tropæolum, tropsæolum

[Gr.tropaion =a trophy. So named from its peltate leaves.] Botany: Indian-cre or Nasturtium; the typical genus of Tropwolaceae (q. v.) Calyx five-parted, the upper lobe spurred, petals normally five, unequal, the three lowest small or wanting; stamens eight, free; carpels three, kidney-shaped; fruit roundish, furrowed, indehiscent, the seed large, filling the cell. Climbing plants from South America. Those best known are Tropœolum majus, the great, and T. minus, the small, Indian-cre or Nasturtium. The leaves of the first are peltate, nerved, orbicular, somewhat lobed, the nerves not mucronate; petals obtuse. It was brought at first from Peru. The second species is smaller than the last, with peltate nerves, orbicular leaves, deep yellow flowers, streaked with orange and red. The berries of both species are gathered when green and made into a pickle, and used also as a garnish for dishes. T. tricolorum is a highly ornamental species, having the calyx wavy, scarlet, tipped with black, and the petals yellow. T. canariense is a climbing variety known as the Canary creeper. Of late years florists have succeeded in obtaining endle varieties of colors of tropæolum. trō-pär-i-on, s. [TROPERION.] trope, subst . [Lat. trop us =a figure of speech, a trope, from Gr. tropos a turning, a turn or figure of speech, from trepo =to turn; Fr. trope ; Sp. & Ital. tropo .] 1. Rhet .: A figurative use of a word; a word or expre ion used in a different sense from that which it properly po e es, or a word changed from its original signification to another for the sake of giving life or emphasis to an idea, as when we call a stupid fellow an a , or a shrewd man a fox. Tropes are chiefly of four kinds: Metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, and irony (see these words); but to these may be added allegory, prosopopœia, antonomasia, and perhaps some others. "Figures of words are commonly called tropes , and consist in a word's being employed to signify something that is different from its original and primitive; so that if you alter the word, you destroy the figure."- Blair : Rhetoric , lect. 44. *2. Roman Ritual : The name given to verses sung at High Ma , before or after, and sometimes in the middle of the Introit. Tropes were introduced by the monks as early as A. D. 1000, but were removed from the Mi al on its revision under Pius V. (1566-72). trōp-er, s. [TROPERION.] trō-për-I-on, trō-pär-I-on, trōp-er, subst. [TROPE.] Roman Ritual : A book containing the tropes [TROPE, 2.], but frequently used also for a book containing Sequences. The word Troperion often occurs in Church inventories. ( Addis & Arnold .)