Măcēdŏnia

, a celebrated country, situated between Thrace, Epirus, and Greece. Its boundaries have been different at different periods. Philip increased it by the conquest of The aly and of part of Thrace, and according to Pliny it contained no le than 150 different nations. The kingdom of Macedonia, first founded B.C. 814, by Caranus, a descendant of Hercules, and a native of Argos, continued in existence 646 years, till the battle of Pydna. The family of Caranus remained in po e ion of the crown until the death of Alexander the Great, and began to reign in the following order: Caranus, after a reign of 28 years, was succeeded by Cœnus, who ascended the throne 786 B.C.; Thurimas, 774; Perdiccas, 729; Argæus, 678; Philip, 640; Æropas, 602; Alcetas or Alectas, 576; Amyntas, 547; Alexander, 497; Perdiccas, 454; Archelaus, 413; Amyntas, 399; Pausanias, 398; Amyntas  II. , 397; Argæus the tyrant, 390; Amyntas restored, 390; Alexander  II. , 371; Ptolemy Alorites, 370; Perdiccas  III. , 366; Philip son of Amyntas, 360; Alexander the Great, 336; Philip Aridæus, 323; Cas sander, 316; Anti pater and Alexander, 298; Demetrius king of Asia, 294; Pyrrhus, 287; Lysimachus, 286; Ptolemy Ceraunus, 280; Meleager, two months; Anti pater the Etesian, 45 days; An tigon us Gonatas, 277; Demetrius, 243; An tigon us Doson, 232; Philip, 221; Perseus, 179; conquered by the Romans 168 B.C. at Pydna. Macedonia has been severally called Æmonia, Mygdonia, Pæonia, Edonia, Æmathia, . The inhabitants of Macedonia were naturally warlike, and though in the infancy of their empire they were little known beyond the borders of their country, yet they signalized themselves greatly in the reign of Philip, and added the kingdom of Asia to their European dominions by the valour of Alexander. The Maced on i an phalanx, or body of soldiers, was always held in the highest repute, and it resisted and subdued the repeated attacks of the bravest and most courageous enemies. Livy , bk. 44 .— Justin , bk. 6 , ch. 9 ; bk. 7 , ch. 1 , . — Strabo , bk. 7 .— Mela , bk. 1 , ch. 3 , . — Pliny , bk. 4 , ch. 10 , . — Curtius , bks. 3 & 4.— Pausanias , bk. 8 , ch. 7 .