ASTRAKHAN

(1) Government, 8.1. European Ru ia, on Lower Volga. (Ru ians, Co acks, Kalmucks, Kirghiz, Tartars, etc.). (2) City, cap. of prov., on 1. bk. of Volga, 50 m. from its mouth; chief Caspian port; fish, caviare, petroleum, and dyed wool of newborn Jambs (astrakhan). Exports: cotton goods, sugar, and manufactured articles to Persia, from which imports of cotton, fruit, rice, silk, and leather. Citadel; cathedral; archiepisc. palace; museums; technical schools, etc. Pop. 156,000. See Mar Ru ia.