Petsh

See Ipek. Petsik (pet's ik), or Pehtsik. A collective name (signifying 'up' or 'up-stream') applied by the Weitspek Indians to the Quorate an tribes on the Klamath above the mouth of the Trinity, north western California. Pettau (pet'tou). A town in Styria, Austria Hungary, situated on the Drave 15 miles southeast of Marburg. Population (1890), 3,914. Pettenkofer (pet'ten-kō-fer), Max von. Born at Lichtenheim, Bavaria, Dec. 3, 1818. A German chemist and physiologist, profe or of medical chemistry at Munich: noted for his researches in hygiene, especially in ventilation, the spread of cholera, etc. Pettie (pet'i), John. Born at Edinburgh, March 17, 1839: died at Hastings, Feb. 21, 1893. A British historical, genre, and portrait painter. He first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1861. Among his pictures are "What d' ye Lack?" (1862), "A Drumhead Court Martial" (1864), "Arrested for Witchcraft" (1866: this picture decided the academy to elect him to an a ociateship; he was made a full member in 1874), "Jacobites in 1745" (1875), "A Knight of the Seventeenth Century," a portrait of William Black (1887), "The Defiance," "Bonnie Prince Charlie," etc. Petti grew (pet'i-grö), James Johnston. Born in Tyrrel County, N. C., July 4, 1828: died near Winchester, Va., July 17, 1863. A Confederate general. He became brigadier-general in 1862, and commanded Heth's division during the third day's fight at the battle of Gettysburg, taking part in Pickett's charge. He was fatally wounded in a skirmish with the Union cavalry in the retreat to Virginia. Petty (pet'i), Sir William. Born at Romsey, Hampshire, England, May 26, 1623: died at Londow, Dec. 16, 1687. An English statistician and political economist. He sided with the Parliament in Petty, Sir William the civil war. In 1651 he was profe or of anatomy at Oxford, and profe or of music at Gresham College. In 1652 he was appointed physician to the army in Ireland, and about 1654 executed by contract a fresh survey, commonly known as the Down Survey, of the forfeited lands granted to soldiers. He bought large tracts of land and established various industries. After Restoration in 1660 he was knighted. In 1663 he invented a double-bottomed lished a defense of his conduct. He was created marquis of Viluma, and was subsequently captain-general of New Castile. Pfäfers (pfa'fers), or Pfeffers (pfef'fers). A village and watering-place in the canton of St.-Gall, Switzerland, situated on the Tamina, near Ragatz, 10 miles north of Coire. It is noted for its ship. He wrote "Treatise of Taxes and Contributions" hot springs and romantic gorge. (1662-85), "Political Arithmetic" (1691), "Political Anatomy of Ireland" (1691), etc. Petty, William, first Marquis of Lansdowne. Born at Dublin, May 20, 1737: died May 7, 1805. A British statesman. He was president of the board of trade in 1763; secretary of state 1766-68 and 1782; and prime minister 1782-83. He succeeded his father as second earl of Shelburne in 1761, and was created marquis of Lansdowne in 1784. Petty-Fitzmaurice (pet"i-fits-ma'ris), Henry, third Marquis of Lansdowne. Born 1780: died Jan. 31, 1863. An English Liberal politician, son of the first Marquis of Lansdowne. He was chancellor of the exchequer 1806-07; home secretary lord president of the council 1830-34, 1835-41, and 1846-52; and a member of the cabinet (without office) 1852-58. Petty-Fitzmaurice, Henry Charles Keith, fifth Marquis of Lansdowne. Born Jan. 14, 1845. An English politician, governor-general of Canada 1883-88, governor-general of India 1888-93, secretary of state for the war depart ment 1895-. Petun, Nation du. See Tion on tat i . Peucer (poit's er), Kaspar. Born at Bautzen, Saxony, Jan. 6, 1525: died at De au, Germany, Sept. 25, 1602. A German Protestant theologian and physician, son-in-law of Me lanch thon. He was imprisoned 1574-86 as one of the leaders of the Crypto calvin is tic movement. Peucker (poi'ker), Eduard von. Born at Schmiedeberg, Silesia, Jan. 19, 1791: died at Berlin, Feb. 10, 1876. A German general, commander of the army against the Baden insurrectionists in 1849. He wrote "Das deutsche Kriegswesen der Urzeit" (1860–64). Born at Peutinger (poi'ting-er), Konrad. Augsburg, Oct. 14, 1465: died there, Dec. 28, 1547. A noted German antiquary. He is best known from his discovery of an ancient map of the military roads in the Roman Empire, called for him "Tabula Peutingeriana" (1753). Pevas (pā'väs), or Pebas (pā'bäs). Indians of northern Peru, on the Marañon and its tributaries. They formerly constituted one of the largest tribes of the Marañon, and the Jesuits established many important mi ions among them, among others the town still called Pebas. They were probably of the Tupi stock, and perhaps a branch of the Omaguas. Pevensey (pev'en-si). A small seaport on the coast of Su ex, England, 22 miles east of Bright It has the ruins of a castle, and is supposed to be the Roman Anderida. on. Peveril (pev'èr-il) of the Peak. A historical novel by Sir Walter Scott, published in 1823. The scene is laid near the Peak of Derby shire and elsewhere in England, in the reign of Charles II. Peyer (pi'er), Johann Konrad. Born at Schaffhausen, Switzerland, Dec. 26, 1653: died Feb. 29, 1712. A Swi anatomist, the discoverer of Peyer's glands. Peyronnet (pā-ro-na'), Charles Ignace, Comte de. Born at Bordeaux, France, Oct. 9, 1778: died at Montferrand, near Bordeaux, Jan. 2, 1854. A French reactionary politician. He was minister of justice 1821-28, and minister of the interior 1830. He signed the "Ordinances" (which led to the revolution of July), and was imprisoned at Ham 1830-36, Pézen as (pāz-näs'). A town in the department of Hérault, France, situated at the junction of the Peyne with the Hérault, 25 miles west-southwest of Montpellier: the Roman Piscennæ. It has a trade in brandy. Population (1891), commune, 6,720. Pezet (pā-that'), Juan Antonio. Born at Lima, 1810: died there, 1879. A Peruvian general and politician. He was prominent in the civil wars; was minister of war under Castilla in 1859; was second vice president in 1860; and first vice-president under San Roman, Oct. 24, 1862; and by the death of the latter became constitutional president, and was inaugurated Aug. 5, 1863. Soon after, Spain demanded from Peru a large indemnity for alleged injuries. Pezet endeavored to temporize, and on Jan. 27, 1865, agreed to an arrangement to which the Peruvian people were strongly opposed: this led to a revolt, and Pezet, to avoid a civil war, resigned Nov. 6, 1865, and lived abroad until 1871. Pezuela (pā-tho-a'lä), Joaquin de la. Born in Aragon, 1761: died at Madrid, 1830. A Spanish general and administrator. He went to Peru as a colonel in 1805; rose to the rank of general; succeeded Goyeneche in the military command of Upper Pern, or Bolivia; and in 1816 was made viceroy of a uming office July 7. Owing to his ill succe in checking the patriots under San Martin, he was deposed by his own officers, Jan. 29, 1821, and soon after returned to Spain, where he pub Pfaff (pfäf), Christian He in rich. Born at Stuttgart, Würtemberg, March 2, 1772: died at Kiel, Holstein, April 24, 1852. A German physicist and chemist, brother of J. F. Pfaff: profe or at Kiel from 1797. Pfaff, Johann Fried rich. Born at Stuttgart, Würtemberg, Würtemb Dec. 22, 1765: died at Halle, Pru ia, April 20-21, 1825. A German mathematician, profe or at Halle from 1810: noted for his analytical works. Pharaoh al- dub , the thigh of the bear.] The second magnitude star y Ursæ Major is. Phædo (fe'do), or Phædon (fe'don). [Gr. Φαί δων .] Born at Elis, Greece: lived in the first part of the 4th century B. c. A Greek philosopher, a disciple of So crates. His name is given a celebrated dialogue of Plato, which purports to be the last conversation of So crates, with an account of his death. The Phædon, or last conversation and death of So crates, is certainly the most famous of all Plato's writings, and owes this renown not only to the infinite importance of the subject-the immortality of the soul but to the touch ing scenery and pathetic situation in which the dialogue is laid. So crates and his friends in the prison, the calm cheerfulne of the victim, the distre of the friends, the emotions even of the jailor - these pictures are only paralleled in literature by the one sacrifice which was greater and more enduring than that of the noblest and purest pagan teacher. Mahaffy, Hist. of Cla ical Greek Lit., II. 186. Phædra (fē'drä). [Gr. Φαίδρα .] In Greek legend, See Liegnitz . Pfaffenhofen (pfäf'fen-ho-fen). A small town in Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, situated on the Ilm 28 miles north of Munich. Here, April 15, 1745, the Austrians under Batthyányi defeated the French and Bavarians; and April 19, 1809, the French under Oudinot defeated the Austrians. Pfahlgraben (pfäl'grä-ben). A long line of fortifications built by the Romans about 70 A. D. for protection against the Germans. They extended from Ratisbon northwestward to Gie en, Ems, and Hönningen. The chief fort was the Saalburg. Pfalz. See Palatinate . Pfalzburg (pfälts'börg). A town in Lorraine, Alsace-Lorraine, situated among the Vosges 27 miles northwest of Strasburg: formerly a fortre . It was taken by the Germans in Dec., 1870. Population (1890), 4,414. Pfeffel (pfef'fel), Gottlieb Konrad. Born at Colmar, Alsace, June 28, 1736: died there, May 1,1809. A German poet and fabulist. Pfeiffer (pfif'er), Franz. Born at Solothurn, Switzerland, Feb. 27, 1815: died at Vienna, May 29, 1868. A German philologist, appointed profe or of the German language and literature at Vienna in 1857. He is best known for editions of medieval German works, including "German Mystics of the 14th Century," etc. Pfeiffer, Madame (Ida Reyer). Born at Vienna, Oct. 15, 1797: died there, Oct. 28, 1858. An Austrian traveler and writer of travels. She traveled in Asiatic Turkey and Egypt in 1842; in Scand in a via and Iceland in 1845; around the world 1846-48, and again 1851-54; in Madagascar 1856-58 (where she was imprisoned); and elsewhere. She published "Reise einer Wiener in in das Heilige Land" ("Journey of a Viennese to the Holy Land," 1843), "Reise nach dem skandinavischen Norden" ("Journey to the Scand in avian North," 1846), "Eine Frauenfahrt um die Welt" ("A Woman's Journey round the World," 1850), "Zweite Weltreise" ("Second Journey round the World," 1856), "Reise nach Madagascar" (1861), etc. Pfister (pfis'ter), Albrecht. Born about 1420: died about 1470. One of the earliest German printers. The conjecture that Pfister printed the Bible of 36 lines will not bear a critical examination. It is not enough to show that our first positive knowledge of the types and the copies of this book begins with Pfister and Bamberg. It still remains to be proved that Pfister made the types and printed the copies. The proof is wanting and the probabilities are strongly adverse.