Sitting bourne (siting-börn)

A town in Kent, commander-in-chief of the army of Jabin, king of Canaan (Judges iv.). He was routed by Barak, and England, 36 miles east-southeast of London. was treacherously slain by Jael, wife of Heber the Kenite, in whose had sought refuge. Sismondi (sis-mon'di; F. pron. sēs-môn-dē'), Jean Charles Léonard (de Simonde) de. Born at Geneva, May 9, 1773: died there, June 25, 1842. A noted Swi historian and economist. He lived in early life in Geneva, England, and Italy, and after 1800 chiefly at Geneva. His works include "His to ire des républiques italiennes" ("History of the Italian Republics," 1807-18), "De la littérature du midi de l'Europe" "On the Literature of the South of Europe," 1813-29), "His to ire des Français" ("History of the French," 1821 1842), the historical novel "Julia Severa" (1829), "His to ire de la renai ance de la liberté en Italie" (1832), "His to ire de la chute de l'empire romain, etc." (1835), "De la riche e commerciale" (1803), "Études des sciences sociales" (1836 1838), His correspondence was edited by Saint-René Taillandier, Montgolfier, Villari, and Monod. About 1801 he observed that his family arms were identical with those of the Italian house of the Sismondi, and a umed the connection. Sistan (sēs-tän'), or Seistan (sā-ēs-tän'). A region in eastern Persia and southwestern Afghanistan, lying near the lower Helm and and the Hamun. By British arbitration in 1872 it was divided into Sistan proper (chiefly west of the Helm and), which was adjudged to Persia, and outer Sistan (lying east and southeast of Sistan proper), which was awarded to Afghanistan. Population of Sistan proper, estimated, 45,000. Sister on (sēst-rôn'). A town in the department of Ba es-Alpes, France, at the junction of the Buech and the Durance, 25 miles south by west of Gap. It has a citadel, and a noted church. Population (1891), commune, 3,996. Sisters (sis'terz), The. A comedy by Shirley, licensed in April, 1652. It was one of the last productions of the pre-Restoration drama. Sisters, The, G. Die Schwestern. A historical novel by Ebers, published in 1880. The scene was laid in Egypt 164 в. с. Sistine (sis'tin), or Sixtine (siks'tin), Chapel. The papal private chapel in the Vatican, constructed by Pope Sixtus IV. (whence the name). It was built 1473, and is in plan a rectangle 157 by 52 feet, and 59 feet high. Architecturally it is insignificant; but it is world-famous for the paintings which cover its walls and vault, including works by Perugino, Bott i cell i, Luca Sign or ell i, Ghirlandajo, and above all the pictures by Michelangelo of the Creation, the Deluge, and the Last Judgment. The singing of the papal choir of the chapel has long celebrated, contain bertandis arch i vert i remate composers of the 15th and 16th centuries. The first catalogue of these was published in 1888 by Dr. Haberl at Leipsic. Sistine Madonna. See Madonna . Sistova (sis'tō-vä). A town in Bulgaria, situated on the Danube in lat. 43° 36′ N., long. 25° 20′ E. It has considerable trade. The Ru ians cro ed the Danube near here in 1877. Population (1888), 12,482. Sistova, Peace of. A treaty concluded between Turkey and Austria, Aug. 4, 1791. It fixed as the boundaries practically those established by the peace of Belgrad in 1739. Sisyphus (sis'i-fus). [Gr. Σίσυφος , the crafty.] In Greek mythology, a son of Æolus and Enarete, brother of Athamas, and husband of the Pleiad Merope. He was the founder of Ephyra (later Corinth). According to Homer, he was the craftiest of all men. For some (unstated) reason he was condemned in the lower world to roll up a hill, without ceasing, a huge stone which when he reached the top always rolled back to the valley. Sita (sē'tä). [Skt., 'furrow': as pointed out by Weber ("Indian Literature," p. 192 192), originally the field-furrow, to which divine honors are paid in the Rigveda and still more in the ritual of the Grihyasutras.] The heroine of the Ramayana, where she is the daughter of Janaka, king of Videha, and wife of Ramachandra who rescues her when she is carried off by Ravana, the demon-king of Lanka. See Ramachandra . Sitapur (se-ta-pör'). A district in Oudh, British India, intersected by lat. 27° 30′ N., long. 80° 40′ E. Area, 2,255 square miles. Population (1891), 1,075,413. Sitcanxu (se-chän'ghö), or Bois Brûlés, or Brûlés. A tribe of North American Indians, a part of the Titonwan, divided into Upper Brulés, or highland Sitcanxu, and Lower Brulés, Population (1891), 8,302. Sitting Bull (sit'ing bül). Born about 1837: died Dec. 15, 1890. A Dakota chief. He com- manded the Indians who defeated Custer's command at the battle of the Little Big Horn, 1876; and was killed near Fort Yates, North Dakota, while resisting arrest by the Indian police during the Sioux outbreak in 1890. Situla (sit'ū-lä). The fourth-magnitude star к Aquarii, on the edge of the stream which i ues from the urn. Siuchu (syö'chö"). A town in the province of Szechuen, China, at the junction of the Wen and Yangtse. Siut (se-öt'), or A iut, or A iout, or Asyoot (ä-syöt'). The capital of Upper Egypt, situated near the left bank of the Nile, in lat. 27° 12′ N.: one of the oldest towns in Egypt. It is a railroad terminus. Population (1882), 31,575. Siva (sē'vä). See Shiva . Sivaji, or Šivajee (sē-vä'jē). Originally, a lawle chief of the Konkan, the northern section of the Western Ghats, son of a va al of the Sultan of Bijapur, who as such held the fortre es of Joonere and Poona. He was born at Joonere in 1627. Forming the mountaineers of the Konk an in to loose but organized bands of horsemen, he waged for many years a war of craft and arms with the Mogul emperor Au rung-Zeb, at last compelling the Sultan of Bijapur to recognize him as the independent sovereign of the Konkan, being installed as Maharaja with great pomp in 1674. In 1677 he led a Mahratta army through Golconda, and conquered a kingdom represented down to recent times by Raja Tanjore. He died about 1680, having main tained his independence until his death. Sivalik Hills. See Siwalik Hills . Sivan (siv'an). [Heb. stván , A yro-Babylonian simánu .] The third ecclesiastical and ninth civil month of the Jewish year, corresponding to the latter part of May and part of June: consecrated to the moon-god (Sin) of the A yrians. Sivas (sē-väs'). 1. A vilayet of Asiatic Turkey. Area, 32,308 square miles. Population, 996, 120. -2. The capital of the vilayet of Sivas, situated on the Kizil Irmak about lat. 39° 37′ N., long. 37° 2' E. It was the ancient Sebasteia; was the capital of part of Armenia; and later belonged to the Seljuks and to Irak. Population, about 20,000. Sivash (se-väsh'), or Putrid Sea (pu'tridse). An arm of the Sea of Azoff, northeast of the Crimea, separated from the main sea by the tongue of Arabat, and connected with it by the Strait of Genitchi. It is shallow, very salt, and largely occupied by lagoons and swamps. Length, about 100 miles. Siwah (sē'wä). An oasis in the desert of northeastern Africa, below the sea-level, west-southwest of Alexandria, about lat. 29° N., long. 26° E. It contains several lakes and the town of Siwah. It was anciently the seat of the oracle of Jupiter Ammon. Length, about 20 miles. Population, about 3,000. Siwalik (sē-wä'lik), or Sivalik (sē-välik), Hills. A range of low mountains in the Northwest Provinces, British India, between the head waters of the Jumna and the Ganges, nearly parallel with the Himalaya. Siward (se'wärd). Died 1055. Earl of North umber land 1041-55. He is introduced as a character in Shakspere's "Macbeth." Siwash. See Sivash . Six Articles, Act of. In English history, an act pa ed in 1539. It a erted (1) Transubstantiabacy of the clergy: (4) the maintenance of vows of chastity; (5) the continuation of private ma es; and (6) auricular confe ion. The penalty for denying the first was death; for the rest, forfeiture of property for the first offense, death for the second. (2) the sufficiency of communion in one kind; (3) cel i Six Cities, The. In German history, the cities Bautzen, Zittau, Löbau, Kamenz, Görlitz, and Lauban, which in 1346 formed a league against plundering knights, and received privileges. were to Pru ia in 1815; (under the name Four Cities) retain certain rights. Six Months' War. The Franco-German war, July, 1870,-Jan., 1871. Six Nations, The. A confederation of Indian tribes of the Huron-Iroquois family. It was composed at first of the Mohawks, Senecas, Cayugas, martyred under Valerian. Sixtus III. Bishop of Rome 432-440. Sixtus IV. (Francesco dell a Rovere). Born near Savona, Italy, July, 1414: died Aug., 1484. Pope 1471-84. He was a patron of art and learning, but was notorious for his nepotism. He built the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican. Sixtus V. (Felice Peretti). Born Dec., 1521: died Aug., 1590. Pope 1585-90. He fixed the number of cardinals at 70. Skadi (skä'dē). [ON. Skadhi .] In Old Norse mythology, a giante , the daughter of the giant Thjazi and the wife of the god Njörd. Three nights she dwelt with Njörd at his abode Noatun (ON. Noatun ); nine she and Njord were in Thor's abode Thrudheim (ON. Thrudhheimr ), where she hunted with bow and snow-shoes. She was also called Ondurdis (ON. Öndurdis ), the snow-shoe godde . Skagastölstind (skägäs-tels-tind). One of the highest summits of Norway, situated in the Jotun Fjeld about lat. 61° 34′ N. Height, 7,875 feet. Skagen, Cape. See Skaw , The . Skager-Rack (skag'er-rak'). A channel, north of Jutland and south of Norway, which connects the North Sea with the Cattegat, and hence with the Baltic. Breadth, about 70-90 miles. Skagit (skag'it). A river, in the southern part of British Columbia and in the northwestern part of Washington, which flows into Lake What com 52 miles north of Seattle. Length, about 150 miles. Skalitz, or Böhmisch-Skalitz (bé'mish-skä'lits). A small town in northeastern Bohemia, situated on the Aupa 73 miles east-northeast of Prague. Here, June 28, 1866, the Pru ians under Von Steinmetz defeated the Austrians under Archduke Leopold. Skanda (skan'da). [Skt., 'the leaper.'] In Hindu mythology, the younger of the two sons of Shiva, Ganesha and Skanda. He is called the god of war because he is commander-in-chief of the armies of good demons, whom he leads against the evil, especially against those who seek to overcome and enslave the gods. He is often called Karttikeya, from his foster-mothers, the six Krittikas, or Pleiades, and then has six heads and twelve arms: the six heads that he might be nursed by the six nurses, and the twelve arms to hold at the same time various weapons. In the south of India he is not worshiped as presiding over war, but as Sub rah many a, 'the very pious or sacred one.' Sub rah many a and his two wives, De vayani and Valliamman, are there believed to grant chil dren, and to thwart and cast out devils. Skandapurana (skan-da-pö-rä'na). In Sanskrit literature, a Purana in which Skanda is the narrator. It is said to contain 81,800 stanzas, and is an aggregation of many original lated works and frag ments. The most is Kashi Khanda, Section, describing minutely the temples of Shiva at or near Benares, and giving directions for Shiva-worship and legends attesting the holine of Kashi or Benares. The greater part of the Kashi Khanda antedates the first attack upon Benares by Mahmud of Ghazni, the first renowned conqueror of India, who reigned 997-1030 A. D., and is said to have made twelve expeditions into India. The Utkala Khanda is the section explaining the holine of Ori a, the inhabitants of which were known as Utkalas. A part of the Skandapurana has been printed at Bombay. Skanderbeg. See Scanderbeg . Skanderun, or Scanderun, or Scan dero on. See Alexandretta . Skanderun, or Scanderun, Bay of. See Iskan derun , Bay of . Skåne (skâ'ne), G. Schonen (shōnen). The southernmost of the old divisions of Sweden, comprising the modern laens (provinces) of Malmöhus and Christians tad. Skaneateles (skan-e-at'les). Atown in Onondaga County, New York, situated at the foot of Lake Skaneateles, 15 miles west-southwest of Syracuse. Population (1890), 1,559. Skaneateles, Lake. A lake in central New York, southwest of Syracuse and east of Auburn. Its outlet is into Seneca River. Length, 14 miles. Skaptar Jökull (skäp'tär ye-köl'). A volcanie group in southern Iceland, on the western side of the Vatna Jökull. It was the scene of a great eruption in 1783. Skaraborg (skärä-borg). A laen in Gothland, Sweden, between Lakes Wener and Wetter. Area, 3,307 square miles. Population (1893), estimated, 243,223. Skardo (skär'dō), or Iskardo (is-kär'do). The capital of Baltis tan, Kashmir, situated on the Indus in lat. 35° 17′ N. Skaw, The Skaw (ska), The, or Skagen (skä'gen), Cape. A cape at the northeastern extremity of Jutland, Denmark, in lat. 57° 44′ N., long. 10° 37′ E. Skeat (skēt), Walter William. Born at London, Nov. 21, 1835. A noted English philologist. He graduated at Christ's College, Cambridge, in 1858, and was mathematical lecturer there 1864-71, and English lecturer 1867-83. He was appointed first Elrington and Bosworth profe or of Anglo-Saxon at Cambridge in 1878. He has edited "Parallel Extracts from Twenty-Nine Manuscripts of Piers Plowman" (1866), "The Romans of Partenay, or of Lusignan, otherwise known as the Tale of Melusine" (1866), "The Vision of William concerning Piers Plowman" (1867-85: the three versions of the text with "Richard the Redeles" and "The Crowned King"), "Specimens of English Literature, A. D. 1394-1579" (1871), "Specimens of English Literature, A.D. 1298-1393" (1872), Chaucer's "Treatise on the Astrolabe" (1872), "Seven Reprint ed Glo aries" (1873), "Ray's Glo ary Reprinted" (1874), "Tales from the Canterbury Tales" (1874), "Plutarch: be ing a Selection from the Lives in North's 'Plutarch' which illustrate Shakespeare's Plays" (1875), "The Gospel of St. Mark in Gothic, according to the Translation made by Wulfila in the Fourth Century: with a Grammatical Introduction and Glo arial Index" (1882), "Chaucer's Minor Poems" (1888), a complete edition of Chaucer, the publication of which was begun in 1894, etc. He has also written "An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, arranged Basis" (1879-81, and Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language" (1883, 1886), "The Principles of English Etymology" (first series 1887: with A. L. Mayhew)," )," A Concise Dictionary of Middle English 1150-1580" (1888), "Primer of English Etymology" (1892), etc. For many of his Early English Text Society publications he wrote critical introductions and supplied notes and glo arial indexes. Skeggs (skegz), Carolina Wilhelmina Amelia. One of the town ladies who imposed upon the innocent family of the Vicar of Wake field, in Goldsmith's novel of that name. Skellefteå Elv (skel-lef'te-â elv). A river in northern Sweden which rises in the Stor-Afvan and flows into the Gulf of Bothnia about lat. 64° 45′ N. Length, about 140 miles. Skelligs (skel'igz), The. A group of rocks southwest of Ireland, in lat. 51°46′ N., long. 10°32′ W. Skelton (skel'ton), John. Born about 1460: died probably in 1529. An English scholar and IMG:content-0911.png:[blocks in formation] Illinois which joins the Little Wabash near Carmi, in White County. Length, about 100 miles. Skilloot. See Echeloot . Skimpole (skim pol), Harold. A character in "Bleak House," by Dickens. He was drawn from Leigh Hunt. Skinner (skin'ėr), Cortlandt. Born in New Jersey, 1728: died at Bristol, England, 1799. A Tory commander in the American Revolution. He was attorney-general of New Jersey in 1775, and at the the New Jersey Volunteers - which he commanded with the rank of brigadier-general. He removed to England on the conclusion of peace. Skinner, John. Born in Birse, Aberdeen shire, Scotland, in 1721: died June, 1807. A Scottish clergyman and poet. He was educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen; and took orders in the Scottish Episcopal Church; and had a charge at Long side, Aberdeen shire. He was persecuted for Jacob it ism. He is known by his songs, collected in 1809: of these "Tullochgorum" called by Burns "the best Scotch Scotland ever Scotland." saw." In 1788 he published an "Ecclesiastical History of Skinner, Stephen. Born at London, 1623: died at Lincoln, Sept. 5, 1667. An English lexicog rapher. He graduated at Christ Church, Oxford, in 1646, and studied medicine at Heidelberg. His etymologi. cal dictionary of the English language ("Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicansæ") was published by Henshaw in 1671. Skinners (skin'erz), The. 1. See Ecorcheurs. - 2. A body of marauders who pillaged West chester County, New York, during Revolution ary times. Skiold, or Skjold (shold). In Norse mythol- ogy, the son of Odin, and a mythical king of Denmark. Skioldungs, or Skjoldungs (shōl'döngz). The descendants and followers of Skiold. Skipetar (skip'e-tär). [Albanian Skipetar , lit. 'mountaineer,' from skipe , a mountain.] 1. An Albanian or Arnaut. See Albanian . - 2. The language of the Albanians: same as Albanian . of the Belgian army in Skunk (skungk) River. A river in Iowa which joins the Mi i ippi 11 miles south of Burlington. It receives from the north a tributary, the North Skunk. Length, over 250 miles. Skupshtina (skupsh'ti-nä). ina (skupsh'ti-nä). The national a embly of Servia, consisting of one chamber and comprising 178 members, three fourths elected and and one fourth nominated by the crown. There is also a larger elected body, called the Great Skupshtina, which deliberates on questions of extraordinary importance. Skye (ski). An island belonging to Inverne shire, Scotland, the largest of the Inner He brides. It is separated from the mainland on the east by the Sound of Sleat, Loch Alsh, etc.; from North Uist and Harris on the northwest by the Little Minch; and from Lewis by the Minch. It contains many mountains (the highest over 3,000 feet). The chief town is Portree. The language is mostly Gaelic. Area, 643 square miles. Population (1891), 15,800. Skyros. See Scyros . Slank a men (slän'kä-men). A small town in Slavonia, Austria-Hungary, situated at the junction of the Thei with the Danube, 26 miles north by west of Belgrad. Here, Aug. 19, 1691, the Imperialists under Louis of Baden defeated the Turks un der Köprili, who was killed in the battle. Slate (slāt) Mountain. A summit of the Elk Mountains in Colorado. Slater (slā'ter), John Fox. Born at Slatersville, R. I., March 4, 1815: died at Norwich, Conn., May 7, 1884. An American manufacturer and philanthropist. He established in 1882 the Slater Fund of $1,000,000 for the education of freedmen in the South. Slatina (slä-tē'nä). A town in Wall a chia, Rumania, situated near Aluta 85 miles west of Bukharest. Population, about 7,000. Slave Coast (slāv kōst). A region on the western coast of Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin. It extends from the Volta to the neighborhood of Benin on the east. It is now divided between Great Britain, France, and Germany. Slave Lake. See Great Slave Lake. Slave River. See Great Slave River . The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century Cyclopedia of names 25 years was of Di in Norfolk: he was sus and the tutor of Henry VIII. He took holy orders in 1498, and for trifle rived. miles northwest of Leeds. It contains a castle, He wrote "The Bowge of Court," "The Boke of Phyllyp partly destroyed in 1649. Population (1891), Sparrow," "Magnificence," "The Tunning of Elinor Rum- 10,376. made him the hero of a book of "merye" tales. Skene (skēn), William Forbes. Born at In- verie, in Kin car dines hire, June 7,1809: died at Edinburgh, Sept. 3, 1892. A Scottish historian. He was educated at the Edinburgh High School, in Ger. many, and at the universities of St. Andrews and Edin- burgh. In 1881 he succeeded Hill Burton as historiographer Mainland. Skerryvore (sker-i-võr'). A reef in the Atlan- tic, southwest of Tiree, Scotland, in lat. 56° 19′ N., long. 7° 7' W. It has a lighthouse. Sketch-Book, The. A collection of tales and sketches by Washington Irving, published in 1820. It contains "Rip Van Winkle," "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," etc. Sketches by Boz. A collection of stories by Dickens, published 1835-36. Sketchley (skech'li), Arthur. The pseudonym of George Rose (1830-82), an English humor- ous writer. In 1863 he appeared before the English pub- lic as the originator of "Mrs. Brown." 3,058 feet. ogy, the me enger of the gods, but especially of Frey. He is sent to the giants to woo for Frey the giant maiden Gerd (ON. Gerdhr ), and to the dwarfs to procure the bonds with which the wolf Fenris is secured. Skirophoria (skir-o-fo'ri-ä). [From Gr. Σκιρο φόρια , pl., from σκιροφόρος , from σκίρον , a white parasol borne in honor of Athene (hence called Σκιράς ), and -φορος , from φέρειν = E. bear.] An ancient Attic festival in honor of Athene, celebrated on the 12th of the month Skirophorion (about July 1). Skirophorion (skir-ō-fo'ri-on). [From Gr. Σκιρο φοριών , the 12th Attic month, from Σκιροφόρια : see Skirophoria .] In the ancient Attic calendar, the last month of the year, containing 29 days, and corresponding to the last part of June and the first part of July. Skittagetan (skit'ta-ge"tan). A linguistic stock of North American Indians, in two chief divisions, the Haida proper and the Kaigani. Habitat, the islands of the Queen Charlotte group, and Forester and Prince of Wales islands, off the west coast of British America. Number, from 2,500 to 2,700. Also called Haida and Kygani or Kaigani . Skjold. See Skiold . Skobeleff (skōʼbe-lef), Mikhail. Born 1844: died at Moscow, July 7, 1882. A Ru ian general. He served with distinction in the expedition against Khiva in 1873, and against Khokand in 1875; took an active part in the Ru o-Turkish war of 1877-78; and as commander-in-chief took Geok-Tepe and conquered the Tekke-Turkomans in 1881. ner, in the Lothrop collection, Boston. The slaver has been by a storm, which is subsiding; the slaves have been thrown overboard, and many are seen struggling in the surf, hampered by their chains. The scene is illumined by a crimson light. Slave States, The. Those of the United States in which, in the period before the Civil War, slavery flourished. They were Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mi is sippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and Tenne ee (all of which seceded), and Mi ouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware. Slavinia (sla-vin'i-ä). The Slavic region in medieval times, near the Baltic. The name was also used to comprise the Slavic regions further south. The name of Slavinia reached from the Danube to Pelo ponnesos, leaving to the Empire only islands and detached points of coast from Venice round to The alonica. Their settlements in these regions gave a new meaning to an ancient name, and the word Maced on i an now began to mean Slavonic. Freeman, Hist. Geog., p. 115. Slavonia (sla-võʻni-ä), G. Slawonien or Sla vonien (slä-võ'ne-en), F. Esclavonie (es-klävō-ne'). [L., from Slavus , Sclavus , Slav.] A region in Austria-Hungary, forming part of the land of Croatia and Slavonia in the Transleithan (Hungarian) division of the dual monarchy. Capital, E ek. It is bounded by the Drave (separating it from Hungary) on the north and northeast, by the Danube (separating it from Hungary) on the east, by the Save (separating it from Servia and Bosnia) on the south, and by Croatia on the west. It is traversed by low mountains and by hills. The soil is fertile. The inhabitants are mostly Slavs. The prevailing languages are Croatian and Servian. Slavonia formed part of the Roman province of Pannonia. Its po e ion was disputed between Hungary and the Byzantine empire. It pa ed to Hungary in the 12th century, and was under Turkish