THE ARISTOLOCHIA ROTUNDA

THE ARISTOLOCHIA SERPENT ARIA. (AFTER CAUVET.) [B, 138.] Cod]. Ger., Schlangen-Osterluzei, virgin is che Schlangenwurzel. Virginia snake-root; an herbaceous plant 8 to 12 inches in height growing through the middle and southern United States. It has an erect, flexuous, jointed stalk; oblong or ovate, cordate, accuminate leaves, 2 to 4 inches in length, supported on short petioles; and jen radical peduncles bearing duil-purplish, leathery flowers, à to 1 ine in length, of a sigmoid shape, with the calyx-tube inflated at each end and the limb terminating in 3 short obtuse lobes. The fruit is a 6-angled, 6-celled obovate capsule. The A. serpent aria, var. hastata (A. hastata [Nuttall], A. serpent aria, var, y avriculata [Hayne]), is distinguished by its oblong-linear or oblong-lanceolate leaves, auriculate at the base. The A. serpent aria, var, a DA |Hayne] (A. of ficin at is [Nees v. Esenbeck]) has oblong-cordate, long-cuspidate leaves with a slender, slightly villous stem; and the A. serpent aria, var. B ovata [Hayne] (A. serpent aria {Nees v. enbeck]), has ovate-cordate short-cuspidate leaves with a low villous stem. The rhizome, serpent aria [U. S. Ph.], serpentariæ rhizoma [Br. Ph. (1885)] (seu radix [Br. Ph, (1867)], radix serpentariæ seu aristo loch iæ serpentariæ, seu aristo loch iæ virgin i anæ, seu viper inæ, seu colubrinæ), is about 1 inch in length, 4 inch broad, bent, covered with the remnants of the stems and with thin branching rootlets about 4 inches long; is of a yellowish-brown exteriorly, whitish within; and has an aromatic. camphoraceous odor, an à bitter camphoraceous taste. It contains à fragrant volatile oil, à volatile resin, gum, sugar, and a bitter principle (aristo loch in [Cheval lier], serpent agin). It acts as an aromatic stimulant, di retic, and diaphoretic, and is administered in typhoid conditions, in exanthematous fevers to develop the eruption, and in intermittent fevers, especially in connection with cinchona, [B, 5, 34, 92, 180.]— A. sipho (L'Héritier]. Ger., Pfeifenstrauch. Dutchman's pipe: a large climbing shrub growing in the middle and southern United States, and cultivated in Europe, with broad, rounded-cordate. glabrous, petiolate leaves, 6 to 12 inches in diameter, and with solitary bracteate flowers having the dull-brown calyx-tube bent upon itself in the form of a tobacco-pipe. The leaves have been used as a diaphoretic in catarrhal disorders. 80.]—A. solid a. The Corydalis solid a. [L, s [Willdenow]. A shrub of Surinam with trilobate leaves and solitary flowers with the bent calyx-tube ending in a cordate flat lip. All parts of the plant re a penetrating and sharp taste, and have been used in maignant fevers and other diseases. [B, 180.]—A. tape tot rich a [Ch. Lem.]. The À. macroura. [B, 2i4.]—A, tenera [Pohl], A s called matos in New Granada, where it is used as a remedy for snake-bites. [* Pharm. Jour. ‘and Trans,” Mar. 13, 1873, p. 725 (B).J—A. tenuis. See A. clem at it is—A. to mentos a [Sims]. A tall climbing shrub growing along the Mi i ippi River and in the Gulf States. The rounded-cordate, ene leaves, 4 to 6 inches in length, are downy or hairy on their inferior surface, and the solitary bractle flowers have a greenish-yellow, downy, strongly reflexed calyx-tube and a dark-purple, reflexed, 3-cleft limb. The plant has a thick creeping root resembling in odor that of A. serpent aria, This species has been confounded with A. hirsuta, from which, however, it tly differs. [B, 5, 34.]—A. trifid a (remancrl The A. trilobata of Linnaeus. [B, 180.)—A. triloata.., aristo loc he trilobée. 1. Of Linnæus, a climbing shrub of the West Indies with obtuse trilobate leaves and solitary inflated flowers with a cordiform, cuspidate, and caudate lip. All parts of the plant have a strong camphoraceous odor. The stalks, occurring in long, angular, cane-like pieces, formerly official as stipites aristo loch iæ trilobatæ, and the root have a physiological action resembling that of À. serpent aria, and have been’ employed for the same pury as the latter, and also as an antidote to snake-bites. 2. Of Jacquin, the A. sur in a mens is. 3. Of Lindley, the A. macroura. [B, 180, 197, 214; L, 85.J—A. tripteris. Fr., aristo loc he de la Louisiane. A species said to occur in Louisiana, the botanical description of which is too imperfect for identification, [Duchartre (B, 214).)—A. turbacensis [Bonpland]. Sp., capitan a de corazon. A climbing plant with ovate-cordate entire leaves, reticulately veined inferiorly, and flowers borne on bracteate peanaclest growing near Turbaco, in Mexico. A decoction of the root ‚s been used as an antidote for snake-bites, [B, 173, 214; L, 105.] —A. undata [Ménch). The A. sempervirens. [B, 214.]—A. vulgar is. See A. clem at it is.— A. vulgar is rotunda. See Corypaus solid a.—A. yellow. Ger., Aristolochiengelb. A yellow crystalline substance obtained from the root of A.clem at it is. Probably identical with aristo loch in and clem a tid in. [A, 1; B, 196.)—Extractum aristo loch iæ. Fr., extrait d’aristo loc he. An extract made by Cnet 1 part of the root of A. clem at it is with 5 or 6 parts of alcohol, filtering with expre ion, boiling the residue with 3 parts of water, clarifying the decoction with white of ree. mixing the alcoholic and aqueous liquors, and evaporating. | [Brinsw Disp. (1777), Wirt. Ph. (1798) (L, 85).]—Radix aristo loch iæ bulbosæ. The root of Corydalis solid a, [B, 180.]—Radix aristo loc hive cavee. The root of Corydalis cava. [B, 180.|—Radix aristo loch iæ clem at it i dis (seu clem at it is), Radix arlstolochiæ cretice. The root of A. clem at it is, i 180.]—Radix aristo loch iæ cymbiferm. The root of A. cymbifera. [B, 180.]—Radix aristo loch iæ fabaceæ. The root of Corydalis solid a. [B, 180.]— Radix aristo loch iæ fœminæ. The root of À. rotunda.—Radix aristo loch iæ longa (seu longæ veræ), Radix aristo loch iæ major is. The root of À. longa. [B, 180; L, 85,j—Radix aristolochiw Maurorum. The root of 4. Maurorum. [B, 180.|—Radix aristo loch iæ minor is. The root of A. pis to lochia. [B,180.] —Radix aristolochle non cavæ. The root of Corydalis solid a. B 180.) Radix aristo loch iæ polyrrhizæ. The root of A. piso lochia. [L, 85.|—Radix aristo loch iæ rotundæ vere. The root of A. rotunda. i 85.]—Radix aristolochiz rotund vulgar is. The root of Rea cava, |B, 180.]—Radix aristo loch iæ serpentariæ. The rhizome of A. serpent aria, the serpent aria of the U. S. Ph. [B, 180.]|—Radix aristo loch iæ tenuis. The root of À. clem at it is, 180.]—Nadix aristo loch iæ tenuis olyrrhizæ. The root of À. pis to lochia. [B,180.|—Radix aristojochiæ virgin i anæ. The rhizome of À. serpent aria. [B, mo.a_ Radix aristo loch iæ vulgar is. The root of À. clem at it is. [L, Selmartency aristo loch iæ trilobatæ. The stalks of A. trilobata. [L, 85.) ARISTO LOCH I ACEÆ (Lat.), n. f. tpl. A?r(asr)-i2s-to-lotk- (lo?ch?)-i2-a(a3)’se%ke?)-e(a3-e2), Fr., to loch incées. Ger., Aristolochiaceen, Osterluzeigewächse. It., aristolochiaceen. Sp., aristoloquidceas. 'Syn.: Asarinæ [Kunth], Asarineæ [Bartling], Pistolochine [Link]. Birthworts. An order of ge dicotyledonous herbs and shrubs belonging to the asaral alliance of Lindley, the cohort As a rales of Bentham and Hooker, and the order Serpentariæ, series Monochlamydeæ, of Kichler, It comprises plants with alternate, exstipulate, simple leaves; perfect flowers, with an irregularly tubular perianth, usually of a brownish or yellowish hue, valvate in æstivation; 6 to 12 (rarely 18 or 36) pip ynots stamens, a simple style tipped with a 6-parted stigma, and a 6-celled (rarely 3- or 4-celled) GOTH and a capsular fruit containing numerous albuminous seeds, By Duchartre it is divided into three suborders: 1. The Asareæ, herbaceous plants with the lower leaves squamiform, the upper reniform; with solitary terminal flowers having a persistent trilobed calyx, 12 free stamens, 6 of which are exterior and placed opposite the styles, and have very short filaments, and short 6-celled ovary; and with a capsule opening by an irregular dehiscence. This suborder has for its type the genus Asarum. -2. The Bragantie, shrubs with reniform, oblong, or ovate-lanceolate leaves; with flowers disposed in spikes or racemes, having a caducous calyx dividing into 3 irregular lobes, 6 to 36 stamens, and an elongated, tetragonal, and 4-celled ovary with uniseriate ovules; and with à siliquiform capsule dehiscing by 4 valves. This suborder has for its type the genus Brag anti a. 3. The Aristo loc hieæ, shrubs with an irregularly tubular caducous calyx, 6 (sometimes 5) stamens with extrorse anthers se ile upon the style, an elongated hexagonal 6-celled ae 5-celled) ovary, and a globular or oblong hexagonal capsule, dehiscing from top to bottom by 6 valves, It includes the genus ‘Aristolochia. (B, 34, 104.]