turnwayt (ternwa)

[ Many times, when we haue runne a long race in our tale spoken to the hearers, we do sodainly flye out & either exclaime at some other person or thing, and therefore the Greekes call such a figure (as we do) the turnway or turn tale. Putten ham , Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 199. turn-wrest (tern'rest), a . Noting a plow having a reversible mold-board, whereby a furrow may be turned either to the right or to the left, according to the position of the mold-board. Turonian (tu-ro'ni-an), n. [Irreg. Touraine in France, where the system is well developed, + -ian .] In geol ., a division of the Cretaceous system, according to the continental geologists. It lies between the Cenomanian and the Senonian, and is the equivalent of the English Lower Chalk, or "Chalk with out flints" the chalk of the cliffs of Dover and Shakespeare Cliff. In the more detailed nomenclature of the French geologists it includes the Santon i an and Camp an i an. turpentine (ter'pen-tin), n. [Formerly also ter pentine; rollers which support the ends and upon which the latter turn around creted by the wood or bark of a number of on a circular flat-topped rail; c, c ', fixed rails and turn-table rails respectively. are sunk in a circular pit, so that the track is level with the connecting tracks. In some cases a second line of rails is laid on the platform, at right angles with the first. The turn-table for turning locomotives, as at the end of local lines, is now usually simply a wooden or iron girder, pivoted at the center and having each end supported on wheels that move on a circular track in a pit, the plat form being dispensed with. Small turn-tables for moving cars from one track to another, as in narrow yards where there is no room for curves or switches, are sometimes used. Also called turning - plate. 2. A device used in tracing the circular cement cells for microscope-slides. E. H. Knight. trees, all coniferous except the terebinth, which yields Chian turpentine. It consists chiefly of an e ential hydrocarbon oil (C10H16) and a resin called colophony or rosin. The common turpentine is derived in France from the maritime pine, Pinus maritima (French or Bordeaux turpentine); in Ru ia and Germany, from the Scotch pine, P. sylvestris; in Austria and Corsica, from the Corsican pine, P. Laricio; in the East Indies and Japan, from several pines; and in the United States, most largely in North Carolina, from the southern or long leafed pine, P. palustris, and somewhat from the loblolly pine, P. Tæda. For other turpentines, see the phrases below. In the United States turpentine is obtained by cutting a pocket in the side of the tree (boxing), whence it is periodically collected. In France the le destruc turpin tive method is practised of removing a piece of bark and conducting the flow into earthen ve els. The crude turpentine is subjected to distillation, separating the oil, or so-called spirit or spirits of turpentine, from the rosin the oil in the case of the long-leafed pine constituting, it is said, 17 per cent., and in the case of the maritime pine 24 per cent. This when pure is limpid and colorle , of a penetrating peculiar odor, and a pungent bitterish taste. Spirit of turpentine is very extensively used in mixing paints and varnishes. In medicine it is stimulant and diuretic, an anthelmintic, and externally a rubefacient and counter-irritant. Men sellen a Gome, that Men clepen Turbentyne , in stede of Bawme; and the i putten there to a littille Bawme for to zeven gode Odour. Mandeville , Travels, p. 51. 2. The oil or spirit of turpentine; turps: an ordinary but le precise use. - Aleppo turpentine, an article resembling, but not equal to, the Bordeaux turpentine, obtained in Provence from Pinus Hale pens is . - Canada turpentine, Canada balsam. (See balsam . ) During the American civil war, turpentine of the common sort was obtained from the Canadian red pine, Pinus resinosa. Car path i an turpentine, usually called Car pathian balsam , a turpentine from the Swi stone-pine, Pinus Cembra . - Chian turpentine, the product of the turpentine-tree (which see), obtained by incision. It is of a feebly aromatic and terebinth i no us flavor, not bitter or acrid, and of a characteristic pleasantly aromatic and terebinth i no us scent. It was formerly of medicinal repute, then fell nearly into disuse, but latterly has been used with some succe for cancer. Also Cyprian or Scio turpentine . - Hungarian turpentine, the product of the dwarf pine, Pinus Pumilio , usually called Hungarian balsam , an article scarcely met with in commerce. Its e ential oil is used as an inhalant in throat-diseases. - Larch turpentine. Same as Venetian turpentine . - Mineral turpentine, a deodorized benzoin used in painting as a substitute for turpentine. - Scio turpentine. Same as Chian turpentine . Strasburg turpentine, the product of the silver fir, Abies alba , much resembling common turpentine, but pleasantly odorous, and not acrid and bitter. It was formerly much esteemed in medicine, but is now nearly obsolete. - Turpentine camphor. Same as arti ficial camphor. See camphor . - Turpentine ointment. See ointment . - Venetian or Venice turpentine, the oleoresin of the European larch, Larix Europæa , secreted chiefly in its sapwood. It is le siccative than any other kind. It is useful for plasters, and is often prescribed in veterinary practice; but the genuine article is consumed mostly in continental Europe. turpentine (ter'pen-tīn), v. t. [ Or Martyr beat like Shrove tide cocks with bats, And fired like turpentined poor wasting rats. Wolcot (P. Pindar), Subjects for Painters. turpentine-hack (ter'pen-tin-hak), n. A hand tool for cutting or boxing pine-trees, to start the flow of crude turpentine. E. H. Knight. turpentine-moth (ter'pen-tin-môth), n. Any one of several tortricid moths whose larvæ bore the twigs and shoots of pine and fir, causing an exudation of resin and killing the twig. Re tinia res in an a is the common turpentine-moth of Europe; R. com stock i an a and R. frust an a are common in the United States. turpentine-oil (ter'pen-tin-oil), n. The oil of turpentine. See turpentine. Also called pine oil.-Hydro chlorate of turpentine-oil, artificial camphor. See camphor.