Colapur

See Kolhapur. Schmidt). Born at Christiania, Norway, Dec. 18, 1814. A Norwegian novelist. Her works in clude "Tre Noveller" (1873), "Tre nye Noveller" (1875), Cole, John William iards. In 1592 he was elected toqui or war-chief of the nation. He was killed in an unsucce ful attack on Coya. Cold bath Fields (köld bath feldz). A part of Middle sex from which the great Cold bath Fields prison took its name. The original house of correction here was built in the reign of James I. It was overcrowded and was closed in 1886. Col de Balme (kol de bälm). A notably picturesque Alpine pa on the route between "Jeg lever" (1877), "Cleopatra" (1880), etc. Colberg. See Kolberg . Colbert (kol-bar'), Jean Baptiste. Born at Rheims, France, Aug. 29, 1619: died at Paris, Sept. 6, 1683. A noted French statesman. He was the son of a merchant of Rheims, entered the service Chamonix in France and Martigny in Switzer- of Cardinal Mazarin in 1648, and in 1661, on the death of land. Elevation, 7,225 feet. Mazarin, was appointed by Louis XIV. minister of finance, Colden (köl'den), Cad wall a der. a post which until his death. He introduced extensive fiscal reforms, as a result of which the income of the government was nearly trebled; and encouraged commerce and the industries by imposing a protective tariff, by the building of canals, and by the planting of colonies. He founded the Academy of Inscriptions (1663), the Academy of Sciences (1666), and other institutions for the promotion of art and science. Colbert, Jean Baptiste, Marquis de Seignelay. Born at Paris, 1651: died Nov. 3, 1690. A French official, minister of marine: son of B. Colbert. J. Colborne (kõlborn), Sir John. Born at Lyndhurst, Hampshire, Feb. 16, 1778: died at Torquay, Devons hire, April 17, 1863. An English general. He entered the army in 1794; served under Wellington in Portugal, France, and Spain 1809-14; fought with distinction at the battle of Waterloo in 1815; was appointed lieutenant-governor of Guernsey in 1825; and in 1830 became lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, a post which he resigned on being promoted to lieutenant-general in 1838. He returned to England in 1839, after having in the mean time quelled the Canadian rebellion, and in the same year was raised to the peerage as Lord Seaton of Seaton in Devons hire. He was promoted general in 1854, was commander of the forces in Ireland 1855-60, and was created field-marshal in 1860. Col brand (kōl'brand), or Cold brand (kõld'brand). A Danish giant, slain by Guy of Warwick. There is some slight foundation of fact in this legend. See Guy of Warwick . Colburn (köl'bern), Warren. Born at Dedham, Ma ., March 1, 1793: died at Lowell, Ma ., Sept. 15, 1833. An American mathematician, best known as a writer on arithmetic. Colburn, Zerah. Born at Cabot, Vt., Sept. 1, 1804: died at Norwich, Vt., March 2, 1840. An American, celebrated during his boyhood as an ader. Born at Dunse, Scotland, Feb. 17, 1688: died on Long Island, N. Y., Sept. 28, 1776. A Scotch-American physician, botanist, mathematician, and politician, lieutenant-governor of New York 1761-76. He introduced the Linnean system into America, and furnished Linnæus (who named the genus Coldenia for him) with descriptions of several hundred American plants. He wrote a "History of the Five Indian Nations of Canada" (1727), and several medical works. Colden, Cad wall a der David. Born near Jersey City, N.J., Feb. 7, 1834. An American Flushing, Long Island, April 4, 1769: died at lawyer and politician, grandson of C. Colden. Col de Tenda (kol de ten'dä). A pa in the mountains of northwestern Italy, near France, 30 miles northeast of Monaco. It is often taken as the boundary between the Maritime Alps and the A pennines. Elevation, 6,145 feet. Cold Harbour (köld här bor). [Also Cole - Har bour ; corrupted Coal Harbour .] Avery ancient building in the parish of All hallows the Le , near the Thames. Stow gives a long account of the various merchant princes and great men through whose hands it pa ed till it came to the Earl of Shrews bury, who in 1553 changed its name to Shrews bury House; the next earl "took it down, and in place thereof builded a number of small tenements, now letten out for great rents to people of all sorts." It was at this time a sanctuary for debtors, gamesters, etc.; hence the phrase "To take sanc tuary in Cold Harbour." Cold Harbor. A place in Hanover County, Virginia, 9 miles east-northeast of Richmond, situated near the Chick a hominy. It was the scene of two battles during the Civil War: the first, fought June 27, 1862, is Mill arithmetical prodigy. Colby (kōl'bi) University. An institution of learning situated at Waterville, Maine. It was organized in 1820, and previous to 1867 was called Waterville College. It is under the control of the Baptists. Col camp at a (kōl-käm-pä'tä). [Quichua, 'terrace of the granaries. A series of artificial terraces at the foot of the Sacsahuaman hill, north of and overlooking the city of Cuzco, Peru. Under the Inca sovereigns they were a sort of sacred garden: every year the Inca himself broke the soil there as a signal that the season of planting had commenced, and there he plucked the first ears of the harvest. These ceremonies were celebrated by festivals. The Col camp at a palace was at the base of the terraces, and portions of it remain in a good state of preservation. Col chester (köl'ches-ter). A town in E ex, England, situated on the Colne in lat. 51° 54' N., long. 0° 54′ E.: the Roman Camulodunum, and the Anglo-Saxon Col nec easter. It has long been famous for its oyster-fishery, and contains many Roman antiquities, including Roman walls. It has a castle and the ruins of St. Botolph's Priory and of a Benedictine monastery. The castle is the most powerful Norman military structure in England. The dimensions of the keep are 168 by 126 feet, and its walls vary in thickne from 11 to 30 feet. In one portion of the walls appears Roman herring-bone work in brick. The chapel is now a museum of Roman antiquities. Camulodunum was the ear liest Roman colony in Britain, and was destroyed by the Iceni, but rebuilt. Later it became a stronghold, and was taken by Fairfax in 1648. Population (1891), 34,559. The grand city of Camulodunum, or, as it is called in the Itinerary, Camalodunum, the capital of the British princes after they had submitted to the Romans, and the first Roman city in the island which was honoured with the rank of a coloni a. History speaks of its temples and public buildings; and if, at an early period of its history, it was exposed to attack without walls of defence, that want was so well supplied at a subsequent period, that the ponderous masonry of its walls has endured to the present day, and ought never to have allowed anybody to hesitate in placing the site of this ancient city at Col. chester.