Manchester

in 1851, and there developed the proce of making water gas. Becoming Profe or of Chemistry in the Royal School of Mines in 1865 he turned his attention to water analysis, the —_— of sewage and the means 0} gt pollution. Subsequently he Ree that compre ed gases are capable of giving out a flame of constant spectrum, from which he concluded that the photosphere of the sun was atmospheric. He also investigated the chemistry of foods. He died in Norway, Aug. 11, 1899.