appoggiatura

From the verb (ap-pod-ja-too'-ra) appoggiare, to It. or dwell upon. The name given to an leann. $0M ornament consisting of one or more so slightly in different forms of time grace notes, inserted one degree, that it is sometimes called the unchangeable appoggiatura...Written It is now indicated by a small eighth or sixteenth note with an oblique line through the hook, but in old music the line was not used, so that it may easily be mistaken for a long appoggiatura. When an appoggiatura consists of two or more grace notes it is called a double or compound appoggiatura. sometimes more, above or below the principal note, from which they derive.Written _ lip their time. The long appoggiatura (langer Vorschlag, Ger.) receives the accent of its principal note and has a £ & P definite value: one half of a simple Played note; two-thirds of a dotted note not divisible into two equal parts; or the whole value of the principal note when that note is tied to another of the same pitch. 60 arch i cembalo appoggiatura so marked is to be played with the Agp oggiat uras like those starred in 41 the illustration are also called slides bow. Opposite of pizzicata. Abbr. (Schleifer, Ger.) The term superior arc, arco. appoggiatura is applied to one in arch which the grace note, or notes, are In old figured ba the system of above the principal note; inferior to musical notation wherein the ba one in which they are below. part was written out and the other parts indicated by Arabic numerals placed over or below it, this sign was placed over the note to indicate that J > J IIP J ' J,fl IIlifl Grace notes following the principal note from which they derive their time a note at an interval of an imperfect fifth, or three whole tones, was to be value form an unaccented appoggiaused with it. Now obsolete. tura or after beat. Written Played arch-chanter (Nashlag. Ger.). The leading singer in the choir; the Following is an ♦# precentor. example of an ap- Arche (ar'-khe) Ger. n. poggiatura with a Literally, a chest: hence the sound chord: ing-board of an organ or other musical It. v. instrument. To make (ap-pra-sta'-re) app rest are ready, prepare; to tune an arched viall n. obscure. instrument preparatory to playing. An instrument described in Pepys' tpre (apr) Fr. adj. Diary, October 5, 1664, Rough, harsh, uneven; bitter, a us tuned with lute strings and as "being played on tere, with keys like an organ; a piece of aprement (apr-mar i) Fr. adv. parchment is always kept moving, and Roughly, harshly, sharply. the string which by the keys are aprete (ap-ru-ta/) Fr. n. always pre ed down upon it, are Roughne , harshne , severity; grated in imitation of a bow, by the sourne . parchment; and so it is intended to re- Arabeske (ar-a-bes'-ke) Ger. n. semble several vialls played on with arabesque (ar-a-besk') Eng. and Fr. n. one bow, but so basely and so harshly 1. An architectural ornamentation that it will never do. But after three consisting of plant, animal or even hours stay it could not be fixed in tune human forms arranged in fanciful and so they were fain to go to some groups or combinations. The pure Arabian arabesque was comprised other musique of instruments." only of lines, curves and geometrical n. arch egg i a men to (ar-ked-ja-men'-to)It. figures. The act of bowing: the manage- 2. The term was first applied to ment of the bow in a general sense. music by Schumann as the title of one of his piano pieces, light and graceful arch egg i are (ar-ked-ja'-re) It. v. in style and similar to a rondo in To archment with or the bend: bow. to play an instruform. It is occasionally used by archet ar-sha) Fr. n. writers of music in this sense, and in The bow. speaking of ornamentation of themes. archettino (ar-ket-te'-no) It. n. arbitrii (ar-bi-tri'-I) Lat. n. plu. archetto (ar-ket'-to) It. n. Points, introduced by the singer at Diminutive of arco. A little bow. pleasure while the accompaniment arch i (ar'-che) It. n. ceases, by means of which he leads Bows. Plural of arco. Gli arch i — the ear to the subject matter of the air. Called by the French recherches. the bows, is equivalent to our expre ion, the strings, meaning the string arbitrio (ar-be'-tri-6) It. n. instruments in the orchestra. Free will. At the pleasure or will of the performer. arch i (ar'-kl) Lat. 1. A prefix meaning chief, greatest. are at a (ar-ka'-ta) It. n. 2. Used of old instruments, signify- The use of the bow, mode of bowing the largest in size and compa . ing, as are at a in giu, bowing with the arch i cello (ar-ki-cheT-16) It. n. down-stroke, and are at a in su, bowing Diminutive of arco. A little bow. with the up-stroke. arch i cembalo (ar-she-shem-ba-16) Fr. n. arcato (ar-ka'-to) It. adj. Bowed: signifying that the pa age An instrument of the harpsichord 61 42 arch i cembalo aria concerto species invented by Don Nicolo Vicenarditezza (ar-di-t£t-tsa) It. n. tine in the Sixteenth Century. It had Boldne ; with energy. daring. Con arditezza, six keyboards and special keys and strings and on it could be played chroardito (ar-de'-to) It. adj. matic, diatonic and enharmonic scales. Bold; daring. Abbr. ardo. archiluth (ar-she-lut) Fr. n. It. ardito di molto (ar-de'-to de mol'-to) Equivalent to archlute, which see. With much force; very boldly, pas arc him and or a (ar-kl-man-do'-ra) It. n. sionately. A large instrument of the lute variety, having deep, pear-shaped body ardore (ar-do'-re) It. n. and long neck. It is the largest of Ardor, fervor, warmth. the mandora species. Are tin i an syllables The syllables of a scale system of arch i viola da lira (ar'-ki-vfi-o'-la da six sounds called a hexachord and inle'-ra) It. The name given to a large lyre furwho lived vented by Guido Are tin us from 995 or d'Arezzo, to 1050. In 770 nished with about twenty-four strings and capable of producing ba tones. Paulus Diaconus, the first important Also called lirone. historian of the Middle Ages, wrote a archlute hymn in honor of the festival of St. A theorbo or double-necked lute, John the Baptist. The words were as having a special large body and being follows: more than four feet high. The double Ut queant lax is Res on are fibris neck has two sets of tuning pins, the Mira gestorum Famuli tuorum upper, which has the ba strings, con- Solve polluti Labii reatum taining ten pins and the lower about Sancte Johannes. fourteen. Its strings of catgut or To the notes: metal were often tuned in pairs and CDF D E D had a range of two octaves upward EFGE DECD from G below the ba clef. The body GAGFE FGD had ornamented sounding-holes and to D D C D E E the neck were fastened frets of gut or FGA GFEDD wire. The necks and backs of these A G A F G A A instruments were often elaborately G F E D C E D ornamented. It was popular in the Thus it will be seen that the first Seventeenth Century for the lowest syllables Ut, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, of part in instrumental music and accomthe divisions, represented the first six paniments, especially in combination notes of the scale in their natural with the clavicembalo to accompany order. Ut=C, Re=D, Mi=E, Fa=F, recitative. Sol=G, La=A. This fact became aparci (ar'-ch!) It. parent to Guido and on it he formed Equivalent to arch i (Lat), which his hexachord which became the founsee. dation of the modern octave scale. arc i cembalo (ar-ch!-cham-ba'-16) It. n. Later on the seventh note Si=G was See arch i cembalo. added. Do was substituted for the arciliuto (ar-chel-yoo'-to) It. word Ut in every country but France, The same as archlute. and up to the present time this system arco (ar'-ko) It. n. of monosyllables is used to designate the seven notes of the scale, The bow. ColJ'arco or arco, to contradict pizzicato, means that used the argent in (ar-zhan-an) Fr. adj. bow is again to be used in playing Silver-like: silvery, clear, bright. instead of the fingers. Silver-tone. ardente (ar-den'-te) It. adj. aria (a'-ri-a) It. n. Ardent; fiery, pa ionate, amorous. Primarily an air or melody; a song; ardentemente (ar-den-te-men'-te) It. a melodic composition, usually elaboadv. rate, designed for a solo voice with Ardently; vehemently, spiritedly. instrumental accompaniment. ardenti imo (ar-den-tis-si-mo) It. aria concertante (a'-ri-a kon-cher-tan'- adj. te) It. Very ardent; fiery, vehement. aria It. concert at a (a'-ri-a kon-cher-ta'-tii)