twig pruner (twig proner)

A longicorn beetle of the genus Elaphidion. The larvæ of the parallel twig-pruner, E. parallelum, live in the twigs of oak-and apple-trees and other forest and fruit-trees in the northern United States, and pupate in their burrows. The beetles oviposit by preference in the cut ends of twigs, and larvæ work into the live wood by boring down the center. See cut under Elaphidion, and compare tuig - borer. twig-rush (twig'rush), n. A plant of the cyperaceous genus Cladium, this name as well as the genus name referring to the repeatedly branching cyme of the original species, C. Mariscus. This is a tall perennial rush-like plant with long slender leaves toothed on the edges and the keel, found in bogs in most temperate and some tropical regions. It occurs in the western United States, and in the southern if the similar C. effusum (see saw - gra ) be included in it. C. mariscoides grows northward in North America. There are in all about 33 species. Twye lyghte, be-fore the day. Diluculum. Twye lyghte, a-fore the nyzhte. Crepusculum. Prompt . Parv., p. 505. Twilight no other thing is, Poets say, Then the last part of night, and first of day. Herrick , Hesperides, Twilight. Now came still evening on, and twilight gray Had in her sober livery all things clad. 2. Hence, any faint light; partial darkne ; shade. Through many a woodland dun, Through buried paths, where sleepy twilight dreams The summer time away. Keats , Endymion, ii. The oak and birch, with mingled shade, At noontide there a twilight made. What shall I do? what conduct shall I find To lead me through this twy - light of my mind? but pa over one and under two, over one and under three, or over one and under eight or ten, according to the kind of twill. The next weft-thread takes a set oblique to the former, throwing up one of the two deposed by the preceding. The effect of this is to pro- duce the appearance of parallel diagonal lines or ribs over the whole surface of the cloth; but the regularity of the parallel lines is broken in various ways in what is termed fanciful twilling . The goods so manufactured are strong- er than those made by plain weaving. In twilled cloth the number of heddles used is equal to the number of threads contained in the interval between two inter sec- tions of the warp and weft, as when every third thread is to be interwoven three leaves are used, for six threads six leaves, etc. Twills are called, according to the number of leaves employed in the weaving, three - leaf twill , six - leaf twill , etc. Special duties were charged upon Scotch linens called twill and ticking, on importation into England. S. Dowell , Taxes in England, II. 61. 2. The raised line made by twilling. A right hand twill is said to appear much bolder if the thread be twisted to the right hand. Colored twill, a stout cotton material made in all prin cipal colors, and employed for linings of curtains and em- broideries. It will not bear washing.-French twill. See French.- Full twills, twilled fabrics of cotton and woolen, usually of plain color. - Herring-bone twill. See herring- bone . Kirriemuir twill, a fine twilled linen cloth manufactured in Scotland, and often used as a back- ground for embroidery. twill2 (twil), n. [A var. of quill1 ; cf. twilt for quilt.] A reed; a quill; a spool to wind yarn on. [Prov. Eng.] A Twill ; a Spoole; from Quill. In the South they call it winding of Quills, because anciently, I suppose, they wound the Yarn upon Quills for the Weavers, though now they use Reeds. Ray, Eng. Words (1691), p. 77. twill2 (twil), v. t. [ IMG:content-1144.png:[blocks in formation] On old Lycæus, or Cyllene hoar, Trip no more in twilight ranks. Milton , Arcades, 1. 99. When twilight dews are falling soft Upon the rosy sea. The great fat pincushion lined with pink inside, and twilled like a lady's nightcap. Thackeray , Vanity Fair, xvi. twill3 (twil), prep . and conj . A dialectal var i- 'twill (twil). A contraction of it will . twilled (twild), a. [An uncertain word, used only in the following pa age. If correctly printed in the original, it may be twill1 + -ed2, meaning 'ridged, terraced, or, as com- mentators say, 'hedged'; or twill2 + -ed2, meaning then 'reeded, reedy. But it is not likely that Shakspere ever used twill2 for quill .] See the etymology. Thy banks with pioned and twilled brims, Which spongy April at thy hest betrims. Shak ., Tempest, iv. 1. 64. twilt (twilt), n. [A var. of quilt , as twill2 for quilll .] A quilt. [Prov. Eng. and Scotch.] Beds of state, twilts , pands and testors, napery and broidered wark. Scott , Bride of Lammer moor, xxvi. twinne, twynne, getwin , double (pl. ge- twinnas , twins) (= Icel. tvinnr , trennr , two and two, twin), in), twi- , two: see twi- . Cf. twinling . See also twincl .] I. a. 1t. Two; twain. Forr Crist i bathe Godd & mann, an had off twinne kinde. Ormulum , 1. 1361 (Morris and Skeat, I. 52). A wain thai had thair gere wit-in, That draun was wit oxen tuin . Cursor Mundi, 1. 278 (Morris and Skeat, II. 78). Thou do to gedder x. and ij. The laghis [laws] twin sal thou finde squa [so]. the Admiralty list called a " twin -screw cruiser," as from her great powers of speed she well may be. Fortnightly Rev. , N. S., XLIII. 390. Twin steam-engine, an adaptation of the steam-engine in which two complete engines are a ociated to perform the same work; a duplex engine. Twin steamer, a form of steam-ve el occasionally employed in ferries, the deck, etc., being supported on two distinct hulls which are placed some distance asunder, with the paddle-wheels be- tween them.- Twin valve, a form of valve with a double connec- tion, used at the discharge orifice of a pump, and serving the double purpose of supplying water to a steam- boiler and to a line of hose or pipe. E. H. Knight . II. n. 11. Two; twain; a pair; a couple. The scharp of the schalk schyndered the bones, & schrank thurz the schyire grece, & scade hit in twynne . Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), L. 425. Hit is brused, other broken, other byten in twynne. Alliterative Poems (ed. Morris), ii. 1047. I saw the roote in great disdaine A twinne of forked trees send forth againe. 2. One of two; one of a pair or couple linked together by a particular tie or relation; the mate, counterpart, or fellow of another; spe- cifically, one of two creatures produced at a birth: said of the young both of human beings and of beasts. He was most princely: ever witne for him Those twins of learning that he raised in you, Ipswich and Oxford. Shak ., Hen. VIII., iv. 2. 58. Time and Place are twinnes and vnseparable comp an- ions. Purchas , Pilgrimage, p. 50. IMG:content-1145.png:[blocks in formation] Not ev'n her brother Arac, nor the twins Her brethren. Tennyson, Prince , i. 3. A compound crystal one part of which is in a reversed position with reference to the other, as if it had been revolved through 180° about an axis (twinning-axis) perpendicular to a plane which is called the twi twinning - plane , and is usually a fundamental plane of the given crystal. Thus if (fig. 1) one half of the octahedron as indicated is revolved through 180° about a vertical axis, IMG:content-1146.png:[blocks in formation] 2. Consisting of two separate, closely related, plane being here a face of the octahedron; such twins are and equal members; twofold; double; specifi- cally, consisting of or forming twins or a pair: as, twin children. the twinned octahedron of fig. 2 results, the twinning- common with spinel, and are hence called spinel twins , This is also called a juxtaposition- or contact - twin , in dis- tinct i on from a penetration - twin , such as is represented in fig. 3, where each crystal is complete and in terpene- trates the other. If the molecu- lar reversal is often repeated in the growth of a crystal, a poly- synthetic twin may result, consist- ing of succe ive thin layers or 3. One, each, or either of two; one of a pair, lamellæ of two sets, alternately specifically of two born at a birth: as, a twin brother or sister. The water up-stod, thurgh godes migt, On twinne half, also a wal up-rigt. Genesis and Exodus (E. E. T. S.), 1. 3248. A Boat twin -sister of the crescent-moon! Words worth, Peter Bell. 4. In bot . , growing in pairs; didymous.-5. Consisting of two chief parts alike, or nearly alike, and held firmly together: as, a twin bot- tle; a twin vase. The plural is used in the same sense: as, twin vases.-6. In entom ., geminate: applied to spots, punctures, spines, etc., which are close together in pairs, and distant from others. The Twin Brothers or Brethren, Castor and Pollux; the Twins. These be the Great Twin Brethren To whom the Dorians pray. in reversed position to each other. This is common among the plagioclase feldspars, and is the cause of the fine striation often observed on a cleavage-sur- face. (See albite twin and pericline twin , below.) When the angle between the axes of the two parts of the twin crystal is an aliquot part of 360°, repeated twinning may occur (thus, 3 x 120°, 4 x 90°, 5 x 72°, etc., complete the form); the resulting compound crystal may then imitate (mimetic form) a form of higher symmetry than belongs to the sin- gle crystal, and hence be a case of pseudosymmetry: for example, the twins of aragonite (which has a prismatic angle not far from 120°) have often the form of a pseudo- hexagonal crystal; the six-rayed stellate twins of ceru- site give another common example of a repeated twin. In some cases the imitation is so perfect that the true nature of the form can be determined only by an inves- tigation in polarized light. - Albite twin, a kind of twin common with albite and the other triclinic feldspars, where the twinning-plane is the brachydiagonal plane of the crystal, and the twinning gives a reentrant angle on The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century dictionary the basal plane or surface of most perfect cleavage: such twins are usually polysynthetic, and give rise to a series of fine lines seen on the basal cleavage-face. - Baveno twin, a kind of twin crystal of orthoclase feldspar, first noted in crystals from Baveno in Italy. The twinning plane is a clinodome inclined about 45° to the base, and the twin has nearly the form of a square prism. - Carls- bad twin, a name given to the common twin crystals of orthoclase feldspar often observed in granites, tra- chytes, and other crystalline rocks, as at Carlsbad in Bohemia. The twinning-axis is here the vertical crystal- lographic axis, and the twins are commonly of the pene- tration type. In twint, a twint, in two; apart. The kyng depertid his pupull, put hom in twyn, In batels on his best wise for boldyng hym-seluyn. When now no more the alternate Twins are fired And Cancer reddens, with the solar blaze, Short is the doubtful empire of the Night. twin1 (twin), v.; pret. and pp. twinned , ppr. twinning. [ We were as twinn'd lambs that did frisk i' the sun. Shak., W. T., 1. 2. 67. In Gemini that noble power is shown That twins their hearts, and doth of two make one. B. Jonson, Hue and Cry. IMG:content-1148.png:[blocks in formation] He that is approved in this offence, Though he had twinn'd with me, both at a birth, Shall lose me. Shak., Othello, ii. 3. 212. Were it to plot against the fame, the life Of one with whom I twinned . IMG:content-1149.png:[blocks in formation] twin-cylinder (twin's il"in-dėr), a. Having twin cylinders: as, a twin- cylinder engine. IMG:content-1150.png:[blocks in formation] twindle (twin'dl), n. [Var. of * twinnle , dim. of twin1.] A twin. [Prov. Eng.] In the same book [F. Sparry's "Geomancie of Maister Christopher Cattan"] the word twindle (Fr. Gemeaux) oc- curs for the sign Gemini, two twins in one. Is it known elsewhere? N. and Q., 7th ser., X. 486. twindle-pippint, n. A double pippin. I dream'd my husband, when he came first a woing, Came i' th' liknes of a Kentish twindle - pippen . Sampson's Vow Breaker (1636). ( Nares .) twinel (twin), n. and a. [Early mod. E. also twyne ; twine , twyne , twin , double thread, twin (= D. twijn ; cf. Icel. tvinni ), a double thread, twi- , two: see twi- . Cf. twin1.] I. n. 1. A double thread; a thread made of two strands twisted; hence, any coarse strand or cord, or, by extension, a fabric woven of such threads; in modern use, a cord composed of several strands, especially when made of hemp or manila; also, a strong thread made of hemp or cotton, used in sewing sails. Of there hude [hide] he kærf enne thwong,. Nes [nor was] the thwong noht swithe bræd [broad], Buten swulc a twines thræd. Layamon (MS. Cott. Calig., A, ix.), 1. 14220. No shetes clene, to lye betwene, Made of threde and twyne . Ther hit onez is tachched, twynne wil hit neuer. Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight (E. E. T. S.), 1. 2512. 2. The act of twining or twisting; spinning. My saule, ihesu, take I to thee When my body and it sal twynne. Thy faith and troth thou sall na get, And our true love shall never twin . As she some web wrought, or her spindles twine She cherish'd with her song. Chapman , Ody ey, x. 306. Clerk Saunders (Child's Ballads, II. 50). 3. A curving, winding, or twisting movement or form; a convolution; a coil; a twist. With an yvie twyne his waste is girt about. Spenser, F. Q., I. vi. 14. Dancing chearely in a siluer twine. Tourneur , Trans. Metamorphosis, Epil. Typhon huge ending in snaky twine . Milton , Nativity, 1. 226. Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.), 1. 2747. It seith, "Allas! whi twynned be we tweyne?" Chaucer , Troilus, v. 679. When two lovers love each other weel, Great sin it were them to twinn . twining. [ twinen , twynen = D. twijnen (cf. Icel. tvinna = Sw. tvinna = Dan. tvinde ) , twine, twist, lit. 'double,' twin , a double thread: see twine1, n.] I. trans. 1. To make double, as thread, by twisting two strands together; hence, to twist; intertwine. To a torc he other to a taper the Trinite is likened, As wexe and a weke were twyned to-gederes, And fuyr flaumed forth of hem bot he. These Rufflers after a year or two at the farthest be- come Upright men, unle they be prevented by twined hemp. Harman , Caveat for Cursetors, p. 15. 2. To form of twisted threads or filaments; make by intertwining; in general, to weave. Take aff, take aff his costly jupe (Of gold well was it twin'd ). The plant [Amellus) in holy garlands often twines The altars' posts, and beaut if les the shrines. Let wreaths of triumph now my temples twine. Pope , R. of the L., iii. 161. 5. To interweave; interlock; intermingle; mix; blend. And all-fore-seeing God in the same Line Doth oft the god-le with the godly twine . Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Decay. The light soul twines and mingles with the growths Of vigorous early days. Tennyson, Lover's Tale, i. 2. To wind; curl; coil; specifically, of plants, to grow in convolutions about a support. See twining . And, as she runs, the bushes in the way... Some twine about her thigh to make her stay. Shak., Venus and Adonis, 1. 873. Gay, Trivia, iii. 38. Aft ha'e I roved by bonnie Doon, To see the rose and woodbine twine . Because it twineth and casteth not, it is pa ing good for hinges and hookes, for sawne bords, for ledges in dores and gates. Holland, tr. of Pliny, xvi. 40. 4. To make turns or flexures; wind; meander. As rivers, though they bend and twine. Swift . Nae gowden stream thro' myrtles twines . Burns, On Pastoral Poetry. twine2 (twin), v . [Var. of twin2.] I. trans. 11. To separate; divide; part. And sighing says this lady fair, "They shou'd gar twa loves twine." Heywood , Prologues and Epilogues (Works, ed. 1874, VI. 21. To turn. [352). 5. An intertwining or interlacing; a tangle; a snarl. So multiplied were reasons pro and con, Delicate, intertwisted, and obscure, That law were shamed to lend a finger-tip To unravel, readjust the hopele twine . Th' Vnitie dwels in God, ith' Fiend the Twine. Towneley Mysteries, p. 49. Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, ii., The Magnificence. She's taen out her little penknife, And twinn'd the sweet babe o' its life. Paper twine, wrapping-twine made of long, continuous strips of paper, stretched, twisted, and sometimes sized or She shrikes, and twines away her sdaignefull eyes From his sweet face. Right on the front he gaue that ladie kinde A blow so huge, so strong, so great, so sore, That out of sense and feeling downe she twinde.