transshipment

[TRANSHIPMENT.] trăns-tra, s. pl. [Lat.] [TRANSOM.] Roman Arch. The principal horizontal timbers in the roof of a building. ( Gwilt.) *trăn-sub-stan-ti-āte (ti as shi), *tran-substan-ci-ate, v . t . [Low Lat. transubstantiatus , pa. par. of transubstantio = to change the substance of; trans = acro (hence, implying change), and subs tanti a =substance (q. v.); Fr. transubstantier ; declares "that by the consecration of the bread and wine the whole substance of the bread is changed into the substance of the body of Christ and the whole substance of the wine into the substance of his blood, which change is properly and fitly called Transubstantiation by the Holy Catholic Church." That is to say, the accidents of the bread and wine which are perceived by the senses conceal the body and blood of Christ, and not the substances of bread and wine. In canon 4 ( de sac. Euch . Sac .) the Council defines "that under each species" ( i . e .. of bread and wine), "and under each particle of each species, Christ is contained whole and entire." Roman theologians found their proof of this doctrine on the discourse of Jesus after the miracle of the loaves and fishes (John vi. 32-71), on the words of institution (Matt. xxvi. 26-29, Mark xiv. 22-25, Luke xxii. 19, 20), and on the words of St. Paul (1 Cor. x. 16-21), and on patristic testimony, claiming that the doctrine is apostolic, though the word itself only came into use in the eleventh century, in the controversy between Beren gari us and Lanfranc, in which the former denied and the latter a erted a change of substance in the Eucharistic elements. Transubstantiation implies a Real Presence, though belief in the Real Presence (of Christ in the Eucharist) does not nece arily involve a belief in Transubstantiation. The Luther an view of the Eucharist is called Comp a nation, or Consubstantiation, and admits a Real Presence without a change of substance. The Calvin is tic view is that the presence of Christ depends on the faith of the recipient. Article xxviii. of the Anglican Church is apparently Calvin is tic, and condemns Transubstantiation as "repugnant to the plain words of Scripture;" but the belief and practice of a large number of her clergy and laity is, to say the least, much the same as the Luther an. [TRACTARIAN ISM.] Dr. Pusey ( Eirenicon , p. 229) goes so far as to say that the dispute between Anglicans and Romanists in this matter is "probably a dispute about words."