lichen aceæ, lichen ace i

pl. [Mod. Lat. lichen; Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -aceæ, or masc. -ace i.] 1. Botany : (1) Of the form Lichenacese: An order of plants generally made identical with the alliance Lichen ales of Lindley, however, now being reduced to an order of Fungales. They are akin to Ascomy lick 1i-chen-ol-o-gist, s . [Eng. lichenolog(y), and suff -ist .) One versed in or practicing lichenology. li-chen-ol-ô-gỹ, lich-en-ol-ô-ģỹ, subst . [Gr. leichen a lichen, and logos =a discourse.] A treatise on lichens; that branch of botany which deals with the description and cla ification of lichens. li-chen-oŭs, lich-en-ous, a. [English lichen ; IMG:content-0531.png:[blocks in formation] tion. From fungi in general they are distinguished by deriving their nourishment not from the medium in which they grow but from the surrounding atmosphere; by their slow development and long endurance; and by their producing gonidia, which in certain circumstances are reproductive. Berkeley, ., divide them into Angiocarpei, which have the fruit contracted like a Sphæria; and Gymnocarpei, which have the fruit expanded like Peziza. (2) Of the form Lichen ace i: The name given by Nylander not to the whole Lichen order, or alliance, but to a section of it, containing species Epiconoidei, in which the spores ultimately dust which are not gel a tiro us. He divides it into (1) the shields, as Calicium; (2) Cladonioidei, having a stem-shaped thallus; (3) Ramalodei, having a shrubby thallus, as Usnei; (4) Phyllode i, having a leafy thallus, as Parmelia; (5) Placodei, having a crustaceous thallus, as Lecidea; and (6) Pyrenodei, having a capsule-like fruit. ( Berkeley , .) [LICHEN A LES.] 2. Palæont .: Lichens first appear in the Miocene. li-chen-ā-lēs, s. pl . [Mod. Lat. lichen, Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff. -ales .] Bot.: An alliance of Thallogens established by Lindley. It consists of cellular flowerle plants, nourished through their whole surface by the medium in which they vegetate, living in air, propagated by spores usually inclosed in asci, and always having green gonidia in their thallus. They are peren nial plants, often spreading over the surface of the earth or rocks or trees in dry places in the form of a lobed and foliaceous, or hard and crustaceous, or leprous thallus.