teredine (teredin)

[ teredo (tē-rē'dō), n. [L. teredo , τερηδών , a worm that gnaws wood, etc., a moth, terebra .] 1. A lamelli- branch mollusk of the genus Teredo , family Teredinidæ; the ship-worm, T. naval is , conspic- uous for the destruction which it occasions to ships and submerged wood, by perforating them in all directions in order to establish a habitation. It is a worm-shaped grayish-white ani mal, most of whose length is owing to the elongation of the united siphons or breathing-tubes conveying wa ter to the gills. The two valves of the shell are small. The vis- cera are mainly con- tained within the valves. In excavating in the wood (the shell is the boring-instrument) every individual is care- ful to avoid the tube formed by its neighbor, and often a very thin leaf of wood alone is left between the cavities, which are lined with a calcareous incrustation. Piece of Wood Perforated by Teredos. Many methods in Terek ( Terekia cinerea). terete (te-rēt'), a . [Formerly also teret ; = Sp. terete , teres ( teret- ), round, smooth, terebra , trite .] Slender and smooth, with a circular transverse section; cylindrical or slightly tapering. See cut under petiole . Nature hath made them [the stars] round and teret like a globe. Fother by , Atheomastix (1622), p. 326. Terete pronator. Same as teretipronator . teretial (tērē'shal), a . [ terete + -ial .] Same as terete. Owen . [Rare.] tereticaudate (ter"e-ti-ka'dāt), a. [L. teres (teret-), round, + cauda , a tail: see caudate .] Round-tailed; having a terete tail: specifically said of certain reptiles of a former group Tere- ticaudati. teretipronator (ter"ē-ti-pro-nā'tor), n. [ teres ( teret- ), round, + pronator .] The round pronating muscle of the forearm; the pronator radii teres. See pronator. Coues, 1887.. teretiscapularis (ter"ē-ti-skap-ū-lā'ris), n .; pl. teretiscapulares (-rēz). [NL., teres ( teret- ), terete, + scapular is .] The greater terete mus- cle of the shoulder-blade, commonly called teres major. See teres . Coues , 1887. Teretistris (ter-e-tis'tris), n . [NL. (Cabanis, 1855), τερετίζειν , whistle: often mi pelled Teretristis.] A genus of American warblers, or Mniotiltidæ , peculiar to Cuba, and of 2 species, T. fern and inæ (Lembeye) and T. fornsi (Gund- lach), respectively of the western and eastern parts of the island. They are small and plain- colored birds, 40 inches long. teretoust (ter'e-tus), a. [L. teres (teret-), round, smooth, + -ous.] Same as terete . tergiverset (tėr'ji-vèrs), v. i. [ tergiverser = Sp. Pg. tergiversar = It. tergiversare , tergiversari , turn one's back, decline, refuse, evade, shift, tergum , back, + versari , turn: see verse .] To turn one's back; tergiversate. The Briton never tergivers'd , But was for adverse drubbing. IMG:content-0112.png:[graphic] about, a freq. form, prob. connected with terve .] fied tergal pieces of one of the abdominal rings. To roll about; wallow. Stratmann. terga, n. Plural of tergum . tergal (ter'gal), a . [L. tergum , back, + -al .] 1. Of or pertaining to the back in general; dor- sal; notæal: the opposite of sternal or ventral , Specifically-2. In entom . , of or pertaining to a notum, tergum, or tergite.-3. In echinoderms, dorsal in the sense of aboral; coronal: the op- posite of ventral or oral : as, the tergal plates of a starfish.-4. In trilobites, of or pertaining to the axis or tergum. See cut under Trilobita . - Tergal facet, the smooth dorsal anterior surface of the somite of a crustacean, over which the posterior un- der surface of a preceding somite glides in flexion and ex- tension of the abdomen. tergant (ter'gant), a . [Heraldic F., ter- gum , back: see tergum .] In her ., turning the back toward the spectator. See recurs ant. Also tergiant . tergatet, n. An obsolete form of target . He pulled a tergate from one of his souldiours, and cast- ynge it in to the water, standynge on it, with his spere conuaied hym selfe with the streme. tergeminate (ter-jem'i-nāt), a. [L. ter , thrice, + gem in at us , doubled: see geminate .] Thrice double: specifically applied in botany to a com- pound leaf having at the base a pair of leaflets and then forking, with a pair on each branch, as in Calliandra tergemina . tergeminous (ter-jem'i-nus), a. [L. tergemi- nus , threefold, triple, ter , thrice, + geminus , born at the same time, twin: see gemini .] Ter- tergiferous (tér-jif'e-rus), a. [ ferre ing or bearing on the back; dorsigerous or dor- tergite (ter'jīt), n. [ tergum , the back, + ite2 .] The tergum, dorsum, or back of one of the somites or segments of an articulated animal, as an arthropod. A typical tergite consists of a pair of plates or pieces, right and left; but these be- come fused, and also a number of succe ive tergites may blend together, as in the cephalothorax of a crustacean. tergitic (ter-jit'ik), a. [ tergite + -ic.] Ter- gal or al or dorsal, as a sclerite; of or pertaining to a tergite. tergiversate ersate (tėr'ji-vér-sāt), v . i .; pret. and pp. tergiversated , ppr. tergiversating . [L. tergiver sat us , pp. of tergiversari , turn one's back, shift: see tergiverse.] To shift; practise evasion; make use of shifts-or subterfuges. to the Platonick theology were not so defensible a thing, doth himself sometime, as it were, tergiversate and decline it, by equivocating in the word Henades, taking them for the ideas, or the intelligible gods before mentioned. Cudworth, Intellectual System, II. 361. [F. tergiversation (tėr"ji-vėr-sā'shon), n. tergiversation = Sp. tergiversacion = Pg. tergi- vers ação = It. tergiversazione , tergiversa- tio (n-), a shifting, evasion, lit. a turning of one's back, tergiversari , pp. tergiversatus , turn one's back: see tergiversate .] 1. The act of tergiver- sating; a shirting; shift; subterfuge; evasion. Writing is to be preferred before verbal conferences, as being freer from pa ions and tergiversation . 2. The act of changing one's opinions or of turning from them; the act of turning against a cause formerly advocated; ficklene or in- stability of conduct. Thrust les, terins , and mavys, That songen for to wynne hem prys. term (term), n. [Early mod. E. also tearm , ear- lier terme ; terme , terme , also in le vernacular form termine = Pr . terme = Sp. término = Pg. termino = It. termino , termine = D. termijn = G. Sw. Dan. term in , terminus , OL. also termo (term on-), termen (term in-), a also a time period, also a definition, word, bound, boundary, limit, end, ML. (and Rom.) covenant, etc.; = Gr. τέρμων ( τερμον- ), τέρμα (τερ- ματ-). a boundar Γ. τέρμων (τε ματ- ), a boundary-line, limit; prob. akin to E. thrum1, tram1. From L. terminus are also ult. E. terminus , terminal , terminate , termine, deter- mine, determinate, etc., conterminous , etc.] 1. A IMG:content-0113.jpg:[graphic] IMG:content-0114.jpg:[ocr errors][ocr errors] Jer. Taylor , Works (ed. 1835), I. 885. At the decline of day, Winding above the mountain's snowy term, New banners shone. IMG:content-0115.png:[blocks in formation] Yet ought mens good endevours them confirme, And guyde the heavenly causes to their constant terme . Spenser, F. Q., III. iii. 25. 4t. A figure of Terminus, the god of bound a- ries; a terminal figure. See terminus , 3. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century dictionary term The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century dictionary which something runs its course, or lasts or is intended to last: as, he was engaged for a term of five years; his term of office has expired. This lady, that was left at home, Hath wonder that the king ne come Hoom, for hit was a longe terme. 6241 (b) In algebra, a part of an expre ion joined to the rest by the sign of addition, or by that of subtraction considered as adding a negative quantity. Thus, in the expre ion xa +by+z (u+v), the first term is xa + b, the second is y, and the third is z (u + v), equivalent to the sum of two terms zu and zv. Chaucer, Death of Blanche, 1. 79. 10. In logic , a name, especially the subject or A spirit, To whom, for certaine tear me of yeares, t' inherit His ease and pleasure with a bound ant wealth, He hath made sale of his soules dearest health. Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.), p. 53. When a race has lived its term it comes no more again. Emerson, Conduct of Life. Specifically- ( a ) In universities, colleges, and schools, one of certain stated periods during which instruction is reg- ularly given to students or pupils. At the University of Cambridge, England, there are three terms in the univer- sity year-namely, Michael mas or October term, Lent or January term, and Easter or midsummer term. At the Uni- versity of Oxford there are four terms-namely, Michael- mas, Hilary, Easter, and Trinity. In American universi- ties and colleges there are usually three terms, beginning in September, January, and April, and called first, second, and third, or fall, winter, and spring terms respectively. (b) In law , the period during which a court of justice may hold its se ions from day to day for the trial of causes; a part of the year in which the justices of the supe- rior common-law courts of general jurisdiction hold ses- sions of the courts, as distinguished from vacations, during which, on religious and busine grounds, attendance at the courts cannot be required from parties or witne es. The importance of the distinction between term time and vacation, in both American and English law, is in the fact that for the just protection of the public a court can only exist and exercise its powers within the time as well as at the place prescribed by law; and, while many ministerial acts, such as the bringing of actions, and the course of pleading, the entry of judgment, the i ue of proce , etc., can be carried on in the clerk's office upon any secular day, actual se ions of the court itself can only be held during term time. In England, before the present judicature act, the law terms were four in number-namely, Hilary term (compare Hilarymas ), beginning on the 11th and ending on the 31st of January; Easter term, from about the 15th of April to the 8th of May; Trinity term, from the 22d of May to the 12th of June; and Michael mas term, from the 2d to the 25th of November. These have now been super- seded as terms for the administration of justice by "sit- tings," bearing similar names. For the High Court of Jus- tice in London and Middle sex the Hilary sittings extend from the 11th of January to the Wednesday before Easter, the Easter sittings from the Tuesday after Easter week to predicate of a nected with another name by a relation; a correlative. The word term, in its Latin form terminus, was used by Boëthius to translate Aristotle's ὅρος, probably borrowed by him from the nomenclature of mathematical proportions. Aristotle says: "I call a term that into which a proposition is resolved, as the predicate or that of which it is predicated." The implication is that a proposition is composed of two terms; but this is incorrect. For, on the one hand, no complex of terms can make a proposition; for a term expre es a mere abstract conception, while a proposition expre es the compulsion of a reality, and so is true or false; and, on the other hand, a proposition need contain but one term, as [the fool has said in his heart] "There is no God"; and indeed the abstract or conceptual part of any proposition may be regarded as a single complex term, as when we expre "No man is mortal" in the form "Anything whatever is either-non-man-or-mortal." Hence-11. A word or phrase expre ive of a definite conception, as distinguished from a mere particle or syncategorematic word; a word or phrase particularly definite and explicit; especially, a a word or phrase used in a recognized and definite meaning in some branch of science. Thus, a contradiction in terms is an explicit contradiction; to expre one's opinion in set terms is to state it explicitly and directly. proposition; also, also, a name con They mowe wel chiteren, as doon thise jayes, And in her termes sette her lust and peyne, But to her purpos shul they never atteyne. Who Chaucer , Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 387. A fool rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, In good set terms ; and yet a motley fool. Shak., As you Like it, ii. 7. 16. The more general term is always the name of a le complex idea. Locke, Human Understanding, III. vi. 32. When common words are appropriated as technical terms, this must be done so that they are not ambiguous in their application. Whewell, Philos. Inductive Sciences (ed. 1840), I. lxx. 12. pl. Propositions stated and offered for terms of a treaty; hence, sometimes, conditions as regards price, rates, or charge: as, board and lodging on reasonable terms; on one's own terms; lowest terms offered. the Friday before Whit sunday, the Trinity sittings from acceptance; conditions; stipulations: as, the the Tuesday after Whitsun week to the 8th of August, and the Michael mas sittings from the 2d of November to the 21st of December. In termes hadde he caas and domes alle That from the tyme of King William were falle. Chaucer, Gen. Prol. to C. T., 1. 323. There are not Termes in Paris as in London, but one Terme only, that continueth the whole yeare. Coryat, Crudities, I. 40, sig. D. Doll. When begins the term ? Chart. Why? hast any suits to be tried at Westminster? Dekker and Webster , Northward Ho, i. 2. I went to the Temple, it being Michael mas Tearme . Evelyn, Diary, Oct. 15, 1640. The law terms were formerly the great times of resort to London, not only for busine , but pleasure. Greene calls one of his pamphlets "A Peale of New Villanies rung out, being Music all to all Gentlemen, Lawyers, Farmers, and all sorts of People that come up to the Tearme." Nares. .. (c) An estate or interest in land to be enjoyed for a fixed period: called more fully term of years, term for years. (d) The period of time for which such an estate is held. (e) In Scots law, a certain time fixed by authority of a court within which a party is allowed to establish by evidence his averment. 7. An appointed or set time. [Obsolete except in specific uses below.] Yif that ye the terme rekne wolde, As I or other trewe lovers sholde, I pleyne not, God wot, beforn my day. Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 2510. Merlin seide that the terme drough faste on that it sholde be do. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), iii. 563. Specifically-(a) A day on which rent or interest is payable. In England and Ireland there are four days in the year which are called terms, or more commonly quarter days, and which are appointed for the settling of rents namely, Lady day, March 25th; Midsummer, June 24th; Michael mas day, September 29th; and Christmas, December 25th. The terms in Scotland corresponding to these are Candle mas, February 2d; Whit sunday, May 15th; Lammas, August 1st; and Martin mas, November 11th. In Scotland houses are let from May 28th for a year or a period of years. The legal terms in Scotland for the payment of rent or interest are Whit sunday, May 15th, and Martin mas, November 11th, and these days are most commonly known as terms. (b) The day, occurring half-yearly, on which farm and domestic servants in Great Britain receive their wages or enter upon a new period of service. 8. The menstrual period of women. In times past no young man married before he slew an enemie, nor the woman before she had her termes, which time was therefore festiuall. Purchas, Pilgrimage, p. 847. 9. In math.: (a) The antecedent or consequent of a ratio. IMG:content-0118.png:[blocks in formation] In the Relation of Hæmons Death, his Love is related too, and that with all the Life and Pathos imaginable. But the Description is within the Terms of Honour. J. Collier, Short View (ed. 1698), p. 29. [Shakspere uses terms often in a loose, periphrastical way: as, "To keep the terms of my honour precise," M. W. of W., ii. 2. 22 (that is, all that concerns my honor); "In terms of choice I am not solely led by nice direction of a maiden's eye" (that is, with respect to the choice). In other cases it is used in the sense of 'point,' 'particular feature,' 'peculiarity': as, "All terms of pity," All's Well, ii. 3. 173.] 15. In astrol., a part of a zodiacal sign in which a planet is slightly dignified; an e ential dignity.- Absolute term. See absolute.- Abstract term, the name of a character or kind of fact, not of a thing. Thus, uniform acceleration is an abstract term, but material particle is a concrete term. - Act term. See act.-Ampliate term, a term whose denotation is extended beyond what ordinarily attaches to it. - Ampliative term, a term which extends the denotation of another. Thus, in the sentence "No man works miracles, nor ever did," the last word did is said to be an amplia tive term, because it extends the denotation of man to the men who formerly lived. - Attendant terms, long leases or mortgages held by the owner or his trustee as a distinct and additional title, to make his estate more secure. Robinson. - Categorematic or categoreumatic term, a term expre ive of a definite conception. - Circumduction of the term. See circumduction. -Common term, a general name; a name applicable to whatever there may or might be having certain general characters.- Complex term. See complex notion, under com plex. Concrete term, the name of a thing: opposed to abstract term (which see, above). - Conflictive, consonant, correlative terms. See the adjectives. Contradiction in terms. See contradiction, and def. 11. Definite term. See definite. - Denominative term, a term consisting of a word plainly derived from another word.-Discrete term. See discrete, 1. - Easter term. See def. 6 ( a ) and (b). - Equity term. See equity. Excording to the general principles of language, but which Proportionality consist eth at the least in three terms . Bucdid , Elements, tr. by Rudd (1651), bk. v., def. 9. [It is ponible term, a term which must not be interpreted ac[properly def. 8.] term bears a peculiar meaning not to be inferred from its formation. Such, for example, are most of the phrases of the differential calculus, according to the theory of limits.Extreme term of a syllogism, one of the terms which appears in the conclusion. - Familiar term, a word or phrase which bears or has borne a scientifically precise meaning, but which has been caught up by those who do not think with precision. Such are dynamic, objective, sanction, supply and demand, values (in painting), and so on. Finite term. See finite. - Fixed term, a term having a single well-settled meaning, as binomial theorem, principle of excluded middle, psychical research, life -insurance. General term, a term of court held by the full bench, or a sufficient number of judges to represent the full bench, for the purposes chiefly of appellate jurisdiction. [U.S.] - Hilary term. See def, 6 ( a ) and ( b ). - Indefinite term. See indefinite. - Intermediate terms. See intermediate. - In terms, in precise definite words or phraseology; in set terms; in a way or by means of expre ions that cannot be misunderstood; specifically; definitely. See def. 11. Pa ing ouer Tigris, [he] disturbed the Romane Prouince of Me so pot am i a, deuouring in hope, and threatning in tearmes , all those Asian Prouinces. Purchas , Pilgrimage, p. 356. In terms of. (a) In the language or phraseology peculiar to (something else). (b) In modes of: a common misuse as applied to modes of thought (properly, a term is opposed to an idea). Most persons, on being asked in what sort of terms they imagine words, will say " in terms of hearing." W. James , Prin. of Psychology, II. 63. Major term, that extreme of a syllogism which appears as the predicate of the conclusion. See syllogism. Michael mas term. See def. 6 (a) and (b). - Middle term, that term of a syllogism which occurs in both premises, but not in the conclusion. - Minor term, that extreme of a syllogism which appears as the subject of the conclusion. See syllogism. - Negative term, a term which determines its object by means of exclusions. Thus, immediate consciousne is a negative term, since it indicates the most simple and direct mode of thought by excluding that which is circuitous or sophisticated. - Outstanding term, in the English law of real property, a term of years, commonly one you sand or le , given, usually to trustees of a settlement, to secure, by way of lien or charge, income or other payments to one or more of the family to whom the settler of the trust desired to secure them, as paramount to his transfer of the estate subject thereto to a particular heir or other person. The effect of giving such a term in trust was, not to give the trustees po e ion immediate, but to give them the right to take the rents and profits, or to mortgage, etc., in case the principal grantee under the settlement failed to keep up the period payments required. In the course of years, after all the payments required had been made, and the object of the term was accomplished, if it did not by the provisions of the deed then cease, it continued to be an outstanding term, although "satisfied," until by recent legislation the ce ation of satisfied terms was provided for. Meanwhile, it was usual for purchasers of land subject to an outstanding term to take an a ignment of the term in such a way as not to merge it with the fee, but it, being thereafter "attendant upon the inheritance," was an ad ditional security for the title as against questions which might have arisen since the making of the settlement.Partial term, in the logical nomenclature of De Morgan. an undistributed term, or term not entirely excluded from any sphere by the proposition in which it occurs: opposed to total or distributed term. Both terms are partial in the propositions "Some X is Y" and "Everything is either an X or a Y." Both terms are total in the propositions "No X is Y" and "Something is neither X nor Y." The term X is partial and Y total in the propositions "Every Y is an X" and "Some X is not Y." - Positive term, privative connotative term, reciprocal terms, relative term, singular term. See positive, privative, etc. - Simple term, a term not compounded of other terms by logical addition and multiplication. - Speaking terms. See speak, v. i. - Special term, a term of court held by a single judge: commonly used in reference to a court held without a jury. Term of art, a word or phrase having a special signification in a certain branch of knowledge. Term of a substitution. See substitution. -Term of relation, a name or thing to which some other name or thing is considered as relative; an object of relation. Thus, in the expre ion mother of a boy, boy is the term of the relation of which mother is the subject. Term of resemblancet. See resemblance. Term of similitudet. Same as term of resemblance. Term of thought, that which is the conclusion or upshot of reflection or deliberation.- Terms in gro , terms vested in trustees for the use of persons not entitled to the freehold or inheritance. They pa to the personal representatives of the cestui que trust, are alienable, and are subject to debts, in the main, like legal estates. Minor. - Terms of sale. See sale1. The general term of a series. See series. Third term, the minor term of a syllogism. So called owing to Aristotle's usual form of statement. To bring to terms, to reduce to submi ion or to conditions. He to no Terms can bring One Twirl of that reluctant Thing. Congreve, An Impo ible Thing. To come to terms, to agree; come to an agreement; also, to yield; submit. - To eat one's terms. See eat. To keep a term, to give attendance during a term of study. See the second quotation. He will get enough there to enable him to keep his terms at the University. Bp. W. Lloyd , in Ellis's Lit. Letters, p. 188. A student, in order to keep a term , must dine in the hall of his inn three nights, if he be a member of any of the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, Durham, London, Dublin, Queen's (Belfast), St. Andrew's, Aberdeen, Glasgow, or Edinburgh. In all other cases he must dine six nights, being present in both instances at the grace before dinner, during the whole of dinner, and until the concluding grace shall have been said.. Slater . To keep Hilary termt, to be joyful or merry. term This joy, when God speaks peace to the soul, is in eff a bile gaudium. It gives end to all jars, doubts, and differences,. and makes a man keep Hilary - term all his life. Rev. T. Adams, Works, I. 68. To make terms, to come to an agreement. - To speak in termt, to speak in precise language, or in set terms. See def. 11. Seyde I nat wel? I can not speke in terme. Chaucer, Prol. to Pardoner's Tale, 1. 25. To stand upon one's termst, to insist upon conditions: followed by with. I had rather be the most easy, tame, and resigned believer in the most gro and imposing church in the world than one of those great and philosophical minds who stand upon their terms with God. Bp . Atterbury , Sermons, II. viii. Total term. See partial term , above. - Transcendent term, a term which signifies something not included under any of the ten predicaments, especially everything and nothing.-Trinity term. See def. 6 (a) and (b). -Vague term, a word or phrase sometimes used as a term, but without fixed meaning. =Syn. 11. Word, Term, Expres sion, Phrase, vocable, name. Word is generic; term and expre ion are specific: every term is a word; a phrase is a combination of words generally le than a sentence; an expre ion is generally either a word or a phrase, but may be a sentence. A term is, in this connection, especially a word of exact meaning: as, "phlebitis" is a medical term. See diction.