Mountain Structure

The geology of this, or Orography, including the origin and formation of mountain ma es, has proved an intricate problem, of which a few factors only can be given here. For the most part, mountains are the harder portions of the strata left in relief by the erosion of the softer. In some these strata are horizontal; in others the dips are all in one direction (monoclinal); in a few they dip both ways from the axis; occasionally the dip is quaquaversal, or in all directions from a central point; more frequently the