soap (sop)

[Early mod. E. also sope; Turk. sabun ) = W. se bon = Ir. siabunn = Gael. siopunn, soap), prob. = Dan. sæbe (Icel., etc., glycerin. On treating them with a strong base, like potash or soda, glycerin is set free, and the fatty acid combines with the strong base and forms a soap. Soap is of two kinds- soluble soap, in which the base is potash, soda, or ammonia, and insoluble soap, whose base is an earth or a metallic oxid. Only the soluble soaps di olve readily in water and have detergent qualities. Insoluble soaps are used only in pharmacy for liniments or plasters. Of the fats, stearates make the hardest, oleates the softest soaps; and of the bases, soda makes the hardest and least soluble, and potash the softest and most soluble. Perfumes are occasionally added, or various coloring matters are stirred in while the soap is semi-fluid. White soaps are generally made olive-oil and soda. house hold soaps are made chiefly of soda and tallomon Yellow soap is composed of tallow, rosin, and soda, to which some palm-oil is occasionally added. (See rosin - soap.) Mottled soap is made by simply adding mineral and other colors during the manufacture of ordinary hard soap. Marine soap, known as salt-water soap, which has the property of di olving as well in salt water as in fresh, is made of palm or cocoanut-oil and soda. Soft soaps are made with potash, instead of soda, and whale-, seal-, or olive-oil, or the of linseed, hemp-seed, rape-seed, etc., with the addition of a little tallow. Excellent soaps are made from camphor and a little e ential oil added to scent it, forms palm-oil and soda. A solution of soap in alcohol, with soft ointment called opodeldoc, superseded soap liniment, a similar preparation, which is liquid by soft cinal soap, when pure, is prepared from caustic soda and either olive or almond-oil. It is chiefly employed to form pills of a gently aperient antacid action. 21. A kind of pomade for coloring the hair. [Only as a translation of the Latin.] -3. Smooth words; persuasion; flattery: more often called soft soap. [Slang.] He and I are great chums, and a little soft soap will go a long way with him. T. Hughes , Tom Brown at Oxford, xxxiii. ( Davies .) 4. Money secretly used for political purposes. [Political slang, U. S.] Soap.- Originally used by the Republican managers during the campaign of 1880, as the cipher for "money" in their telegraphic dispatches. In 1884 it was revived as a derisive war cry aimed at the Republicans by their opponents. Mag . of Amer . Hist., XIII. 394. Almond-oil soap, a soap made of sodium hydrate and almond oil. Also called amygdaline soap Arsenical soap, a saponaceous preparation used in taxidermy to preserve skins from natural decay and from the attacks of insects. There are many kinds, all alike consisting in the impregnation of some kind of soap with arsenious acid or commercial arsenic. - Beef's-marrow soap, a soap of soda and animal oil. - Boiled soap. Same as grained soap. - Bone soap, a soap made from cocoanut-oil mixed with jelly from bones. - Butter soap, soap made from soda and butter; sapo butyric us. Calcium soap, a soap made either directly by saponifying fat with hydrate of lime, or by treating soluble soap with a solution of a salt of lime. It is used in the manufacture of stearin wax.Carbolic soap, a disinfectant soap containing 1 part of carbolic acid to 9 parts of soap.-Castile soap, a hard soap composed of soda and olive-oil, of two varieties: (1) white Castile soap, which contains 21 per cent, of water, is of a pale grayish-white color, giving no oily stains to paper, free from rancid odor, and entirely soluble in alcohol or water; and (2) marbled Castile soap, which is harder and more alkaline, contains 14 per cent. of water, and has veins or streaks of ferruginous matter running through it. Formerly also, erroneously, castle - soap; also Spanish soap. Roll but with your eyes And foam at the mouth. A little castle- soap Will do 't, to rub your lips. B. Jonson, Devil is an A , v. 3. Curd soap, soap made from soda and a purified animal fat consisting largely of stearin.- Fulling-soap, a soap used in fulling cloth, composed of 124 parts of soap, 54 of clay, and 110 of calcined soda-ash. - German soft soap. Same as gla Same as green soap. - Gla -makers' soap. soap.-Grained soap, soap remelted and worked over for toilet purposes. Green soap, an officinal preparation of soft soap, made from potash and linseed or hempseed oil, colored by indigo, and used in the treatment of eczema and other cutaneous diseases. - Gum soap, a soap prepared from potash and fixed oils. - Marine soap. See def. 1.Olive-oil soda-soap. Same as Castile soap. - Quicksilver soapt. See quicksilver plaster, under quicksilver. Silicated soap. See silicated. - Soap of guaiac, soap composed of liquor pota e and guaiac Soft soap, liquid soap, especially soap made with potash base: so called because it does not harden into cakes, but remains semi-fluid or ropy. The softest soap is made from IMG:content-1450.png:[blocks in formation] Some may present thee with a pounde or twaine Of Span is he soape to was he thy lynnen white. Gas coigne, Councell to Master With i poll. Starkey's soap, a soap made by triturating equal parts of pota ium carbonate, oil of turpentine, and Venice turpentine. - Transparent soap, a soap made of soda and kidney-fat, dried, then di olved in alcohol, filtered, and evaporated in molds. - Venice soap, a mottled soap made of olive-oil and soda, with a small quantity of iron or zinc sulphate in solution. Simmonds. - Windsor soap, a scented soap made of soda with olive-oil 1 part and tallow 9 parts. - Zinc soap, a soap obtained by the double decomposition of zinc sulphate and soap, or by saponifying zinc white with olive-oil or fat. It is used as an oil-color, as an ointment, and as zinc plaster. soap (sop), v. t. [ Bella soaped his face and rubbed his face, and soaped his hands and rubbed his hands, and splashed him and rinsed him and toweled him, until he was as red as beet root. Dickens, Our Mutual Friend, iv. 5. 2. To use smooth words to; flatter. [Slang.] These Dear Jacks soap the people shameful, but we Cheap Jacks don't. We tell 'em the truth about them selves to their faces, and scorn to court 'em. Dickens , Doctor Marigold. soap-apple (sõp'ap"l), n. Same as soap - plant . soap-ashes (sõp'ash"ez), n. pl . Ashes containing lye or potash, and thus useful in making soap. So drugs and sweet woods, where they are, cannot but yield great profit; soap ashes likewise, and other things that may be thought of. Bacon, Plantations (ed. 1887). soap-balls (sop'balz), n. pl . Balled soap, made by di olving a soap in a little hot water, mixing it with starch, and then molding the mixture into balls. The starch acts upon the skin as an emollient. In a dye-house, a ves 1. soapberries (-iz). soap-bark, soap-bark tree (sõp'bärk, -tre). See quillai and Pithecolobium. soap-beck (sõp'bek), n. sel filled with a solution of soap in water. The fruit of one of several species of Sapindus; soapberry (sop'ber'i), n.; pl. soapberri also, any of the trees producing it, and, by extension, any member of the genus. The fruit of the proper soapberries so abounds in saponin as to serve the purpose of soap. That of S. Saponaria, a small tree of South America, the West Indies, and Florida, is much used in the West Indies for cleansing linen, etc., and is said to be extremely efficacious, though with frequent use deleterious to the fabric. Its roots also contain saponin. Its hard black seeds are made up into rosaries and neck laces, and sometimes have been used as but to us. In the East Indies the fruit of S. trifoliatus appears to have been used as a detergent from remote times. The pulp is regarded also as astringent, anthelmintic, and tonic, and the seeds yield a medicinal oil. The wood is made into combs and other small articles. This species is some times called Indian filbert, translating the Mohammedan name. S. ( Dittelasma ) Rarak, of Cochin-China, etc., has also a detergent property. The wood of S. a cum in at us (S. margin at us ), of southern United States, etc., is hard and strong, easily split into strips, and in the southwest much used for making cotton-baskets and the frames of pack-saddles. Its berries are reddish-brown, of the size of a cherry, with a soapy pulp. Also called wild china-tree (which see, under china - tree ). The fruit of some species an edible pulp, though the seed is poisonous. spiral wings and an upright shaft with radial arms, to which a rotary motion is communicated by gearing. When the tank is filled with soap, the spiral wings act like screws, carrying up the heavier part of the materials toward the top, and thoroughly intermixing the whole.