Bastard

a. To determine to be a bastard. "She lived to see her two sons ..bastarded in their blood." Bacon . Bastard Bar. ( Her . ) See BATON. Fr. bâtir , for bastir , to build, to frame, to put together.] To put together the pieces of a garment by slight preparatory stitching; to sew with long stitches; to sew slightly. To brand or mark a sheep with tar, .- Used in some parts of England. and by liberating many prisoners. Among them was an old man named Latude, who had languished in confinement for 47 years. The benignant Louis had to atone for the crimes of his ancestors, and the demolition of the B. , which was one of the first signs of the forthcoming tempest of the Revolution, was hailed with equal surprise and joy by every well-wisher to freedom throughout the civilized world. On the 14th July, 1789, upwards of 12,000 citizens, chiefly of the lowest cla es, armed with whatever came to hand, and headed by the grenadier guards, summoned the detested fortre to surrender. M. de Launay, the governor, feigned compliance with their demands, and then suddenly opened fire upon them. Then arose the cry of vengeance. The people flocked to the scene of action. Cannon were brought to bear against the walls, and the place was carried by storm. The first act of the exasperated citizens was to set free the prisoners; the next, to ma acre governor and garrison. Directly after this memorable event, the municipality of Paris gave orders that the B. should be razed to the ground: and nothing now remains of this formidable instrument of tyranny but the retributive page of history, and the site on which the fortre stood, on which a large column has been erected to the memory of the heroes of the Revolution of July, 1830. - See CACHET (LETTRE DE). See Ravai on's Archi . of the B. , Paris, 1877. Bastinade', Bastina'do, n. [Fr. bastonnade , from bast on , bâton , a stick or club. A sound beating with a stick or cudgel; the blows given with a stick. "And all those harsh and rugged sounds Of bast in ados , cuts, and wounds." - Hudibras. Bastia, ( bas'te -a,) (anc. Mantinum ,) a fortified seaport town of Corsica, cap. of an arrond. on its E. coast, with- in 23 m. of its N.E. extremity; Lat. 42° 43′ N.; Lon. 90 26' E. The harbor is only acce ible to small ve els. Manf . Soap, leather, liquors, and wax. Pop . 21,234. Bas'tiat, FREDERIC, a French political economist, B. at Bayonne, 1801. He was one of the first leaders of the free-trade agitation in France, and published, after a visit to England, a translation of the speeches of the English Anti-Corn-Law agitators, with an introductory account of Cobden et la Ligue. Afterwards he edited the French journal founded for the propagation of free-trade doctrines. In 1848-9, he was succe ively member of the constituent and the legislative a emblies. His prin- cipal work is entitled Harmonies Economiques . D. 1850. Bas'tide, JULES, a French author and journalist, B. at Paris, 1800. He entered upon the legal profe ion, and v. a. To beat with a stick or cudgel; to inflict the pun- took an active part in the opposition to the Restoration. Taking part in the disturbances of the 5th and 6th June, 1832, he was obliged to seek an asylum in England. In his absence he was condemned to death, par contumace ; but on his return to France, two years afterwards, he underwent his trial, and was acquitted. For several years he then edited the " National ." On the 6th May, 1848, he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs; a post in which he was continued till the 10th Dec., by his friend, Gen. Cavaignac. He is the author of many political, philosophical, and scientific works; among them a treatise on Public Education in France, a History of the French Religious Wars , and a work entitled, The French Republic and Italy , Bru els, 1858. D. 1879. Bastile', n . [O. Fr. bastille , fortre , from bastir , bâtir , to build.] In its original sense, a wooden tower or fortalice temporarily used in warfare; a tower; a fortification. In England, this name is sometimes given to a poor-house. See BASTILLE. Bastille, ( bas - teel ',) THE. ( Hist . ) A former state-prison of France, similar to the Tower of London, and commenced in the reign of Charles V., 1370, by Hugh D'Aubriot, Mayor of Paris. It was not completed until 1383, and was afterwards improved and strengthened in such a manner, that it became one of the strongest fortre es of the kind in Europe. The discipline and the police regulations of this once famous and all-dreaded prison, were of the strictest kind; and the secrecy maintained as to the persons confined in it, caused it for centuries to be regarded with mingled feelings of awe and horror. Once within its walls, hope seemed left behind. The noblest, equally as the meanest of the land, were liable to be arrested and conveyed to it, unknown to their friends, unconscious of the offence imputed to them, and without any form of law and justice other than an order for their incarceration, termed a lettre de cachet , signed by the monarch or one of the secretaries of state. These orders were sometimes given on the request of a favorite courtier or of a royal mistre , with blanks for names to be filled up as they chose. Hence, they too frequently Fig . 305.-THE BASTILLE. (Paris.) became the instruments of mere caprice, or malevolent pa ions and revenge. Among the celebrated persons immured here, may be mentioned Voltaire, who was confined for nearly a year on suspicion of being the author of satires which had given the court offence. When the In the strict sense of the term, the punishment of the B. consists in the infliction of blows on the soles of the feet with a thick stick. Turkey and Ru ia are the only European countries in which this mode of punishment is sanctioned by law, and in both countries it is carried to a most unjustifiable extent, the sufferers being frequently maimed and injured for a considerable period, if not for life. In Ru ia, the instrument of torture is a heavy whip called the Knout , q. v. The B. is a common kind of punishment in China, as well as in Persia and all Eastern countries where Mohammedanism prevails; blows being ordered by the Koran for many minor offences. ishment of the bastinade. "And with it began to bastinade old Lewis." - Arbuthnot.