Bell inc i on i

(bél-lin-cho’-né), Gemma, b. Monza, Aug. 17, 1864; notable Italian soprano; toured U. S. in opera, 1899;~after 1911 taught in Berlin; and later at Academy of Sta. Cecilia, Rome; pub. a vocal method; she created Santuzza “Cavalleria Rusticana.” Bellini (bél-lé’-né), (1) Vincenzo, Catania, Sicily, Nov. 3, 1801—Puteaux, near Paris, Sept. 23, 1835; opera composer; son and pupil of an organist; a nobleman sent him (1819) to the Cons. at Naples; studied under Furno, Tritto, and Zingarelli, until 1827; privately studied with Haydn and Mozart, and chiefly Per goles i; as a student composed a symphony, 2 ma es, several psalms, a cantata, etc.; his first opera, ‘‘Adelson e Salvini,”’ was performed by Cons. pupils, 1825, whereupon the manager of La Scala, Milan, commi ioned him to write an opera; 1826, ‘‘Bianca e Fernando” was prod. with succ.; 1827, “Il Pirata’’; 1829, ‘‘La Straniera.”’ The librettist of the latter 2 was Felice Romani, who wrote the books of all B.’s operas, except ‘‘T Puritan i.”? ‘‘Zaira’’? (1829) was a failure; ‘‘J Capulett e Montecchi,” written in forty days (1830), was a great succ.; ‘‘La Sonnambula,” and * Norma’? (1831), with Malibran in the title-réle, established his fame; “‘Be at rice di Tenda’’ (Venice, 1833) failed; ‘‘J| Puritan i’” (libretto by Count Pepoli), written to order 1834, for the Théatre It alien, Paris, was a great succe , and his last finished work. B.’s work abounds in delightful, spontaneous melodies, though the lack of variety in his rhythmic scheme and orchestral accompaniments makes his scores today sound rather pale; Norma remains a great role for sopranos of a heroic vocal equipment. He died youngest of all prominent composers—at the age of 33, from dysentery due to overwork. Biog. by Scherillo (Milan, Pougin (Paris, 1868), etc. 1885), studies by Cicconetti, Amore, Vo , Lloyd and Parodi; collections of B.’s letters ed. by Scherillo and Salvioli. (2) Carmelo, Catania, 1802—1884; brother of above; composed music.