CYNARA

(Lat.), n. f. Si2n(kun)'as-ra3. From xvVapos, canine. Fr., artichaut. Ger., Artischocke. A Linnaean genus of the Composite, referred by Bentham and Hooker to the tribe Cynaroidece. TB, 42 (a, 24V] C. a caulis. The Centaurea acaidis. [B, 42, 173 (a. 24).] C. cardunculus. Fr., carde, chardonette. Ger., Card one, Cardonenartischocke. The prickly artichoke; a variety native in southern Europe and northern Africa. The stalks of the inner leaves are edible, and the dried flowers are used to coagulate milk. [B, 19, 173, 180, 275 (a, 24).] C. scolymus. Fr., artichaut cultive (ou desjardins). Ger., dchte Artischocke. The French (or globe) artichoke, garden artichoke; a perennial species indigenous to southern Europe and widely cultivated as a culinary vegetable. The plant looks somewhat like a large thistle. The flower-stems, 3 or 4 feet high, are terminated by flower-heads composed of dense imbricated scales, the lower part of which is thick and fleshy, and is the portion eaten. The plant yields a good yellow dye, and has the property of coagulating milk. The juice of the leaves is diuretic and has been used in dropsy. An extract prepared from the leaves is recommended in gout, rheumatism, and neuralgic affections. [B, 5, 19, 173, 180, 185, 275 (a, 24).] C. silvestris. See C. cardunculus. Folia cynarw. The leaves of C. scolymus. The expre ed juice and the infusion have been used as an antipyretic and diuretic. [A, 319.] CYNARACE^E (Lat.), n. f. pi. Si2n(kun)-a2r(a3r)-a(a3)'se2- (ke2)-e(a3-e2). A group of plants of the Asteracece. [B, 19 (a, 24).] [s. 487]