pre stomium

See præstomium. prestriction (prē-strikʻshon), n. [ 'Tis fear'd you have Balaams disease; a pearle in your eye, Mammons Præstriction . Milton , On Def. of Humb. Remonst. pre study (prē-stud ́i), v . t .; pret. and pp. pre studied , ppr. pre studying . [ pre- + study .] To study beforehand. He. never broached what he had new brewed, but preached what he had pre - studied some competent time before. Fuller , Worthies, Cambridge, I. 240. presultor (pre-sul'tor), n . [ LL.præsultor , one who dances before others, præsilire (a false reading for prosilire ) , leap or dance before, præ , before, + salire , leap, bound: see salient . ] A leader or director of a dance. [Rare.] The Coryphæus of the world, or the precentor and pre sultor of it. Cudworth, Intellectual System, p. 397. presumable (prē-zu'ma-bl), a. [ It is now the presumable duty, imposed by law upon the Clergy, of themselves to alter their practice. Gladstone, Gleanings of Past Years, I. 90. presumably (prē-zū'ma-bli), adv. As may be presumed or reasonably supposed; by or according to presumption; by legitimate inference from facts or circumstances. presume (pre-zum'), v.; pret. and pp. presumed, ppr. presuming. [ = It. sumer, F. présumer = Pr. Sp. Pg. presumir granted, presume, He or they that presumen to doo the contrarie, as often English Gilds (E. E. T. S.), p. 383. tyme as they be founden in defaute, to paye xx. s. Death, I feel, presumeth To change this life of mine into a new. Thomas Stukely (Child's Ballads, VII. 312). Bold deed thou hast presumed , adventurous Eve. Milton , P. L., ix. 921. As soon as the sermon is finished, nobody presumes to stir till Sir Roger is gone out of the church. Add is on , Sir Roger at Church. There was a time when I would have chastened your Goldsmith , Vicar, xxiv. insolence, for presuming thus to appear before me. 2. To believe or accept upon probable evi- dence; infer as probable; take for granted. Presume not that I am the thing I was. Shak ., 2 Hen. IV., v. 5. 60. Master Foxe mention eth, in his Book of Martyrs, that one in the street crying "Fire, fire," the whole a embly in St. Mary's, in Oxford, at one Mallary's recantation, pre. sumed it to be in the church. Rev. T. Adams, Works, III. 50. vincing power, the term is used variously as signifying different degrees of certainty in the inference. (a) An inference which a jury, or a judge sitting in the place of a jury, may without error draw from a given state of facts, but is not bound to draw from them: called by way of dis- tinct i on a presumption of fact . (b) An inference which, in absence of evidence to the contrary, the law draws, and a jury or judge cannot without error refuse to apply: called by way of distinction a legal presumption or a presumption of law ; more specifically, a rebuttable legal presumption . (c) An inference which the law, usually for reasons of pub- lic policy, draws from a given state of facts, and refuses to allow evidence to countervail the inference: called a con- I found not what methought I wanted still; And to the heavenly Vision thus presumed . Milton , P. L., viii. 356. 2. To pre forward presumptuously; be led by presumption; make one's way over conf i- dently into an unwarranted place or position. Presume thou not to hye, I rid, Least it turn thee to blame. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 91. Up-led by thee, Into the heaven of heavens I have presumed , An earthly guest. Milton , P. L., vii. 13. ing of their swiftne e. Purchas , Pilgrimage, p. 840. To presume upon or on, to rely upon as a reason for boldne ; hence, to act overboldly or arrogantly on the strength of, or on the supposition of. Do not presume too much upon my love. Shak ., J. C., iv. 3. 63. She,... presuming on the hire of her treason, deserted her Husband. Milton , Hist. Eng., ii. presumpti (pre-zumpt'), v . t . [L. presumptus , pp. of presumere , take beforehand: see pre- sume.] To take inconsiderately or rashly. The vow beynge presumpted , dy embled, and fayned. Bp. Bale , Apology, fol. 10. IMG:content-0916.png:[blocks in formation] presumptuous (pre-zump'tū-us), a . [ presumptuous (in adv.), presumpcieus , pre sump tic us , presompcieus , etc., F. présomp- tueux = Sp. presuntuoso = Pg. presumptuoso = It . presuntuoso , præsumptiosus , præsump- tosus , full of boldne , præsumptio ( n- ), boldne , presumption: see presumption .] Go- in thought or conduct; exhibiting or marked by presumption; overbold; presuming; arro- presumption (prē-zump's hon), n . [ somption , F. présomption = Sp. pre sun cion = Pg. presumpção tio (n-), a taking beforehand, an anticipation, præsumere , pp. præsumptus , presume: see pre- sume.] 1. The act of presuming, or taking upon one's self more than good sense and pro- priety warrant; exce ive boldne or over- confidence in thought or conduct; presump- tuousne ; a urance; arrogance. 'Tis not thy southern power Which makes thee thus presumptuous and proud. Shak., 3 Hen. VI., i. 1. 157. Presumptuous man, see to what desperate end Thy treachery hath brought thee! Rash author, 'tis a vain presumptuous crime To undertake the sacred art of rhyme. Dryden and Soames , tr. of Boileau's Art of Poetry, i. 1. =Syn. Forward, venturesome, foolhardy. Presumptive and presumptuous have no meanings in common. See arrogance . presurmise (pre-sér-mīz′), n . [ pre- + sur- mise .] A surmise previously formed. It was your presurmise That, in the dole of blows, your son might drop. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., i. 1. 168. presylvian (pre-silvi-an), a . [ pre- + Sylvian . ] Anterior, as a part of the Sylvian fi ure: ap- plied to the ascending branch of this fi ure. See postsylvian . ME. presumptuowsly ; presumptuous + -ly2.] In a presumptuous manner; with rash conf i- dence; overboldly; arrogantly. Thou woldest konne that I can and carpen hit after, Presumptuowsly , parauenture a-pose so man ye, Stilling fleet , Sermons, II. iii. That hit myzthe turne me to tene and Theologie bot he, pretence, n. Piers Plowman (A), xii. 8. God's counsel have not kept, his holy secret Presumptuously have publish'd. Milton , S. A., 1. 498. presumptuousne (prē-zump'tū-us-nes), n. The state or character of being presumptuous or rashly confident; groundle confidence; ar- rogance; irreverent boldne or forwardne . =Syn. Presumptuousne differs from presumption only in being simply a quality, while presumption may be either a quality or the conduct exhibiting the quality. pre supposal (prē-su-po'zal), n. [ pre- + sup- posal . Supposal formed beforehand; presup- position. If our pre sup pos all be true,. the most auncient Orator. presupposed , ppr. presupposing . OF. pre- supposer , F. présupposer ; as pre- + suppose . Cf. Sp. presuponer = Pg. presuppór = It. pre- supporre.] 1. To suppose beforehand; take pretend (pre-tend'), v . [ ME.pretenden , pre tendre , F. prétendre = Sp. Pg. pretender = It. pretend ere , prætendere , stretch forth or forward, spread before, hold out, put forward as an excuse, allege, pretend, præ , before, + tendere , stretch: see tend .] I. trans. 11. To hold out before one or in front; stretch for- ward; hence, to put before one for action, con- sideration, or acceptance; offer; present. But Pastor ell a, wofull wretched Elfe, Was by the Captaine all this while defended, Who, minding more her safety than himselfe, His target alwayes over her pretended . All stood with their pretended spears prepar'd, With broad steel heads the brandish'd weapons glar'd. Dryden , tr. of Ovid's Meleager and A talant a, 1. 104. I had not thought (courteous reader) to have pretended thus conspicuously in thy sight this rude and indigested chaos of conceites, the abortive i ue of my vnfertile braine. Times' Whistle (E. E. T. S.), p. 110. To that wench I pretend honest love, and she deserves it. pretendant, pretendent (prē-ten'dant, -dent), n . [ F.prétendant =Sp. pretendiente = Pg. It. pretendente , prætenden ( t- ) s , ppr. of præ- tendere , pretend: see pretend .] A pretender; a claimant. Neither the Confederation nor the duchies, nor all the pretendents to the succe ion, had acceded to the treaty. Woolsey, Introd. to Inter. Law, App. ii., p. 428. 3. To put forward as a reason or excuse; use as a pretext; allege as a ground or reason; hence, to put forward a false appearance of; simulate; counterfeit; feign. The queen, sir, very oft importuned me To temper poisons for her, still pretending The satisfaction of her knowledge only Generally to pretend Conscience against Law is danger- Selden , Table-Talk, p. 39. This let him know, Lest, wilfully transgre ing, he pretend Surprisal. Milton , P. L., v. 244. No knave but boldly will pretend The requisites that form a friend. 5. To aspire to; attempt; undertake. lete or archaic.] And those two brethren Gyauntes did defend The walles so stoutly with their sturdie mayne, That never entraunce any durst pretend . Spenser, F. Q., II. xi. 15. I will not pretend so much as to mention that chart on which is drawn the appearance of our ble ed Lord after his resurrection. Steele , Spectator, No. 226. pretense; by false representation; ostensibly. An action... that came speciously and pretendedly out out of a Church. Hammond , Works, IV. 593. ( Latham .) He was also raising Forces in London, pretendedly to serve the Portugall, but with intent to seise the Tower. Milton , Eikon ok las tes, x. pre ten den cet (pre-ten'dens), n . [ tend entia , pretense, claim, prætenden (t-)s, claiming: see pretendant . ] Pretension; claim. Be it enough that God and men do scorn Their projects, censures, vain pre tendences . Daniel , To the King's Majesty. pretendent, n. See pretendant . pretender (pre-ten'der), п. 1. One who pre- tends, or makes a false show, as of learning or of legal right. The King Pronounced a dismal sentence, meaning by it To keep the list low and pretenders back. 2. One who pretends, or puts forward a claim; a claimant; an aspirant. You must know I am a pretender to the angle, and, doubtle , a Trout affords the most pleasure to the angler of any sort of fish whatever. Cotton , in Walton's Angler, ii. 224. There are no distinguishing qualities among men to which there are not false pretenders . Steele , Tatler, No. 211. 3. Specifically, a claimant to a throne. In Brit- ish history there have been several pretenders, especially "the Pretender," James Edward Stuart, son of James II., who in 1715 made an unsucce ful attempt to gain the English throne and supplant the reigning Han over i an dynasty; another unsucce ful attempt was made in his behalf in 1745-6 by his son Charles Edward (often called "the Young Pretender"). God ble the king, I mean the faith's defender; God ble -no harm in ble ing - the Pretender ; But who pretender is, or who is king- pretendership (pre-ten'der-ship), n. tender + -ship .] The claim, character, or po- sition of a pretender. I am at a lo how to dispose of the Dauphine, if he hap- Dost thou dare pretend to punish me pen to be king of France before the pretendership to Brit- For not descrying sunshine at midnight? ain falls to his share. Swift , Public Spirit of the Whigs. Browning , Ring and Book, II. 222. pretendingly (pre-ten'ding-li), adv . In a pre- Reward not hospitality With such black payment as thou hast pretended . Shak ., Lucrece, 1.576. Harm not this young for rester; Noe ill doth he pretend . It has always been my endeavour to distinguish between realities and appearances, and separate true merit from the pretence to it. Add is on , Sir Timothy Tittle. You think him humble - God accounts him proud; High in demand, though lowly in pretence . Cowper , Truth, 1. 93. Mourn for the man of amplest influence, Yet clearest of ambitious crime, Our greatest yet with least pretence . There breathes no being but has some pretence To that fine instinct called poetic sense. tending manner; pretentiously. I have a particular reason for looking a little pretend- ingly at present. Jeremy Collier , Pride. pretense, pretence (pre-tens'), n . [ tense , preten e , pretense, ML.præter prætens a , fem. of prætens us , for L. prætent us , pp. of prætendere , pretend: see pretend .] 1†. An intention; a design; a purpose. Put of your clothes in winter by the fire side, and cause Robin Hood and the Tanner's Daughter (Child's Ballads, your bed to bee heated with a warming panne, vnle your pretence bee to harden your members, and to apply your selfe vnto militarie discipline. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 253. I have perceived a most faint neglect of late; which I have rather blamed as mine own jealous curiosity than as a very pretence and purpose of unkindne . Shak ., Lear, i. 4. 75. To Please, this Time, has been his sole Pretence . Congreve, Way of the World, Prol. 2. The act of pretending, or putting forward something to conceal the true state of affairs, and thus to deceive; hence, the representation of that which does not exist; simulation; feign- For to what fyn he wolde anon pretende , That knowe I wel, and forth i yet I seye, So lef this sorwe, or platly he wol dye. He'll fill this land with arms, And make pretence of wrong that I have done him. Shak., Pericles, i. 2. 91. Open violence May bee avoided; but false fair - pretense Is hardly 'scaped with much icopardy. Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Triumph of Faith, ii. 32. All zeal for a reform that gives offence To peace and charity is mere pretence. nothing else of books in him! B. Jonson , Epicæne, i. 1. Men of those noble breedings you pretend to Should scorn to lie, or get their food with falsehood. Fletcher ( and another ), Sea Voyage, iv. 1. The Book which I have to Answer pretends to reason, not to Autorities and quotations. Milton , Eikon ok las tes, v. Merit is a claim, and may pretend justly to favour. Steele , Lying Lover, i. 1. 3. To make pretense; make believe; counter- feit or feign. Charles the emperor, Under pretence to see the queen his aunt- For 'twas indeed his colour, but he came To whisper Wolsey-here makes visitation. We told them that we came for a Trade with the Span- iards at Manila, and should be glad if they would carry a Letter to some Merchant there, which they promised to do. But this was only a pretence of ours, to get out of them what intelligence we could as to their Shipping, Strength, and the like. Dampier , Voyages, I. 383. pretension = Pg. pretenção = It. pre tens i one , prætentio (n-), prætendere , pp. præ- tent us or prætens us , pretend: see pretend .] 1. The act of putting forth a claim (specifically, a false one), particularly to merit, dignity, or im- portance; pretentiousne . Good without noise, without pretension great. Pope , Epitaph on R. Digby. Legates and delegates with pow'rs from hell, Though heav'nly in pretension , fleec'd thee well. Cowper , Expostulation, 1. 515. pretension Another house Of le pretension did he buy betimes, The villa, meant for jaunts and jollity. Browning , Ring and Book, I. 57. 4713 preterist (pret'e-rist), n. and a. [ preternatural ism We look with a superstitious reverence upon the ac counts of preterlapsed ages. Glanville, Vanity of Dogmatizing, xv. not nece arily false. The courtier, the trader, and the scholar should all have an equal pretension to the denomination of a gentleman. Steele , Tatler, No. 207. Let us from this moment give up all pretensions to gen Goldsmith, Vicar, iii. tility. Mind, I give up all my claim - I make no pretensions to anything in the world. Sheridan, The Rivals, v. 3. 3†. A false representation; a pretext; a sham. This was but an invention and pretension given out by the Spaniards. Bacon, War with Spain. He so much abhorr'd artifice and cunning that he had prejudice to all concealments and pretensions . Bp . Fell , Hammond, p. 130. 4. An a ertion; a proposition. Mi Bird declares all the viands of Japan to be uneatable-a staggering pretension . R. L. Stevens on , The Foreigner at Home. Arms of pretension, in her . See arm2 , 7 (c). = Syn. 1 and 2. Pretext , etc. See pretense .