Kabeiri

See Cabiri. Kabinda (kä-ben'dä). See Cabinda and Kongo . Kabir (ke-ber'). [Arabic kabir , great.] A Hindu religious reformer. He was a weaver, and probably a Mu ulman by birth, who lived at Benares, and also at Magar near Gorakhpur, between 1488 and 1512. His teachings exercised an important influence in upper India in the 15th and 16th centuries, and formed the basis of the Sikh movement in the Panjab. Originally a Mu ulman, he became a pupil of Ram an and a and a Vaishnava with much of the democracy and tolerance of Buddhism; but he denounced all idol-worship, and taught Vaishnavism as a form of strict monotheism. True religion, he said, meant nothing but devotion to one God, whether called Vishnu, Rama, or Hari, or by Mohammedan names, He rejects every malevolent distinction of caste, religion, and sect. All authority in faith and morals belongs to the guru, or spiritual guide, though the rights of conscience of the believer are reserved. Kabir's aim was evidently to found a religion that should unite Hindu and Mu ul man. Kabirpanthis (ke-ber-pän't-hez). [Those who follow the path of Kabir.'] The followers of Kabir. They now form 12 principal branches, which have remained in communion notwithstanding some dif ferences in faith and practice. Their center is Benares, but they are found in Gujarat, Central India, and as far as the Deccan. As they take pains to conform in une entials to the usages about them, it is difficult to ascertain their number. At the end of the last century 35,000 took part in a melah at Benares. They are influential rather than numerous. Kabrega (käb-rā'gä). See Nyoro. Kabul, or Cabul (kä-böl'). 1. A province or division in eastern Afghanistan.-2. The capital of Afghanistan, situated on the river Kabul in lat. 34°30′ N., long. 69° 16′ E., 6,000 ft. above sea-level. It is noted as a commercial and strategic center, and is famous for its fruit. It was taken by Timur, and by Nadir Shah (1738). The British occupied it in the first Afghan war: it was evacuated by them in Jan., 1842, and retaken in Sept., 1842. In the second Afghan war (1878-80) it was the scene of Cavagnari's murder, and was captured by General Roberts, and evacuated by the British in 1880. Population, about 70,000. 3. A river which rises in Afghanistan and flows easterly past Kabul, emptying into the Indus in the Panjabat Attok, east of Peshawar. Length, about 270 miles. Kabunga (kä-böng'gä). See Mandingo . Kabyles. See Kabail . Kacha (ka'cha). A son of Brihaspati who in the Mahabharata becomes a disciple of Shukra, the priest of the Asuras, to obtain a charm to restore the dead. Twice killed by the Asuras, Kacha is re stored by Shukra at the interce ion of Devayani, his daughter. A third time killed, his ashes are mixed with Shukra's wine; but Shukra revives Kacha within his own body, teaches him the charm, allows himself to be ripped open for Kacha's exit, and is in turn restored by Kacha. This incident is said to have caused Shukra to prohibit wine to Brahmans. When Kacha refuses to marry Devayani, she curses him with the lo of the charm, and he condemns her to be sought by no Brahman and to wed a Kshatriya. Kachh, or Cutch (kuch). A native state under British control, south of Sind. Area, 6,500 square miles. Population (1891), 558,415. Kachh, Gulf of. An arm of the Indian Ocean, south of Kachh and north of Kathiawar. Kachh, Ran of, or Runn of Cutch. A salt mora , flooded at times, situated north and east of Kachh, and communicating with the Gulf of Kachh. Kachh Gundava (gun-dävä). A region in eastern Balu chi stan, east of Khelat. Kadambari (kä-dam'ba-re). A daughter of Chitraratha and Madira, whose name is given to a celebrated Sanskrit prose work, a kind of romance, written by Banabhatta and continued by his son in about the 7th century. Kadapa, or Cuddapah (kud'ä-pä). A district in Madras, British India, intersected by lat. 15° N., long. 78° 30′ Ε. Kadesh (ka'desh), more fully Kadesh Barnea (ka'desh bär'ne-ä). [Heb., sanctuary.'] 1. A place on the southern boundary of the East Jordan territory, the modern Ain Kadish, in the country of the Azarime. It was the headquarters of the Israeli tes in their wanderings in the desert. Miriam, the sister of Moses, died here; the episode of the "waters of strife" took place here; and from here the spies were sent out to investigate Canaan. 2. The capital of the Hittites, on the Orontes near Tel Nebi Mende. About 1300 B. C. Rameses II. of the 19th dynasty gained there a decisive victory over the Hittites. Like Carchemish, Kadesh on the Orontes, the most southern capital the Hittites po e ed, was also a "holy city." Pictures of it have been preserved on the monuments of Rameses II. We gather from them that it stood on the shore of the Lake of Homs, still called the "Lake of Kadesh," at the point where the Orontes flowed out of the lake. The river was conducted round the city in a double channel, acro which a wide bridge was thrown, the space between the two channels being apparently occupied by a wall. Sayce, Hittites, p. 100. Kadiak (käd-yak'), or Kodiak (kōd-yak'). An island in the Pacific Ocean, belonging to Alaska, situated about lat. 57°30′ N., long. 153° W. Length, about 90 miles. The inhabitants are Eskimos. Kadijah (kä-de'jä). The wife of Mohammed. Kadikoi (kad-i-ko'i), or Kadikeui (-kūě). A town in Asiatic Turkey, opposite Constantinople: the ancient Chalcedon. Kado Hadacho (käʼdo hä-dä'chō), or Caddoques, or Cadodaquioux. The leading tribe of the Caddo Confederacy of North American Indians. See Caddo . Kadom (kä-dom'). A town in the government of Tamboff, Ru ia, situated on the Moksha about 125 miles southwest of Nijni Novgorod. Population (1885–89), 7,258. Kadur, or Cadoor (kä-dör'). A district in Mysore, India, intersected by lat. 13° 30′ N., long. 76° E. Area, 2,635 square miles. Population (1891), 330,063. Kaempfer. See Kämpfer . Kaf (käf). In Oriental legend, a range of hills encircling the earth, the chief abode of the jinns. Kaffa. See Feodosia . Kaffa (käf'fä), or Gomara (gō'mä-rä). A region in eastern Africa, about lat. 6°-8° N., long. 35°38° E. It is on the border line of the British and Italian spheres of influence in East Africa. Kaffir, or Kafir, or Caffre (kaf'er). [Ar., 'unbeliever,' 'infidel.'] A name given by the Arabs of East Africa to all pagan African natives, and adopted by the Portuguese, Dutch, and English of South and East Africa. In English the word has been used to signify ( a ) the Kaffirs proper, consisting of the Xosa, Pondo, and Tembu tribes; (b) the Zulus and the Kaffirs proper taken collectively, as distinguished from the Bechuana, Hottentots, and other South African natives; (c) the Bantu family, or all negroes south of the equator. Kaffraria (kaf-frā'ri-ä). The country of the Kaffirs, in South Africa. It is not an administrative term, though Transkei in Cape Colony is sometimes known as Kaffraria proper, and a region in the southeastern part of Cape Colony was formerly known as British Kaffraria. Kaffirs are found in Natal and neighboring regions, as well as in Cape Colony. The Kaffirs have been repeatedly at war with the British, especially in 1819, 1834-35, 1846-48, 1850-52, and 1877. Kafir is tan (kä-fe-ris-tän'). A mountainous region in central Asia, on the border of Afghanistan and the British sphere of influence. Its approximate boundaries are the Hindu-Kush Mountains on the north, and the rivers Panjshir and Kanar. The inhabitants (estimated at about 200,000) are various related heathen tribes. Kageyi (kä-gā yē). See Sukuma . Kagos him a (kii-go-she'mä), or Kagosima (kä- go-se'mä). A seaport in the island of Kinsiu, Japan, situated in lat. 31° 32′ N., long. 130° 30′ E. It is a very old city, the "seat of the manufacture of barded by the British in 1863. Population (1891), 56,643. Kahlenberg, or Kalenberg (käʻlen-berg). A spur of the Noric Alps, in Lower Austria near Vienna. It is now ascended by a mountain railway. Near this locality lived, in the 14th century, the tale-writer "Pfaffe von Kahlenberg" ("Parson of Kahlenberg "). Height, 1,584 feet. Kahnis (kä'nis), Karl Fried rich August. Born at Greiz, Germany, Dec. 22, 1814. A German Protestant theologian. Among his works are "Der innere Gang des deutschen Protestant is mus" (1854), "Luther is che Dogmatik" (1861). Kahoda (ka-hō'da). A learned Brahman, father of Ashtavakra (which see). Kai (ki), pl. Kayan (ke-yan'). [Kindred with Skt. kavi , wise, a sage, poet; Avestan kavan , kavya , kavi , king.] A Persian word, meaning 'king,' and especially a great king, prefixed to IMG:content-0562.png:[blocks in formation] the names of four old Iranian kings, Kawus, Kaisariyeh. See Cæsarea . Khusrau, Qubad, and Luhrasp, to which some Kaiserhaus. See Goslar , add Gayumart (also spelled Kayumarth ). Kaietur (kä-e-tör') Fall. A cataract of British Guiana, on the Potaro, a western branch of the in 1870, and is 822 feet high and 370 feet broad. Kaifung-fu (ki-fung'fö'), or Kaifong-fu (kifong'fö'). The capital of the province of Honan, China, situated near the Hwangho about lat. 34° 52′ N., long. 114° 35' E. Population, about 100,000. Kaigani (ki-gä'nē). A division of the Skittagetan stock of North American Indians. They have seven occupied and three abandoned villages, all on For ester and Prince of Wales islands, off the west coast of British America. The number on Prince of Wales Island is 788. See Skittagetan . Kaikawus (ki-) (ki-ka-wös'). In the Shahnamah, the twelfth Iranian king, son of Kaiqubad, reigning 150 years. A dev or demon, disguised as a singer, sings before the king the beauties of Mazanikaus succeeds with the aid of Rustam, who has his seven adventures during this war. (See Rustam .) The king next in whence he resolves to conquer country. vades Hamavaran, the king of which yields to him and gives him his daughter Saudabah in marriage. The king Hamavaran, however, treacherously seizes Kawus and im prisons him, during which time Afrasyab attacks Iran. Rustam defeats the three hostile kings and delivers Ka wus. The war with Afrasyab lasts during the whole reign. The history of Kaikawus contains, besides the account of Rustam's seven adventures, that of Suhrab and that of Syawaush. (See Suhrab , Syawaush .) In his pride Kaikawus sought to fly to the heavens, and harne ed to his throne four eagles. Wearied, they descended' and threw the king on the ground near Amol. He escaped with his life, and, pardoned by God for his arrogance, ruled on. is the Kaoses of the Byzantine historians. The name Kaikeyi (ki-kāyē). In Hindu mythology, a prince of Kaikeya, wife of King Dash a ratha and mother of his third son, Bharata. Carefully tending Dash a ratha when wounded, she induced him to promise any two favors. She used this promise to procure the exile of Rama and the promotion of Bharata. Kaikhusrau (present Pers. pron. ki-khus-rou'; earlier ki-khos-rou'). [See Kai . Khusrau is the Skt. sushravas , Avestan husravanh (nom. husra να ), famous, Gr. Οάρσης and Chosroes .] In the Shahnamah, the thirteenth Iranian king. He reigned years. He was the son of Syawaush and Faran gis, daughter of Afrasyab. After the murder of Syawaush by Gurwi, Afrasyab was about to slay Farangis, that none of the offspring of Iraj might live; but Piran Wisah per shade hen bong, and had him brought up by shepherds. king to put her Piran Afrasyab, frightened by a dream in which the son of Syawaush destroyed him, summoned Piran, who allayed the fears of Afrasyab by representing the boy as an idiot. When he warred with Kaikawus, Afrasyab sent Farangis and Khusrautaremote place thenght Khusrau continued the war, and slew Afrasyab. The name Kaikhusrau is identified with that of the elder Cyrus, Kaikawus, who appointed Khusrau his succe or. with the legends of whom as told by the Greeks there are accordances. Kailasa (ki-lä'sa). A mountain in the Himalaya, north of Lake Manasa. Shiva's paradise and Kuvera's abode are said to be on Kailasa. Kaiqubad (earlier Pers. pron. ki-kō-bâd'; present Pers. pron. kī-kö-bad'). In the Shahnamah, the eleventh Iranian king, a descendant of Faridun, brought by Rustam from Mount Alburz at the bidding of Zal after the death of Garshasp. He reigned 100 years, building cities after Rustam, defeating Afrasyab, compelled Pashang to sue for peace. He left four sons, the eldest being Kaikawus. See Qubad . Kaira (kī'rä). 1. A district in the governor ship of Bombay, British India, intersected by lat. 22° 40′ N., long. 72°50′ E. Area, 1,609 square miles. Population (1891), 871,589.-2. The capital of the district of Kaira, about lat. 22° 45′ N., long. 72° 38′ E. Population (1891), 10,101. Kairwan (kir-wän'), or Kirwan (ker-wän'). A city 87 miles south of Tunis. It is a holy Mohammedan city, founded about 670. The Djamaät es-Sehebi, or Mosque of the Companion of the Prophet, is the chief sanctuary of the city. Within the usual inclosing wall there are four beautiful arcaded courts, domed vestibules, the mosque proper, and the Shrine of the Companion, Abdullah ibn-Zemaa el-Beloui, a small domed structure with ornament of heterogeneous character and date. The remainder of the monument abounds with the richest Arabic decoration in plaster-work, inlaid tiles, elaborate carpentry, and color. The square minaret is incrusted with tiles, and has an Ajimez window in each face at the top. The great mosque of Sidi Akbar is a venerable monument occupying the northern corner of the city. In plan it is a rectangle which is divided into three parts, the place of worship proper, the vestibule, and the cloistered court in which stands the minaret. The mosque proper consists of 17 aisles of 8 arches springing from coupled columns of marble and porphyry. These columns number 296, and in the entire building there are 439, all taken from old Roman and Christian monuments. The mihrab and mimbar are beautifully ornamented. There is a central dome, which rests on porphyry columns about 42 feet high. The court is surrounded by a double arcade with coupled columns. Population, estimated, about 15,000. Also Kairoan, Ke rouan , etc.