carauna (karana)

caravan (kar'a-van or kar-a-van'), n. [= D. karavaan = G. karawane = Dan. karavane = Sw. karavan, Men who pa In troop or caravan . Milton, P. R., i. 323. Great caravans , formerly composed of Pagans, now of Mahometans, pa ed from west to east, in the same manner as in ancient times, to buy and disperse India goods through Africa. Bruce , Source of the Nile, II. 61. 2. Figuratively, any large number of persons traveling together, especially when moving slowly or with much baggage; poetically, any large number of persons, or even animals, considered as traveling together to a common destination. Their aery caravan , high over seas Flying. Milton , P. L., vii. 428. When thy summons comes to join The innumerable caravan , which moves To that mysterious realm of death. Bryant , Thanatopsis. 3. A large covered carriage used for conveying pa engers, or a company of people traveling together, or a traveling exhibition or show; hence, any large covered wagon or cart for travel or transport: often abbreviated to van. Alike, gay widow, virgin, wife, Ingenious to diversify dull life, In coaches, chaises, caravans, and hoys, Fly to the coast for daily, nightly joys. Cowper , Retirement. He had never seen such a fat boy in or out of a travelling caravan . Dickens, Pickwick, II. xxvi. 41. A number of ve els or barks in company, or an expedition with such ve els. Their galleys still spread over the Levant and came back victorious from their caravans, as their cruises against the Moslems were called. Pre scott . 5t. A hood with hoops or springs of whalebone and an adjustable veil for the face. Fairholt. Caravel, 15th century. It is a native of Europe and Asia, and is frequently culti- vated for its fruit, or so-called seeds, which have an aro- matic smell and a warm pungent taste. They are used as a carminative in medicine, and for flavoring cakes, etc., and a volatile oil is obtained from them by distillation. 2. The Nigella sativa or black caraway, a ra- nunculaceous plant of southern Europe, the seeds of which are aromatic and used for the same purposes as common caraway.-3. Col- lectively, the seeds of the caraway. Blaunderelle, or pepyns, with carawey in confite. Babees Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 166. 4t. A kind of sweet cake or comfit containing caraway-seeds. Then cheese with fruite On the table set, With Bisketes or Carowayes , As you may get. IMG:content-3117.jpg:[graphic] Shak ., 2 Hen. IV., v. 3. 5. A kind of apple. Mason . caraynet, n. An old form of carrion . carbamate (kär'ba-māt), n. [ carb am (ic) + -atel.] A salt of carbamic acid. carbamic (kär-bam'ik), a. [ carb (onic) + am- (ide) +-ic.] Relating to a substituted carbonic acid containing the amide radical NH2.-Car- bamic acid, CONH2OH, an acid not known in the free state, but forming salts and ethers, as methyl carbamate, CONH2OCH3. Its ammonium salt occurs in commercial ammonium carbonate. carbamide (kär'ba-mid or -mid), n. [ 2. A general name for the derivatives of urea. carbazotate (kär-baz'ō-tāt), n. [ -atel .] A salt formed by the union of car- azote + -ic .] Composed of or pertaining to car- bon and azote. Carb azotic acid, C6H2(NO2)3OH, picric acid; a crystallizable acid obtained by the action of nitric acid on phenol, indigo, and other animal and vegeta- ble substances. It forms shining yellow crystals, sparingly soluble in cold water, and having an intensely bitter taste. It is used chiefly dyeing. When which has been treated with a mordant of alum or cream of tartar is im mersed in a solution of this acid, it is dyed a beautiful permanent yellow color; and by the use of indigo and picric acid together various shades of green are obtained. Its salts explode violently when struck. car berry (kärʼber"i), n.; pl. car berries (-iz). The gooseberry. [North. Eng.] carb hydrate (kärb-hi'drāt), n. bohydrate . carbide (kär'bid or -bid), n. [ carb ( on ) + -ide1.] A compound of carbon with a metal. Formerly called carburet . carbineli (kär'bin), n. [Early mod. E. also car a- bine , carabin , carbeene , a musketeer, car a- bin , "a carbine or curbeene [misprinted for car- beene], arquebuzier armed with murri an and breastplate, and serving on horseback" (Cotgrave), mod. F. carabin , a surgeon's ap- prentice, earlier OF. calabrin , calabrien , orig. one who worked a war-engine, calabre , a war- engine: see calabre2 . In this sense obsolete, carboluria (kär-bo-lūʻri-ä), n. [ carbolic + Gr. ούρον , urine.] A condition of the urine charac- terized by dark discoloration, symptomatic of poisoning by carbolic acid. carbon (kär bon), n. [F. carbone = (kärbon), bono = Pg . carbone = It. carbonio , bo ( n- ), carbon, mod. forms, as, in chem. sense; cf. F. charbon Pr. carbo =Sp. carbon = Pg.carvão = It. carbone , a coal, coal, older forms, in orig. sense; carbo ( n- ), a coal, whether a glowing coal.cha coal or a dead coal, charcoal.] 1. Chemical sym- bol, C; atomic weight, 11.97. An element found in nature in two distinct forms: the diamond, which is extremely hard, of high specific grav- ity (3.5), usually colorle and transparent, with brilliant adamantine luster, and crystallizes in octahedrons; and graphite, caphite, which is very soft, of low specific gravity (2), gravity (2), black and opaque, with metallic luste allic luster, and crystallizes in hexag- onal plates. See diamond and graphite . Its phys- ical properties vary greatly with its different forms. It is combustible, burning to carbonic acid (CO2). In combina- tion it is universally distributed through the animal and vegetable kingdoms being a constituent of every living ti ue. By the action of heat on such ti ues, with partial complete exclusion of carbon procured in am or- IMG:content-3118.jpg:[graphic] Pre scott, Ferd. and Isa., i. 16. The seas of our discovering over-roll Him and his gold; the frailer caravel , with a carbine; a carbineer; a musketeer. Nay, I knew, However he wheel'd about like a loose carbine , He would charge home at length like a brave gentleman. Fletcher, Wit without Money, v. 1. carbine2 (kär'bin), n . [Formerly also carabine , = D. karabijn = G. karabiner = Dan. karabin = Sw. karbin , carabine , carabin a = Sp. Pg. carabin a (> Ar. quarabīna , qarbāna ) , a car- bine; from carbinel .] 1. In the sixteenth cen- tury, a firearm; one of the many names given to the lighter form of harquebuse.-2. In mod- ern times, a short rifle, especially one adapted to the use of mounted troops. carbineer (kär-bi-nēr'), n. [= D. karabinier = Dan. karabiner = Sw. karbinerare , binier (= Sp. carabinero = Pg. carabineiro = It. carabiniere , carabino ), carabine : see carbine2 .] A soldier armed with a carbine. Also formerly in the mineral siderite, etc. 2. The form of the diamond generally called carbonado ; the black diamond.-3. In electric lighting , a carbon-point (see below). - Bisulphid of carbon. See bisulphid . - Carbon dioxid. Same as car- bonic acid (which see, under carbonic ). - Carbon-points, in electric lighting , two rods of very hard, compact carbon, between which the electric arc is formed, producing a light of great brilliancy. See voltaic are , under arc , and electric light , under electric . - Carbon proce , in photog . , a pro- ce of producing photographic positive pictures in a pig- ment composed of carbon, in order to insure their perm a- nency. The thin paper on which the impre ion from the negative is taken is coated with gelatin colored with the carbon pigment, and sensitized, usually with bichromate of carawala (kar-a-wäʻlä), п. A venomous ser- pent of southern India and Ceylon, Hypnale nep a , a viviparous species of the viperine series. caraway (kar'a-wa), n. [Also written carr a- way , early mod. E. also caroway , alcara- hueya , caraway, al , the, + karwīyā , kara- wiyā , caraway-seeds, caraway-plant, prob. L. careum, NL. carum (> It. caro-Florio), cumin, caraway. Another form is E. dial. and Sc. carvy , carvey , carvi = It. carvi = D. karwei = MLG. karwe , G. karve , karbe , karwei = Dan. karve , carvi , short for alcaravea = Pg. alcaravia , variants of the forms before mentioned, or directly from the Ar. with- out the article.] 1. A biennial plant, Carum Carui , of the natural order Umbelliferæ , with a tapering root like a parsnip, which when young carbohydrate (kär-bo-hidrāt), n. [ carbon carbine. carbo (kär'bō), n. [NL. (L.); so called from their coal-black color: see carbon .] A name of several black water-birds. (a) The black guille- mot of the North Pacific, Uria carbo. (b) The common cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo. (ct) [ cap .] A genus of cormorants, giving name to the Carbon ide. Lacé- pède , 1800. carboclet, n. A Middle English form of car- buncle. Chaucer . carbon vices.- Carbon spar, a name given to several mineral carbonates, as carbonate of magnesium, of zinc, etc.-Carbon telephone, a form of telephone invented by Edison, in which the vibrations of the diaphragm of the mouthpiece produce, by variable pre ure upon a piece of compre ed carbon placed in the circuit, variations in the electric current which induce sonorous vibrations in the receiver.-Gas-carbon, a form of amorphous carbon which is produced in the retorts where coal is heated for the manufacture of illuminating gas. It forms an iron gray deposit on the sides and upper part of the retort. It is extremely hard, and is a good conductor of heat and electricity. It is used in the preparation of carbon battery-plates, and also for the carbon-points used with the electric arc-light. Also called coal- gas charcoal and gas carbon a (kär-bō'nä), n. [NL.: see carbon.] In mining, a ma of stanniferous rock, irregular in form, and not po e ing the general character of a lode. Such a ma , however, is ordinarily subordinate to a lode in its immediate vicinity. The carbon a is in some respects analogous to the "pipes" and "flats" of the North of England lead-mines. The carbon a of the St. Ives lode in Cornwall, England, was one of the most remarkable of these occurrences, and one of the first to which this name was given. It was composed of feldspar, quartz, black tour mal in (schorl), tin ore (ca iterite), and some cupriferous ore. It also contained fluor-spar, which was not present in the lode itself.