Conring (kon ring), He Hermann

Born at Nor Conon (kō'non). [Gr. Κόνων .] Died, probably one of the founders of the French Academy, of in Cyprus, after 392 в. с. An A then i an com which he was secretary 1634–75. mander. He served in the Peloponnesian war, defeated the Spartan fleet off Cnidus in 394, and restored the fort i- fications of Athens and the Piræus in 393. Conoy (kō'noi). A tribe of North American Indians, first known as Piscataway, living in 1634 on the Piscataway River in Maryland. Its name is derived from a word meaning 'long.' See Algonquian . Conqueror (kongʻkėr-or), The. A popular surname of William I. of England. Conquest (kong'kwest), Mrs. A character in Cibber's comedy "Love's Last Stake." Conquest of Granada, The. 1. The second title of "Almanzor and Almahyde" by Dryden, Ireland. Con naught (kon'ât). [Ir. Connacht .] The west ernmost province of Ireland, lying between the Atlantic Ocean on the north and west, Ulster and Leinster on the east, and Munster on the south. It comprises the counties Galway, Mayo, Sligo, Roscommon, and Leitrim. It ceased to be a kingdom and was divided into counties in 1590. Population (1891), 724,774. Connecticut (ko-net'i-kut). A State in New England, and one of the 13 original States of the American Union, lying between Ma achusetts on the north, Rhode Island on the east, Long Island Sound on the south, and New York on the west. It is divided into 8 counties, and has 5 representatives, 2 senators, and 7 electoral votes. Its surface is hilly. chief rivers are the Connect i cut, and Housatonic, the valley of the Connecticut being its most fertile region. Its chief agricultural products are ware, firearms, silks, cotton and woolen goods, and clocks. The capital is Hartford. It was settled by the Dutch at Hartford in 1633, and by Ma achusetts colonists in the Connecticut valley in 1633-36. Separate English colonies were formed at Say brook between 1636 and 1644, and at New Haven in 1638. Charles II. granted a charter to the Connecticut and New Haven colonies in 1662, and their union was soon after completed. The present constitution was adopted in 1818. The Pequot war occurred in 1637. The State is often nicknamed the "Nutmeg State," from an alleged custom of its merchants of manufacturing nutmegs out of wood; also called the Land of Steady Habits," from the stringency of the so-called "Blue which enjoined a rigid code of morals on its inhabitants. Area, 4,990 square miles. Population (1900), 908,420. Connecticut River. [Ind. Quonektacat , long river.) A river of New England, which rises in northern New Hampshire, separates Vermont from New Hampshire, flows through Ma achusetts and Connecticut, and empties into Long Island Sound at Say brook, in lat. 41° 16′ N., long. 72° 21′ W. On it are situated North amp ton, Holyoke, Springfield, Hartford, and Middle town. Length, about 500 miles; navigable for small ve els to Hartford. Connellsville (kon'elz-vil). A borough of Fayette County, Pennsylvania, situated on the Youghiogheny River 58 miles southeast of Pittsburg. It is noted for its coke manufacture. Population (1900), 7,160. Conne mar a (kon-e-mä'rä). A district in the western part of Galway, Ireland, noted for its picturesque scenery. Conner (kon'èr), David. Born at Harris burg, Pa., about 1792: died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 20, 1856. An American naval commander. He served in the War of 1812 and in the Mexican war. Connoi eur (kon-i-sūr' or -ser'), The. A periodical begun on Jan. 31, 1754, by George Colman the elder and Bonnell Thornton, and continued weekly for three years. In this periodical in 1756 appeared the first publications of William Cowper. His first paper was on "Keeping a Secret." Connor (kon'or), or O'Connor (ō-kon'or), Ber nard. Born in the county of Kerry, Ireland, about 1666: died at London, Oct., 1698. An Irish physician and historian. He was the author of "Di ert at i ones Medico-Physice" (1695), "Evangelium Medici," etc. (1697) (written to prove that the miracles of Christ and his apostles can be explained on natural grounds), "History Poland" (1698), received his technical education in France, was appointed phys i cian to King John Sobieski, lectured on contemporary medical discoveries at Oxford, and acquired a high reputation as a practitioner. Connubio (kon-nö'bē-ō). [It., 'marriage.'] In Sard in i an politics, the union of the left-center faction (under Rattazzi), in the chamber, with the right-center (under Cavour), about 1852. Conolly (kon'ol-i), John. Born at Market Rasen, Lincoln shire, England, May 27, 1794: died at Hanwell, near London, March 5, 1866. An Eng lish physician. He was profe or of the practice of medicine University College, London, 1828-30, director of the insane asylum at Hanwell 1839-44, where he introduced the principle of "non-restraint" ( i . e ., the abandonment of restraint by strait-waistcoats and the like) in the care of the patients. His humanitarian labors were widely influential. by Washington Irving, published in 1829. den, East Fries land, Nov. 9, 1606: died at Helmstedt, Brunswick, Dec. 12, 1681. A German physician, scholar, writer on jurisprudence, and miscellaneous author. He became profe or of natural philosophy at Helmstedt 1632, of medicine 1636, and later of politics. In 1660 he became privy councilor of the Duke of Brunswick. He was (1658) private physician of Charles X. Gustavus of Sweden. He wrote "De origine juris Germanic i" (1643), "Exercitationes de republic a Germanic a" (1675), etc. Consalvi (kon-salve), Ercole. Born at Rome, 8, 1757: died at Rome, Jan. 24, 1824. A Roman cardinal and statesman. He was secretary of state to Pius VII. 1800-06 and 1814-23, and concluded a concordat with Napoleon in 1801. Conscience (kon-syons'), Hendrik. Born at Antwerp, Dec. 3, 1812: died at Bru els, Sept. Salazar , Pedro de . Conrad (konʻrad) I. [ML. Conradus , lus , from OHG. Kuonrat , Chuonrat , It. Conrado , Corrado , Sp. Conrado , G. Konrad , AS. Cenred : 'bold in counsel.'] Died Dec. 23, 918. King of Germany 911-918. On the extinction of the Caroling i an house in Germany with the death of Louis the Child in 911, the election fell upon Conrad, duke of Franc on i a. During his reign the country was invaded by the Danes, Slavs, and Magyars, and he was constantly at war with his own subjects in a vain endeavor to enforce the recognition of his sovereignty, especially from Henry, duke of Saxony, son of Otto the Illustrious. Conrad II. Died at Utrecht, June 4, 1039. King of Germany 1024-39, and Roman emperor, called "The Salian": founder of the Franco 1026, brought the rebellious cities of Pavia and Ravenna to submi ion, and was crowned emperor at Rome 1027. He put down a rebellion of his stepson Ernst, duke of Swabia, 1025-30, made an inroad into Hungary 1030, regained Lusatia from the Poles 1031, and made himself master of Burgundy (i. e., the kingdom of Arles) 1033-34. He marched into Italy a second time 1036, but was compelled by the succe ful opposition of Milan to acknowledge by the constitution of May 28, 1037, the hereditary character of all Italian fiefs, whether held immediately of the crown or not. Conrad III. Born 1093: died at Bamberg, Germany, Feb. 15, 1152. King of Germany 1138-52, founder of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. He was elected in an irregular manner by the op posed to the house of Saxony, which gavrise awar with the rival candidate Henry the Proud, duke of Saxony and Bavaria. The war was continued after Henry's death (1139) by his brother Welf VI., whence arose the party names of the Ghi bel lines (Italian corruption of the name of the Hohenstaufen castle Waiblingen) and the Welfs or Guelphs. Conrad defeated Welf at Weinsberg in 1140, and took part (1147-49) in the second Crusade. Conrad IV. Born at Andria, Italy, April 25 (or 27), 1228: died at Lavello, Italy, May 21, 1254. King of Germany, second son of Frederick II. whom he succeeded in 1250. The imperial crown was contested by William, count of Holland, who maintained himself by the aid of the Guelphs. In 1251 Conrad undertook an expedition into Italy to enforce his right of succe ion to the crown of the Two Sicilies. He is said to have died of poison, leaving his infant son Conradin as the last heir of his race. The throne was occupied as regent by his illegitimate brother Manfred. See Manfred . Conrad (kon'räd), Karl Emanuel. Born at Berlin, March 30, 1810: died at Cologne, July 12, 1873. A German architectural painter and aquarellist. His chief work is the "Cathedral of Cologne" (in the Vatican). Conrad, Marquis of (Tyre and?) Montferrat. Died at Tyre, April 28, 1192. A famous Crusader. He succe fully defended Tyre against Salad in in 1187; married Isabella, a younger daughter of Amalric I. of Jerusalem, in 1190; and at the time of his death by the hand of an a a in had just been elected king of Jerusalem. Conrad (kon'rad), Robert Taylor. Born at Philadelphia, June 10, 1810: died at Philadelphia, June 27, 1858. An American jurist and dramatist. He published the tragedy of "Ayl mere" in 1852. Conrad, Timothy Abbott. Born in New Jersey, 1803: died at Trenton, N. J., Aug. 8, 1877. An American paleontologist. He was paleontologist of the New York Geological Survey 1838-41. His works include "Fo il Shells of the Tertiary Formations of North America" (1832), "Paleontology of the State of New York" (1838-40). Conrade (kon'rad). A follower of Don John in Shakspere's “Much Ado about Nothing": the bastard brother of Don Pedro. Conradin (kon'rä-dēn) (Conrad V.). Born near Land shut, Germany, March 25, 1252: beheaded at Naples, Oct. 29, 1268. Duke of Suabia, son of Conrad IV., and last of the Hohenstaufen. In 1268 he failed in an attempt to recover the Two Sicilies from the usurper Charles of Anjou; was captured at Tagliacozzo; and was executed. Conrart (kôn-rär'), Valentin. Born at Paris, 1603: died Sept. 23, 1675. A French littérateur, then entered the army as a volunteer. In 1845 he became profe or at the University of Ghent, and in 1868 custodian of the Wiertz Museum in Bru els. In 1837 appeared his first novel (the first, also, in modern Flemish), "In't Wonderjaer 1566" ("In the Year of Marvels 1566"). It was followed, the same year, by "Phantazy," a volume of short stories, and in 1838 by the novel "De leeuw van Vlaanderen" ("The Lion of Flanders"). In 1841 he was made secretary of the Academy of Arts at Antwerp, which became civil IMG:content-0369.png:[ocr errors] official in Court ray. His most celebrated works are stories of Flemish life. Among them are "Hoe men schilder wordt" ("How One becomes a Painter," 1843), "De arme edelman" ("The Poor Nobleman," 1851), "Het geluk van ryk te zyn" ("The Good Fortune to be Rich," 1855). More recent are, among others, "De burg eme ester van Luik" ("The Burgomaster of Liège"), "De junge Dokter" ("The Young Doctor"), "Benjamin van Vlaanderen," the last from 1880. Conscience Whigs. A faction of the Whig party in Ma achusetts who were opposed to the Cotton Whigs on the slavery question, about 1850. Conscious Lovers, The. A comedy by Steele, produced in 1722. It was taken from Terence's "Andria." In this play Steele attempted to free the stage from its indecencies. Consensus Gen evens is (kon-sen's us jen ven's is). A confe ion of faith, drawn up by Calvin, which was dedicated by the pastors of Geneva to the syndics and council of the city, Jan. 1, 1552. It was occasioned by Calvin's dispute with Bolsec, who denied the doctrine of reprobation, and was designed to unite the Swi churches on the subject of predestination, but failed to acquire symbolical author ity outside Geneva. Consensus Tigurinus (kon-sen's us tig-u-rī'nus). A confe ion of faith drawn up in 1549 at Zurich (L. Tigurium) by Calvin, in concert with Bullinger and the pastors of Zurich, for the purpose of uniting the Swi churches on the doctrine of the Lord's Supper. It was published in 1551, and was adopted by all the Reformed cantons except Bern. Conservative Club, The. A London political club established in 1840. The number of members is 1,200. Conservative Party, The. See Tories. Considérant (kon-se-dā-ron'), Victor. Born Oct. 12, 1808: died Dec. 27, 1893. A French socialist, a disciple of Fourier. He was accused of high treason in 1849, and fled to Belgium; from there he went to Texas, where (after returning once to Bru els) he sought to establish a socialistic society near San Antonio. He returned to France in 1869. His works include "La destinée sociale" (1834-38), etc. Consol a to del Mare (kon-so-lä'tō del mä're). [It., lit. 'consulate of the sea.'] A code of maritime law, supposed to be a compilation of the law and trading customs of various Italian cities, as Venice, Genoa, Pisa, and Amalfi, together with those of the cities with which they traded, as Barcelona, Marseilles, etc. Its precise date is unknown, but a Spanish edition of it was published at Barcelona at the end of the 13th or the beginning of the 14th century. It has formed the basis of most of the subsequent compilations of maritime law. Constable (kun's ta-bl), Archibald. Born at Carnbee, Fifes hire, Scotland, Feb. 24, 1774: died at Edinburgh, July 21, 1827. A noted Scottish publisher, founder of the "Edinburgh Review" (1802), and publisher of most of the works of Sir Walter Scott from 1805 until he became bankrupt in 1826. The failure of Constable and Co., with that of James Ballan tyne and Co., printers, involved Scott in a lo of £120,000. He edited the "Chron icle of Fife, being the Diary of John Lamont of Newton from 1649 to 1672" (1810), and wrote a "Memoir of George Heriot." Constable, Henry. Born at Newark, England, 1562: died at Liège, Belgium, Oct. 9, 1613. An English poet, son of Sir Robert Constable of Newark. He was graduated at Cambridge (St. John's College) in 1580; became a Roman Catholic; and for the greater part of his later life resided in Paris occupied with political affairs, and especially with schemes for promoting the interests of Catholicism. In 1603 he came to Lon Constable, Henry don, and was for a short time confined in the Tower. He published in 1592 a collection of 23 sonnets entitled "Diana: the Praises of his Mistre in certaine sweete Son nets by H. C." Constable, John. Born at East Bergholt, in Suffolk, England, June 11, 1776: died at London, March 30, 1837. A noted English landscape painter. His father was a miller. In 1799 he became a student at the Royal Academy; in 1802 exhibited his first picture; in 1819 became an a ociate of the Royal Academy; and in 1829 became a royal academician. He was thoroughly English: no foreign master influenced him, and rustic life furnished his inspiration and material. He obtained little recognition in his own country during IMG:content-0370.png:[blocks in formation] against the Arabs in Syria. He was poisoned by his son and succe or, Roman us II. He was a liberal patron of learning, and himself holds a high rank in literature as the author of a treatise on the government and one on the themes or provinces of the empire ("De admin i str an do imperio" and "De them at i bus"), and other works. [Gr. ὁ Παλαιό Constans II., Flavius Heraclius (originally Heraclius). Born Nov. 7, 630: killed at Syra- cuse, July 15, 668. Emperor of the East 641- 668, son of Const an tine III. In his reign the Sara. cens conquered Rhodes, and the Lombards most of the Byzantine dominions in northern Italy. He favored the Monothelites, and, in order to put an end to the contro- Constantinople. He was killed at the taking versy between them and the orthodox, i ued an edict which forbade all religious discu ion. Constans. The grandfather of King Arthur, celebrated in the Arthur i an romances. his produced a effect. Con stance (kon's tans). [ME. Custance, OF. Custance , F. Con stance , Sp. Costenza , Costanza , Pg . Const an cia, It. Costanza , G. Con stanze , L. Constant i a , lit. 'constancy.'] 1. In Chaucer's "Man of Law's Tale," the unjustly accused daughter of the Roman emperor. She is cleared and married to King Alla.-2. In Shakspere's "King John,"," the mother of Arthur, duke of Bretagne.-3. 3. The Northern La , in Brome's play of that name.-4. The daughter of Nonesuch, in love with Loveby, in Dryden's play "The Wild Gallant."-5. The daughter of Fond love in Sheridan Knowles's comedy "The Love Chase." Her love-affair with Wildrake is not unlike that of Benedick and Be at rice. - 6. The daughter of the Provost of Bruges, in G. W. Lovell's play of that name. She goes mad and dies when legally proved to be a serf. Con stance, or Custance, Dame Christian. A rich and beautiful widow in Udall's play "Ralph Roister Doister." Con stance de Beverley. See Beverley . Con stance. The southeasternmost district of Baden. Area, 1,609 square miles. Population (1890), 281,770. Con stance, G. Konstanz (kon'stänts), sometimes Kostnitz (kost'nits). A city of Baden, situated on Lake Con stance, at its outlet into