Lange, Carl He in rich Rudolf

Luther an (Mi ouri Synod); b. at Polnisch War ten berg, Silesia, Jan. 8, 1825; graduated at Breslau 1846, and licensed in St. Louis, Mo., 1848; since 1878 has been profe or of theology in Concord i a Seminai-y, St. Louis, Mo. He is the author of Lehrbuch der Englischen Sprache, Fort Wayne, Tnd., 1870; Kleines Lehrbuch der Englischen Sprache, Chicago, 111., 1873, 8th ed. St. Louis, 1883; A than as i us, De decretis Nic. Syn., Greek text, St. Louis, 1879; Just in us, Apologia!, Greek text, 1882. d. at Bonn, July 8, 1884. His father was a farmer and wagoner, and brought his son up in the same occupations, but allowed him at the same time to indulge his pa ion for reading. He was instructed in the Heidelberg Catechism, which is still used in the Reformed congregations of Pru ia, although they are since 1817 united with the Luther an under the name of the United Evangelical Church. His Latin teacher, the Rev. Hermann Kalthof, who discovered in him unusual talents, induced him to study theology. He attended the gymnasium at Dii eldorf, from Easter, 1821, till autumn, 1822; and the University of Bonn, where he was particularly influenced by Profe or Nitzsch, from 1822 till 1825. For a year after leaving the university he was at Langenberg, near Elberfeld, as a istant minister to the Rev. Emil Krummacher (brother of the celebrated Rev. Dr. Frederick William Krummacher), 1825-26; then became succe ively Reformed pastor of Wald, near Solingen, 1826; of Langenberg, 1828; and of Duisburg, 1832. While at Duisburg, he attracted attention by his brilliant articles in Hengstenberg's Evangel is che Kirchenzeitung and other periodicals, by his poems, and by his able work upon the history of the Saviour's infancy (see below) in refutation of Strau . In 1841, after Strau had been prevented from taking his profe orship of theology in the University of Zurich, Dr. Lange was called to the position. Here he elaborated his Life of Jesus (1844-47, see below), which is a positive refutation of the famous work of Strau , and had a wide circulation in German and English, and a marked effect upon the large subsequent literature on the subject. He remained in Zurich until 1854, when he was called to a profe orial chair in the University of Bonn. In 1860 he became consistorial rath. He labored ince antly as academic teacher and writer, and retained his faculties to the end. He ceased to lecture five days before his death. An American student(Bo ard) to whom he showed great kindne , and who informed me of the fact, called, and found him suffering from a cold, but reading and writing as usual, and full of animation and pleasant humor. Even a day before his death, he spoke of the beautiful summer and the beautiful Rhine, and hoped to resume his lectures shortly. "I never saw Lange appear happier than on this day; his eyes were brighter than ever, his countenance was serene, he was all kindne and friendline , and seemed at peace with the whole world." On the 8th of July he arose as usual, spent the morning among his books, and after dinner, while his daughter went down-stairs to get him his cup of coffee, he quietly fell asleep in his arm-chair, to awake no more on earth. Dr. Lange was small of stature, had a strong constitution, a benignant face, and bright eye which retained its strength to the last. He was twice happily married, lived in comfortable circumstances, and left a large and interesting family. He was simple in his tastes and habits, of unblemished character, genial, agreeable, full of kindne , wit, and humor, and even in his old age fully alive to all the religious, literary, and social questions of the day. He was at once a tive. He indulged in poetico-philosophical speculations, and sometimes soared high above the clouds. He was one of the most original and fertile theological authors of the nineteenth century. His theology is biblical and evangelical catholic. His most useful publication is his Bibelwerk, which has probably a larger circulation in Germany and America than any comrnentary of the same size, and is especially helpful to ministers. He organized the plan, engaged about twenty contributors, and commented himself on Matthew, Mark, John, Romans, Revelation, Genesis, Exodus, Levitic us, Numbers, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, giving original and brilliant homiletical hints- He was the author of Die Lehre der heiligen SchrifL von der freien und allgemeinen Gnade Gottes, Elbe'rfeld, 1831; Biblische Dichtungen, 1832-34, 2 vols.; Zehn Prediglen, 1833; Kleine pole misc he Gediclite, Duisburg, 1835; Gedichte und Spriiche aus dem Gebiete christlicher Naturbetrachtung, 1835; Die Welt des Herrn in didaktischen Gesdngen, E en, 1835; Ueber den gescluclitlichen Character der kanonischen Evangelien, in be son dere der Kindheitsgeschichte Jesu, mil Beziehung aufdas Leben Jesu von D. F. Strau , Duisburg, 1836; Das Land der Herriichkeit, oder die christliche Lehre vom Himmel Meurs, 1838; Die Verjinslerung der Welt, dargestellt in einem Cyklus von Lehrgedichten und Liedern, Berlin, 1838; Grundziige der urchrisllichen frohen Botschaft, Duisburg, 1839; Homilien iiber Col. Hi. 1-17. Eine praklische A uslegung dieses apos to lis chen 136 Aufrufs zum neuen Leben, Barmen, 1839, 4th ed. 1844; Vermischte Schriften, Meurs, 1 840-41, 4 vols., new series, Bielefeld, 1860-64, 3 vols.; Christliche Betrachtungen iiber zusammenhdngemle biblische Abschniite, fur die hausliche Erbauung, Duisburg, 1841; Welche Geltung gebilhrt der Eigenthiimlichkeit der reformirlen Kirche immer nock in der wi enschafdichen Glaubenslehre unserer Zeit? Eine Abhandlung als freie Ueberarbeitung seiner Amtriltsrede, Zih"ich, 1841; Deutsches Kirchenliederbuch oder die Lehre vom Kirchengesang, practische Abtheilung, 1843; Die kirchliche Hymnologie, oder die Lehre vom Kirchengesang, the ore tis che Abtheilung, im Grundri . Einleitung in das deutsche Kirchenliederbuch, 1843 (these two books were reprinted in the form of one work, under the title Geist liches Liederbuch, 1854); Gedichte, E en, 1843; Das Leben Jesu nach den Evangelien, Heidelberg (Book 1, 1844; Book 2, 3 parts, 1844-46; Book 3, 1847; English translation, Edinburgh, 1864, in 6 vols., new ed. Philadelphia, 1872); Worte der Abwehr (in Beziehung auf das Leben Jesu), Zurich, 1846 Ueber die Neugestaltung des Ver halt ni es zwischen Staat und Kirche, Heidelberg, 1848; Christliche Dogmatik, Heidelberg, 1849-52, 3 parts (i. Philosophical Dogmatics; ii. Positive Dogmatics; iii. Polemics and Irenics); Neutestamentliche Zeitgedichte, Frankfurt-am-Main, 1849; Briefe eines communist is chen Propheten, Breslau, 1850; Goethes religiose Poesie, 1850; Die Geschichte der Kirche, Brunswick, 1853-54 (1. Theil, Das apos to lis che Zeitalter, 2 vols.); Vom Oelberge. Geistliche Dichtungen, Frankfurt-am-Main, 1853, 2d ed. 1858; Auswahl von Gastund Gelegenheits-Predigten aus meinen Zurcherischen L,ebensjahren, Bonn, 1855, 2d ed. 1857; edited (and contributed commentaries on Matthew, Mark, John, Romans, James [critical and exegetical notes, introduction, and translation], Revelation, Genesis, Exodus, Levitic us, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi), Theologisch-homiletisches Bibelwerk, Bielefeld, 1857-76 (New Testament, 1857-71, 16 parts; Old Testament, 1865-76, 20), American trans., enlarged and adapted, edited by Schaff in connection with different American scholars, New York, 1864-74, 24 vols, (in the American series is included Bi ell's Commentary on the Apocrypha, 1880); Das Sic et Non, oder die Ja-u. Nein-Theologie der modernen Thcologen, 1869, pp. 18; Zur Psychologic in der Theologie, Abhandlungen und Vortrage, Heidelberg, 1873; Ueber die Ri e und Zerkluftungen in der heutigen Gesellschaft, 1876, pp. 26; Grundri der theolog is chen Encyklopddie mit Einschlu der Metho do logie, 1877; Grundri derbiblischen Hermeneutik, 1878; Grundri der christ lichen Ethik, 1878; Grundlinien einer kirchlichen Anstandslehre, 1879; Die Menschen-u. Selbstverachtung als Grundschaden unserer Zeit. Eine Folge der Verwahrlosung der Lehre von der Gottverivandtschaft des Menschen, 1879; Grundri der Bibelkunde, 1881; Meine Verwickelung mit dem Methodism us der sogenannten Albrechtsleute, Bonn, 1881; Entweder Mysterien oder Absurdum. Zur Festnagelungen haltloser Geister, 1882 (pp. 29) Gegen d. Erklarung d. Organ f. positive Union zu Gunslen e. bedingten Anerkennung d. Mi ion i rens der Method is ten in der evangel is chen Kirche Dcutschlands, 1883 (pp. 34); Die biblische Lehre von der Erwahlung, Zur Apologie der Geistesaristokratie, 1883 (pp. 4S). PHILIP SCHAFF.