Oils

A general term applied to liquids insoluble or difficultly soluble in water; the neutral liquids obtained from animal and plant ti ues. Fixed oils undergo decomposition when distilled alone or with steam. Volatile or e ential oils distill without decomposition. The common fixed oils are the glyceryl salts of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. Drying oils slowly absorb oxygen from the air and become converted into varnishes; e.g., linseed and hemp. They consist generally of the glyceryl salts of linoleic and other unsaturated acids of the same cla . The e ential oils are hydrocarbons, terpenes, ethereal salts, ketones, phenols, aldehydes, acids, or mixtures of these. Oilstone. Fine-grained siliceous stone used for sharpening knives and other edged tools; whetstone.