July

Quintilio or fifth month of the old Roman calendar, became the seventh of the Greg or i an. Renamed in honor of himself by Julius Cæsar. IMG:content-0890.jpg:[blocks in formation] Jumna, JAMNA, or JAMUNA. Branch of the Ganges. heading in the Him a lay as. Length 860 m., drain- age area 118,000 sq. m. Jump. In mining, equivalent of fault. To "jump a claim," in Cal. especially, is to occupy and work one left without evidence of ownership. Jumper. Drill for cutting holes in rock. It is held held by by one man while another strikes blows upon it with a heavy hammer. Jumpers. Indi- viduals affected with convulsive move- ments of the body, so that they have a ten- IMG:content-0891.jpg:[graphic] IMG:content-0892.png:[graphic][merged small] Jungfrau. Peak of the Bernese Alps, first ascended 1811. Altitude 13,671 feet. Jungle Fowl. Wild tock, from which our domestic fowls have been derived; inhabiting the jungles of s. India and adjacent islands. Four or five species are known. To a large extent they seem to be monogamous, but otherwise exhibit the general characteristics of our barn-yard fowls. Jungmann, JOSEF, 1773-1847. Prof.at Prague from 1815; historian of Bohemian literature (1825), lexicographer. Tr. Paradise Lost , 1811. IMG:content-0893.jpg:[graphic] utes; gravity at surface 2.65 that at the earth. It has five satellites; four were discovered by Galileo 1610; no others were suspected until Sept. 9, 1892, when Barnard discovered the fifth in order of time with the 36-inch equatorial of the Lick observatory. IMG:content-0894.jpg:[blocks in formation] Jupiter's Satellites Sidereal Period IMG:content-0895.jpg:[blocks in formation] are comnionly of brown or reddish color, distributed in directions parallel to the equator. As they are constantly changing in appearance and position it is certain that they are only atmospheric in character. Besides the belts, there are spots of various form and color, some of which continue visible for many years. The most remarkable case known is that of the great red spot first seen July 1878 and still visible, though it has undergone great changes meanwhile. Some have supposed it to belong to the solid body of the planet; but, as it has been found to be itself in motion upon the planet, this is not po ible.