royal mines

pl. Mines of gold and silver. royal-oak, s. 1. Ord. Lang .: An oak in Boscobel Wood, England, in which Charles II. is said to have taken shelter after the battle of Worcester, hence a frequent public-house sign. *2. Astron .: Robur Carolinum . ( Halley .) Royal Observatory, s . [OBSERVATORY, 1.] *royal-rich, a . Rich as a king; rich or gorgeous enough for a king. royalty Royal Society, subst . A society for prosecuting research in general and physico-mathematical science in particular, founded in London in 1660. In 1645, a few friends, including Drs. Wilkins and Wallis, established a scientific club in the metropolis, which maintained a checkered and intermittent existence sometimes in London, at others in Oxford, till at length being revived at the Restoration it became the parent of the Royal Society. At a meeting of the club, held Nov. 28, 1660, the formation of a new society was resolved on, and its scope and constitution defined. Its first public action took place on Dec. 5, 1660, and the members, in 1662, obtained a charter, and were incorporated as the Royal Society. Charles II. flattered himself that he was its founder, and among the names of its fellows was that of the Duke of York, afterward James II. Sir Isaac Newton was elected a fellow in Jan., 1672, admitted in Feb., 1672, and in 1703 became president. The first number of the Philo sophical Transactions , recording the work of the society, appeared on March 6, 1665. After 1800 the annual volume took the place of occasional numbers. In 1709, a bequest from Sir Godfrey Copley led to the establishment of the Copley gold medal. and a donation from Count Rumford, in 1796, resulted in the foundation of the Rumford gold and silver medals. Two more medals were established by George IV. in 1825. The Linnæan Society branched off from it in 1788, the Geological Society in 1807, and the Royal Astronomical Society in 1820. For a considerable time the number of the members stood at 600; latterly, however, only fifteen members have been annually elected, so that the number of fellows will in a few years be reduced below 500. With the exception of a small Roman Academy,the Royal Society of London was the first of the kind established, the Royal Academy of Science at Paris not having arisen till 1666. (1) The Royal Society of Edinburgh: A Scotch society of a similar type to the English institution, which was incorporated in 1783, having been devel. oped from the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh, commenced in 1739. (2) Royal Society of Literature : A society founded in England under the patronage of George IV., in 1823, and chartered in 1826. It awards gold medals. royal-standard, s. [STANDARD.] IMG:content-0787.png:[blocks in formation] roy-al-ist, s. & a. [Fr. royal i ste.] A. As subst.: An adherent or supporter of monarchical government; spec if. applied to- (1) An adherent of Charles I. and Charles II. in the Civil War, as opposed to a Round head (q. v.). (2) An adherent of the Bourbon family after the French Revolution. B. As adj .: Supporting monarchical government; belonging to the Royalists. roy-al-ize, v . t . & i. [Eng. royal ; -ize .] A. Trans.: To make royal. B. In trans.: To bear royal sway. "If long he look to rule and royalize ." Sylvester: Magnificence, 79 roy-al-ly, adv . [Eng. royal ; -ly .] In a royal manner; like a king; as becomes a king. *roy alme, s. [O. Fr., Fr. royaume .] A kingdom. a realm (q. v.). roy-al-ty, *roy-al-te, *roy-al-tie, s . [O. Fr. realte, reialte, royaulte (Fr. royauté ), from Latin regalitatem , acc us. of regal it as , from regal is regal (Q.V.).] 1. The state, character, or dignity of a king; the condition of a person of royal rank. "Is this the royalty of Albion's king?" Shakesp.: Henry VI., Pt . II ., i. 3. 2. The state of being of royal birth; royal extraction. "By the royalties of both your bloods." IMG:content-0788.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0789.png:[blocks in formation] royena 6. A right or prerogative of a sovereign; especially a seigniorage due to a king from a manor of which he is lord. "With the property were connected royalties ."-Macaulay: Hist. Eng . , ch. xxi. 7. A tax paid to the crown or to the landlord on the produce of a mine. ( Eng .) 8. A tax paid to a person who holds a grant of a patent for the use of such patent; it is generally at a certain rate for each article manufactured; a percentage paid to the owner of an article for its use; hence, a percentage of profits paid to an author for the privilege of publishing his works. *9. An emblem of royalty. "Did give him that same royalty he wears." Shakesp.: Henry IV., Pt. I., iv. 3. 10. A royal manor; a manor. "Some extraordinary takes of salmon have been secured in the Avon royalty here this week." -London Daily Telegraph. 11. A kingdom, a domain, a province, a sphere. 12. The area occupied by a royal burgh; ( pl . ) the bounds of a royal burgh. ( Scotch . )