KIAOCHOW

or CHIAO-CHOT, in., harbor, and dist. (area, c. 220 sq. m.), S. years’ lease from China by Germany, 1897, and developed; had thirty-three townships and native pop. of 192,000; Tsing-tau, the port, turned into powerful fortre with entrenched camp; harbor constructed; naval station; ‘a model of Ger. kultur’; declared a protectorate in 1898. At outbreak of World War, Japan demanded its surrender; on refusal, Kamio with Jap. army, a isted by Brit. force (S. Wales Borderers and 500 Sikhs) under General Bar nard is ton, marched on Tsing-tau; vigorous bombardment from sea; Ger. warships replied, but were driven off and one sunk, Final a ault on fortre , on Nov. 7, 1914; the terms of surrender signed that evening. By Treaty of Versailles, 1919, Germany renounced all rights to Japan, which, in turn, transferred po e ion of the city, to China, in 1923. 10’ E.), harbor, S. of Shantung peninsula, China,