Albany, Albainn

or ALBINN, a name anciently given to the Highlands of Scotland. See ALBION. - The title of Duke of Albany was conferred, in 1398, on the brother of King Robert III.; and subsequently on Alexander, second son of King James II.; on Henry, Lord Darnley; on Charles I. and James II., when infants; and on Frederick, second son of George III. Prince Charles Edward Stuart a umed the appellation of Count Albany as an incognito title. IMG:content-0123.jpg:[ocr errors] ley Observatory; the Institute for the Collection and Diffusing of Scientific Information; the State Normal School; the Young Men's A ociation, etc. Besides the valuable libraries pertaining to these institutions, Fig. 70.-DUDLEY OBSERVATORY. there is the State Library, connected with the Capitol, and numbering 100,000 volumes. About twenty daily or weekly papers are published in A. There are 80 churches, the most imposing and prominent being the Catholic and Protestant Episcopal Cathedrals, each situated on a commanding eminence. -Commerce. A. is favorably situated as a commercial town. It is connected by railroad with the principal places in the Union, and an immense amount of freight arriving by the Erie and Cham plain canals, here enters the Hudson river. The principal articles of commerce are grain, cattle, and lumber, enormous quantities of which pa through the city annually. Besides its transit trade, A. has numerous and extensive iron-foundries, 2 large blast-furnaces, several large boot-and-shoe factories, 15 breweries and as many malt-houses, and large manufactories of pianos, card-board, metallic wares, glazed and colored papers, . - Hotels . There are a number of popular hotels, several of which are cla ed with the best of the country. The Indian name of 4. was Scho - negh - ta - da , signifying "over the plains." In 1613, the first European ve el-the Half Moon, Capt. Hendrick Hudson-ascended the Hudson as far as A. In 1614 the first settlement was made by the Dutch, who established on Boyd's Island a trading-post and fort, which was succe ively named Fort Orange, Beaverwyck, Williamstadt, and the Fuyck. In 1664 it came into the po e ion of the English, who gave it its present name, after James II., at that time Duke of York and Albany. In 1686, A. was organized under a charter as a city. In 1797, A. became the capital of the State; but the introduction of steamboats on the Hudson, and the completion of the Erie Canal, have been the true sources of its prosperity. Albany is the seat of a Catholic and of a Protestant Episcopal bishop. It is governed by a mayor and nineteen aldermen, and is divided into 17 wards. Population in 1800, 5,289; in 1850, 50,703; in 1870, 69,422; and in 1890, 94,923; now (1897) estimated at over 100,000. Albany, in Georgia , a town of Dougherty county, on Flint River, and at the mouth of Kinchafoonee Creek, 120 miles S.W. of Milledgeville. Steamboats ascend the river from the Gulf of Mexico to this place. There are shipped annually from this place about 12,000 bales of IMG:content-0124.jpg:[blocks in formation] field. Albany, in Indiana, a post-village of Delaware co., about 10 miles N.E. of Muncie. Al'bany, in Iowa , a post-village of Davis co., about 16 miles S.W. of Ottumwa. - Also , a village of Fayette co., on the Volga river, about 9 miles S. by E. of West Union. Albany, in Kansas, a post-village of Nemaha co., 75 m. N.W. of Leaven worth. Albany, in Kentucky, a township, cap. of Clinton co., principally drained by the Norma us kill and Cat skill Albany, in Maine , a post-township of Oxford co., 25 creeks. Area , about 483 square miles. The surface is level or slightly undulating along the rivers, but rough and mountainous in the W. and N. The soil, fertile along the Hudson, is generally sandy in the interior. Organized in 1683; Cap . , Albany; Pop . (1890), 164,155. ALBANY, the cap. of the above county, on the W. bank of the Hudson river, at the head of sloop navigation, and near the head of tide-water. Lat. 42° 39′49′′ N.; lon. 73° 44′ 33′′ W.; 141 miles N. of New York, 164 W. of Boston, 370 N.E. of Washington, and 230 S. of Mon- treal. A. is the legislative capital of New York, and in population, wealth, and commerce, the fourth city in that State The old parts of the town were not laid out with much regularity, but the recent streets are spa-Al'bany, in Tenne ee , a post-village of Greene co., 106 cio us and regular. Among the public buildings are miles W. by N. of Paris. Al'bany, in Mi ouri , a town, capital of Gentry co., on the W. fork of Grand river, 45 miles N. E. of St. Joseph. Albany, in New Hampshire , a post-township of Carroll co., 60 miles N. by E. of Concord. Al'bany, in Ohio , a village of Athens co., about 44 miles E. by S. of Chilli cot he.-A post-village of Tus- car a was co. Al'bany, in Oregon , a city, and the capital of Linn co., at the junction of the rivers Willamette and Callapooya, about 25 miles S. of Salem. Al'bany, in Pennsylvania, a post-township of Berks co. -Also, a township of Bradford co. miles W. of Nashville. the new State capitol (see Fig . 1946), which, if not the Albany, in Vermont , a post-township of Orleans co., 6 finest, is certainly among the most costly structures m. S. of Irasburg. of its kind in the world; the old State hall, a fine structure of white marble, the new post-office, the city buildings, . Albany is celebrated among the American cities for its educational and literary in- stitutions. The principal are: the University, an in- stitution of a high character, embracing all depart- ments of science, and connected with the splendid Dud-Africa; bounded on the N. and N.E. by the Great Fish Albany, in Wisconsin , a post-village and township of Greene county, on Sugar river, 16 miles from Monroe. -A township of Marquette county.-A township of Pepin co. Albany, a district situated at the eastern extremity of the English colony of the Cape of Good Hope, in South IMG:content-0125.jpg:[graphic] Fig. 71. - WANDERING ALBATROSS. (Diomedea ezulans.) in immense flocks about Behring's Straits in the early part of summer, attracted thither by the vast shoals of fish, whose migrations they follow. Its powers of flight are prodigious. One of its eggs weighs about one pound. When sailors accidentally fall overboard in lat. where the A. abounds, they find it a most formidable enemy, even should only a few minutes elapse before they can be rescued by their comrades. Al'baville, in Nebraska , a village of Hall co. Albe'it, adv . (A coalition of the words all be it so.] Although; notwithstanding; though it should be of one, whose eyes, Albeit unused to the melting mood, Drop tears, as fast as the Arabian trees Their medicinal gum."-Shak. Albemarle', DUKE OF. See MONK. Albemarle, in North Carolina , a township, cap. of Stanley co., 120 m. W.S.W. of Raleigh. Albemarle, in Mi i ippi , a village of Carroll co. Albemarle', in Virginia , a very picturesque and fertile county, situated in the E. central part of the State. Area , about 700 square miles. - Mount . The Southwest Mountain ridge, called also Carter's Mountains, cro es the county in the N.E. and S.W. direction. The Blue Ridge forms its N.W. boundary.-Rivers. The Rivanna, Hardware, and James. -Prod., principally to bacco and corn. Cap . Charlottesville. Poр . (1890), 32,379, This county is intersected by the Central Railroad of Virginia. It gave birth to Thomas Jefferson, 3d Presi dent of the United States. Albemarle Sound, on the coast of North Carolina, in the N.E. part of the State, being 60 m. long from E. to W., and from 4 to 25 wide. It communicates with Pamlico Sound and the ocean by several narrow inlets, and with Chesapeake Bay by a canal cut through the Dismal Swamp. Alben'ga, a seaport town of Northern Italy, prov. Ge noa, 44 m. S.W. of Genoa, on the Ceuta; pop . 4,189. It is the anc. Albium Ingaunum.