calcium (kalsium)

[NL., A cunning man did calculate my birth, And told me that by water I should die. Shak., 2 Hen. VI., iv. 1. 2. To make an estimate of; compute by weighing related facts or circumstances in the mind: as, to calculate chances or probabilities.-3. To fit or prepare by the adaptation of means to the end; make suitable; plan: generally in the perfect participle, and frequently (though improperly) in the sense of fitted, without any thought of intentional adaptation. He does not think the Church of England so narrowly calculated that it cannot fall in with any regular species of government. Swift, Sentiments of a Ch. of Eng. Man, ii. Religion...is... calculated for our benefit. Til lots on. There is no human invention so aptly calculated for the forming a free-born people as that of a theatre. Steele, Tatler, No. 167. calculating (kal'kū-lā-ting), p. a. [Ppr. of cal culate, v.] Given to forethought and calculation; especially, given to looking ahead with thoughtful regard to self-interest; deliberate and selfish; scheming. With his cool calculating disposition, he easily got the better of his ardent rival. Godwin, St. Leon. calculating-machine (kal'kū-la-ting-mashēn"), n . Any machine which performs nümerical calculations. The principal kinds are: (a) Multiplying and dividing machines. (6) Difference-engines, which calculate and print tables from the initial values of the tabular number and its first, second, etc., differences. The first of these was that of Babbage, of which the Scheutz machine, now at the Albany observa tory, is a modificationed) The analytical engine of Bab bage, which was to calculate and print tables of a function from constants, but was never actually constructed. (d) Tide-predicting machines, of which several have been constructed, with one of which, that of Ferrel, the regular tide-tables published by the United States Const Survey are now computed. (e) Machines for integrating differential equations, though these are rather instruments than machines. (f) Logical machines, for deducing conclusions from premises. There are also important instruments for performing calculations, which are not usually called machines. Such are abacus, the celestial globe, and Hill's machine for predicting eclipses and occultations, used in the calculation of the American ephemeris. (See cut under abacus.) There are also various calculating-scales, such as Napier's bones. Many of these considerable utility, such as stick gaging cylindrical ve els, and the gagers' rod. Some instruments perform calculations subsidiary to the proce of measurement, as the planimeter.