BUDAPEST

cap., republic of Hungary (47° 30’ N., 19° 4’ E.); consists of two towns, Buda and Pest, on opposite banks of Danube, which were united in 1873. Buda (or Ofen) is principal seat of government; royal palace and houses of parliament situated here; Pest is commercial center, but contains houses of parliament (completed 1903), univ., museum, and art collections; there are many fine churches, notably the St. Matthias church in Buda, and the Leopoldstadt basilica in Pest. Budapest contains many mineral springs, some of which were known in Roman times, and some splendid baths. Buda originated in Roman military colony of Aquincum; Romans withdrew in late 4th cent. A.D., after which place was succe ively occupied by Huns, Goths, and other barbarian peoples; taken by Magyars in 10th cent.; ruined by Mongols in 1241; restored by Bela IV.; fell to Turks (1526); became Hungarian cap. (1867); occupied by Rumania for short time in Aug. 1919. Industries include flour milling, tanning, sugar refining, distilling, manufacture of cutlery, gold and silver goods, tobacco, etc.; trade carried on in corn, wine, spirits, cattle, and famous Hungarian fiour. Inhabitants are GerImans, Magyars, together with other town, United Provinces, India. Pop. 41,000. Budaun (27° 38’ to 28° 29’ N., 78° 21’ to 79° 35’ E.), district; area, c. 2,000 sq. miles. Pop. 1,200,000.