GHIRLANDAJO, DOMENICO DEL

(1449-94), Ital. fresco painter; s. of, Toma o Bigardi; apprenticed to goldsmith; and from making ghirlande earned name, his best work being the scenes,! which he painted with his bro. David,’ from the lives of St. John the Baptist and the Virgin Mary in Santa Maria, Novella, Florence; had as pupil Michel-; angelo; his portrait of Giovanna To urn abu on one of the supreme achievements’ in whole portraiture of Italian Renai ance. His bro. Benedetto was also a distinguished artist. 1560), Ital. artist; s. of Domenico G., E.), ancient kingdom of Afghanistan; constituting mountainous district EH. of Herat; little known of history of G. except when interwoven with that of Ghazni; capital in XII. cent., Firoz Koh; extensive ruins found in Murghab valley, at Taiwara, and elsewhere. Besides other streams, the Hari-rud, Farah-rud, and Khash-rud originate in G.:; valleys generally well cultivated.