Bergen, Dirk

VAN DEN, a celebrated Dutch landscape and animal painter, who was a pupil of Van der veldt; B. at Haarlem in 1645; D. 1689. Ber'gen, one of the S. provinces of Norway, bounded on the N. by Drontheim, S. by Christians and, E. by Agger sha us, and W. by the N. Atlantic Ocean. It is divided into two amts , viz., S. Bergenhus, and N. Bergenhus. Area , 590 geog. sq. m. The whole province is extremely mountainous, and entirely surrounded on its E. frontier by the towering range of the Norwegian Alps, while on its W. seaboard, the coast-line is cut into deep fiords , bays, and estuaries, presenting a wild, rugged, and deeply-rifted frontier to the ocean. Prod. Timber, tar, fish and cattle. Pop . 267,354. BERGEN, a large and fortified seaport-town, and cap. of the above prov., is situated at the bottom of a deep bay, 190 m. W.N.W. of Christiania; Lat. 60° 24' N.; Lon. 5o 18′ E. B. (like nearly all Norwegian towns) is almost entirely built of wood, and has, accordingly, been frequently subjected to calamitous fires. Manf . Salt, tar, turpentine; it also carries on a considerable trade in timber and fish. Bergen, a town of Pru ia, cap. of the island of Rügen, in the Baltic, 15 m. N.E. of Stralsund. It stands almost in the centre of the island. Pop . about 4,000. Bergen, in Minnesota, a post-township of McLeod county. Bergen, in New Jersey, a N.E. co., bordering on New York; area , 350 sq. m. Cup . Hackensack. Ber'gen, in New York , a twp. of Gene see co. Bergen, in Wisconsin, a township of Vernon county, on the Mi i ippi River, about 14 miles below La Cro e. Bergen-op-Zoom, or BERG-OP-ZOOM, ( bairgen -op zoom ,) a strongly fortified town of the Netherlands, on the Zoom, prov. Brabant, 22 m. W.S.W. of Breda, near the E. Scheldt, and on the railway from Antwerp to Rotter dam. Manf . Anchovies, and earthenware. - B. was one of the first towns occupied by the States-General. In 1622 it stood a memorable siege by the Spaniards, who retired, after losing 10,000 men. In 1747 it was taken by the French, and again in 1794. In 1814 it was nearly taken by the British by a coup de main , but they were finally repulsed with considerable lo . Pop. 9,779. Ber'gen Point, in New Jersey, a P. O. of Hudson co. Berger, in Mi ouri , a post-village of Franklin co., on the S. bank of the Mi ouri River, 50 m. of Jefferson city. Bergerac, ( bairzh'e -rak',) a thriving and well-built town of France, dep. Dordogne, in an extensive and fertile plain, on the Dordogne, 27 m. S.S.W. of Périgueux. Manf . Iron and copper goods, . Pop . 13,317. Berger's Store, in Virginia , a P.O. of Pittsylvania.co. Bergh'em, NIKOLAAS, a Dutch landscape and portrait painter, B. at Haarlem, 1624. He was a good etcher, in addition to his merits as a painter. One of his pictures is in the National Gallery, London. D. 1683. Berkley Rapids, in low a , a village of Benton co., on the Cedar, about 15 m. W.S.W. of Cedar Rapids. Berks, or Berks hire, ( burk's hur ,) an inland co. of England, having N. Oxford and Bucks, from which it is separated by the river Thames, E. Surrey, S. Hampshire, and W. Wilts hire, and a part of Gloucester. Area, 451,210 acres. This is a very beautiful co., with every variety of soil and surface, and well timbered. Wind sor Castle, the chief residence of the English sovereigns, is in this co. Prin. Towns, Reading (the cap.), Windsor, and Abingdon. m. Berks, in Pennsylvania , a S. E. county; area , 920 sq. It is drained by the Schuylkill River, which flows through it in a S.E. direction, and by Tulpehocken, Maiden, Man a tawny, and Little Swatara creeks. The Kittatinny, or Blue Mountain, forms its N.W. boundary, and its S.E. central part is cut by the South Mountain or Blue Ridge. The soil is highly productive, and under good cultivation. Iron mines are numerous. Reading. Cap . Berks hire, in Illinois , a village of Kane co., 50 m. W. by N. of Chicago. Berks hire, in Ma achusetts , a W. co., of about 1000 sq. m., drained by the Housatonic, Deer field, Farming- ton, and Hoosick rivers. Surface uneven, Saddle Moun- tain, in the N. part, being the highest point in Ma a- chusetts. Soil , fertile, and presenting fine pastures. Marble, iron-ore, and limestone are plenty. Cap . Pitts- field, Pop . (1898) 90,150. Bergholtz, in New York , a post-office of Niagara co. Berg'man, TORBEN OLAF, an eminent Swedish chemist, B. 1735. He studied at Upsal University, where he be- came, in 1767, profe or of chemistry. His discoveries and services to science were very numerous. He proved the acid properties of carbonic acid, discovered oxalic acid, and was one of the first to make chemical analyses of mineral bodies. He made experiments in electricity, co., 15 m. N.N.E. of Owego. and published an E ay on Elective Attractions. D. 1784. Berg'mehl, n. [Sw. and Ger., mountain meal.] ( Geol . ) A whitish earth, consisting almost entirely of the flinty shields of microscopic plant-growths, (see DIATOM A CEE.) It occurs in bog and ancient lake deposits in many parts of Northern Europe, and, during times of great scarcity, it has been, when mixed with flour, eaten as food. Some writers a ert that hundreds of cart-loads are consumed every year by the inhabitants of the north of Sweden. From analysis, it does not appear to contain any positive nutriment. -A post-office of the above co. Berks hire, in New York , a post-township of Tioga Berks hire, in Ohio , a post-village and township of Delaware co., about 24 miles N.N.E. of the city of Co- lumbus. Ber'goo, n. See WADAY. Bergues, ( bairg ',) a town of France, dep. Nord, on the Colme, 5 m. S.S.E. of Dunker que. The town is strongly fortified by Vauban, and has the means of laying the plain around it under water. Though old, it is pretty well built. Pop . 6,624. Beriberi, ber - e - be're.) ( Med .) A peculiar form of scro- fula, found only to exist in the East Indies, and having several characters of the disease known in the West In- dies as elephantiasis. This disease comes on with spas- modic twitchings of the lower extremities, darting up- ward to the chest and throat, and producing great de- bility, cædem a, or swelling of the legs and body, accom- panied by a congested state of the brain, drowsine , and coma. Bering. See BEHRING. Berja, ( bairzh'a ,) a town of Spain, on the S. slope of the Sierra de Gador, 22 m. W. of Almeria; pop . 10,000. IMG:content-0597.png:[blocks in formation] Berks hire, in Vermont , a post-township of Franklin co., about 50 m. N. by E. of Montpelier, on the N. side of Mi is que river. Berks hire Hill, in New York , a section of farming-land of great fertility, on the heights between the East and West Owego creeks, in the township of Berks hire, Tioga co. Berks hire Valley, in New Jersey, a village of Morris co., N.E. from Morris town. Berlen'gas, a group of rocky islands in the Atlantic, off the W. coast of the Portuguese prov. of Estremadura, 10 m. N.W. of Peniche.