article (artikl)

[ The first pair of legs [of the whip-scorpion) is the long est, and the tarsal joint is broken up into a long series of Stand . Nat . Hist ., II. 122. articles. 3. In bot., the name formerly given to that part of a stalk or stem which is between two joints. Hence-4. A separate member or portion of anything. In particular-( a ) A clause, item, point, point, int, or particular in a contract, treaty, 326 1ς, ἀνὴρ ὁ ἀγαθός, literally, man the good, for (the) man who (is) good, that is, the good man.] - Articles of a ociation, or articles of incorporation, the certificate filed, in conformity with a general law, by persons who desire to become a corporation, and setting forth the rules and conditions upon which the a ociation or corporation is founded. - Articles of Confederation. See confederation. - Articles of faith, the main or e ential points of religious belief; specifically, an authoritative and binding statement of such points as held by a particular church or denomination; a doctrinal creed. - Articles of impeachment, the accusations in writing which form the basis of an impeachment trial. They take the place of the indictment in ordinary criminal, and of the declara tion or complaint in civil, actions. - Articles of Perth, five articles agreed upon at a General A embly of the Church of Scotland convened by James VI. in 1618, enjoining certain episcopal observances, such as the observance of feast-days, kneeling at the Lord's supper, etc. They were ratified by the Scotch Parliament in 1621, and became a subject of bitter controversy between the king and the people. - Articles of the peace, an obligation to keep the peace for a certain time, under a penalty, and with or without sureties, imposed upon an individual against whom some one has exhibited a complaint that there is just cause to fear that the party complained of will burn the complainant's house or do him some bodily harm, or procure a third person to do it. - Articles of Schmalkald, articles of Protestant faith drawn up by Luther, and submitted to a meeting of electors, princes, and states at Schmalkald (or Schmalkalden), Germany, in in 1537, 1537, designed designed to to show show how how far far the the protestants Protestants were were 'Tis direct Against our articles . B. Jonson, Alchemist, v. 2. (b) A distinct proposition in a connected series; one of the particulars constituting a system: as, the Thirty-nine Articles; the articles of religion. A Minister should preach according to the Articles of Religion Established in the Church where he is. Selden, Table-Talk, p. 72. Cried amen to my creed's one article . Browning , Ring and Book, II. 256. (c) A separate clause or provision of a statute: as, the act of the six articles (see below). (d) A distinct charge or count: as, articles of impeachment. (e) A distinct item in an account or a list. ( f ) One of a series of regulations: as, the articles of war.-5. A literary composition on a specific topic, forming an independent portion of a book or literary publication, especially of a newspaper, magazine, review, or other periodical: as, an article on war, or on earthquakes and their causes.-6. A material thing as part of a cla , or, absolutely, a particular substance or commodity: as, an article of merchandise; an article of clothing; salt is a nece ary article.-7. A particular immaterial thing; a matter. Where nature has bestowed a show of nice attention in the features of a man, he should laugh at it as misplaced. I have seen men, who in this vain article, perhaps might rank above you. Sheridan, The Rivals, iii. 2. 8t. A concern; a piece of busine ; a subject. -9. A point or nick of time joining two succe ive periods; a juncture; a moment; the moment or very moment. [Now rare or obsolete except in the phrase in the article of death (which see, below).] Could my breath Now execute 'em, they should not enjoy An article of time. B. Jonson, Cat i line, v. 6. This fatal newes coming to Hick's Hall upon the article of my Lord Ru el's trial was said to have had no little in fluence on the jury and all the bench to his prejudice. An infirm building just in the article of falling. Evelyn . Wollaston, Relig. of Nat., v. 99. 10t. The number 10, or any number ending in a cipher.-11. In gram ., a word used attributively to limit the application of a noun to one individual or set of individuals, and also to indicate whether the noun used signifies indefinitely one or any one of the cla which it names, or definitely a specific object of thought. The two articles are regarded as a distinct part of speech. They are in English an (before consonant-sounds a) and the . An was originally the same word as one , and in meaning is an unemphatic any ; it singles out an individual as an example of a cla , any other member of the cla being capable of serving as example equally well. A or an is accordingly called the indefinite article. The was originally a demonstrative pronoun, and in meaning is an unemphatic this or that ; it points out a particular individual or set of individuals, and is consequently known as the definite article. Articles may therefore be regarded as a specialized and segregated cla of pronouns. Some languages, as Latin, have no articles; others, as Hebrew and Greek, have the definite article only. The indefinite article is always of later formation than the definite. [The name article is a translation of the word ἄρθρον , joint, which was applied by the Greek grammarians to the one article of language (the definite), on account of its frequent use after the manner of a relative to join an adjective to a noun: ment and discipline of the army and navy. In Great Britain they are embodied in the Mutiny Act, which is pa ed every year. The articles of war of the United States are 128 in number; anything relating to the army not comprehended therein is published in general orders or in established regulations, i ued from time to time by the War Department, copies of which are furnished and read to the troops.- City article. See city. - In the article of, in the matter of; as regards. As he [T. L. K. Oliphant] views matters, we have been steadily going down hill, in the article of our mother tongue. F. Hall , N. A. Rev., CXIX. 321. In the article of death (Latin, in articulo mort is ), at the moment of death; in the last struggle or agony. In the article of death , I give you my thanks, and pray for you. Steele, Tatler, No. 82. Lords of the Articles. See lord. - Marriage articles. See marriage. - Memorandum articles. See тето randum.-The Five Articles and the Five Points, statements of the distinctive doctrines of the Arminians and Calvinists respectively, the former promulgated in 1610 in opposition to the restrictive principles of the 1619, latter, and which are were the following: sustained by particular the Synod predestination, of Dort in limited atonement, natural inability, irresistible grace, and the perseverance of saints. The discu ion of these differences at that time is sometimes called the quin quarticular controversy. The Lambeth Articles, nine to embody the Calvin is tic doctrine respecting predestination, justification, etc. They were never approved by the church in any regular synod, and therefore po e no ecclesiastical authority. The Six Articles, sometimes called the "whip with six strings," articles imposed by a statute (often called the Bloody Statute) pa ed in 1539, in the reign of Henry VIII. They de creed the acknowledgment of transubstantiation, the sufficiency of communion in one kind, the obligation of vows of chastity, the propriety of private ma es, celibacy of the clergy, and auricular confe ion. Acceptance of these six doctrines was made obligatory on all persons under the severest penalties. The act, however, was relaxed in 1544, and repealed by the Parliament of 1549. drawn up 1595 at Lambeth, England, intended The Thirty-nine Articles, a statement of the particular points of doctrine, thirty-nine in number, maintained by the Church of England, first framed by an ecclesiastical commi ion in forty-two articles (1552), and revised and promulgated in thirty-nine articles by a convocation held in London in 1562-63. With some alterations they were adopted by the Church of Ireland in 1635, and by the Scottish Episcopal Church in 1804, and, with certain modifications, by the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States in 1801.- The Twenty-five Articles, the doctrinal basis of the Methodist Episcopal Church, substantially the Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England, with the omi ion of the 3d, 8th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 18th, 20th, 21st, 23d, 26th, 29th, 33d, 34th, and 37th. They were originally framed by John Wesley, and, with some modification, were adopted, substantially as now held, in 1784. article (är'ti-kl), v.; pret. and pp. articled, ppr. articling. [ If all his errors and follies were articled against him. Jer. Taylor, Holy Living (ed. 1727), p. 92. 2. To accuse or charge by an exhibition of articles or accusations. [Rare.] What I have articled against this fellow I justify for truth. Middle ton , Spanish Gipsy, v. 1. 3. To bind by articles of covenant or stipulation: as, to article an apprentice. II.t in trans. To agree by articles; stipulate. Evelyn, Diary, Sept. 7, 1667. Came Sir John Kiviet to article with me about his brickwork. They have so articled with us. Mas singer , The City Madam, ii. 3. Then he articled with her that he should go away when Selden , Table-Talk. he pleased. articular (är-tik'ū-lär), a. and n. [L. articu laris, pertaining to the joints, articulate the composition of an articulation: as, the ar ticular surface of a bone; an articular cartilage; an articular disease.-2. In zool., articulate; specifically, of or pertaining to the Articulata. [Rare.]-Articular bone. Same as articulare. - Articular eminence of the temporal bone, the cylindrical elevation forming the anterior root of the zygoma in front of the glenoid fo a; the pre glenoid proce .-Articular proce of the lower jaw, the proce which is capped by the condyle. Also called condyloid proce . II. n. Same as articulare . articulare (är-tik-ū-lā'rē), n.; pl. articular i a (-ri-ä). [NL., neut. of L. articular is: see articu lar. A bone of the lower jaw of vertebrates below mammals, by means of which the jaw or mandible articulates with its suspensorium. See cuts under acrodont, Cyclodus, and Gal line. articularly (är-tik'ū-lär-li), adv. 1. In an articular manner.-2. Articulately; article by article; in detail. Huloet. articulary (är-tik'ū-lā-ri), a. Articular. Articulated by a double articulary head with the mastoid and posterior frontal. Encyc . Brit ., XII. 642. Articulata (är-tik-ū-lā'tä), n . pl . [NL., neut. pl. of L. articulatus , jointed: see articulate .] In zoöl ., a name variously applied. (a) In Cuvier's system of cla ification, the third prime division of the animal kingdom, including all segmented invertebrates in which the body is made up of a series of rings (metameres), is endowed with a ganglionated nervous system, and po e es distinct respiratory organs. It is divided into five cla es, Crustacea , Arachnid a, Insect a, Myriapod a, and Ann elides . This division corresponds to the Annulosa of some zoologists, but neither of these terms is now recognized by leading naturalists. Cuvier's first four cla es of Articulata are now made the phylum Ar thropoda , while his Ann elides are referred to another phylum, Vermes . (b) One of two orders of Brachiopod a , sometimes styled the Arthropomata (which see), the other order being called Inarticulata . It corresponds to the arthropomatous Brachiopod a , containing those brachiopods in which the shell is hinged, the mantle-lobes are not entirely free, and the intestine is cæcal. (c) One of two divisions of cyclostomatous polyzoans, containing the families Sali cornariidæ and Cellular i ide : opposed to Inarticulata , (d) One of two divisions of cyclostomatous polyzoans, represented by the family Crisiidæ . Also called Radicata . (e) One of two divisions of crinoids, the other being Tes sell at a. articulate (är-tik'ū-lāt), v.; pret. and pp. ar ticulated, ppr. articulating. [ Plants have many ways of articulating their parts with one another. H. Spencer , Prin, of Biol., § 215. The delicate skeleton of admirably articulated and related parts which underlies and sustains every true work of art, and keeps it from sinking on itself a shapele heap, he [Carlyle] would crush remorsele ly to come at the marrow of meaning. Lowell , Study Windows, p. 123. 2. To utter articulately; produce after the manner of human speech. The dogmatist knows not by what art he directs his tongue in articulating sounds into voices. Glanville, Scep. Sci. 3. To utter in distinct syllables or words.-4+. To formulate or set forth in articles; draw up or state under separate heads. These things, indeed, you have articulated , Proclaim'd at market-cro es, read in churches. Shak., 1 Hen. IV., v. 1. IMG:content-1195.png:[blocks in formation] The best, with whom we may articulate , For their own good, and ours. Shak ., Cor., i. 9.