Arcade

[Fr. from arcus, a bow.] ( Arch.) A series of arches of any form, supported on pillars, either enclosing a space before a wall, or any building which is covered in and paved; or, when used as an architectural feature for ornamenting the towers and walls of churches entirely closed up with masonry. The cloisters of the old monasteries and religious houses were, strictly speaking, arcades. The term is also applied to a covered pa age having shops on either side of it. Two A. inscribed in a greater A. are called geminous A. This arrangement, seen for the first time in the Byzantine architecture, became common in the Gothic buildings. Often in the latter there are three inscribed A., and Fig . 175. GOTHIC ARCADE, Cathedral of Toulouse, (France.) that in the middle is sometimes greater than the two others. Fig . 175 represents a rarer example of four arcades concentred under a common arcade. Arcade, in New York , a township and village of Wyoming co., about 35 m. S.E. of Buffalo. Arcade, in Wisconsin . See ARKDALE. Arcad'ed, a . Furnished with an arcade. Arcadia, the cla ical name of Middle Peloponnesus, now forming the modern province of Arkadia , in the Morea, Greece. It occupies a high table-land lying between Lat. 37° 15′, and near 38° N.; Lon. 21° 44' to 220 35' E., having on the N. Achaia, E. Argolis, W. Elis, and on the S. Laconia and Me enia. Area , 1,600 sq. m. It is intersected by mountain ranges, some of which are very lofty, and contains plains of some extent. Its principal river is the Roufia ( Alpheus ), the largest in the Morea. Lake Stymphalus, of cla ic mention, is found here. From its elevation, A. is much colder and more rigorous than the rest of the Morea. The inhabitants still retain their primitive mode of life as shepherds, living in tents, and pursuing a migratory existence. The plane, fir, ilex, chestnut, oak, ., are common, and deer and game plentiful. Chief towns. Tripolitza, Londari, Karitena, . Many interesting ruins are seen here, among them the remains of the cities of Phigaleia, Megalopolis, and Pallantium. Pop . 113,719. ( Hist .) From its first inhabitants, the Pelasgi, the land derived the name Pelasgia . In later times, it was divided among the 50 sons of Lycaon, into kingdoms, and re IMG:content-0264.png:[graphic] The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia ceived from Arcas the name Arcadia . In the course of time, the small kingdoms made themselves free, and formed a confederacy. The principal were Mantinea, where Epa min on das obtained a victory, and a tomb (now the village of Mondi), Tegea (now Tripolitza), Or cho menus, Pheneus, Psophis, and Megalopolis Their chief deity was Pan; their chief busine , breeding of cattle and agriculture. This occasioned the pastoral poets to select Arcadia for the theatre of their fables. Thus it has been made to appear as a paradise, although it was far from deserving this character. Arca'dia, in Illinois, a post-office of Morgan co., 40 m. S.W. of Springfield. Area'dia, in Indiana , a post-village of Hamilton co., 31 m. N. of Indianapolis. Pop . (1898) 750. Arca'dia, in Kansas , a post-office of Crawford co. Arcadia, in Louisiana , a post-village, cap. of Bienville parish, about 50 m. E. of Shreveport. Pop . (1898) 1,050. Arca'dia, in Mi ouri , a post-village and township of Iron county, situated four miles South of Pilot Knob. Arca'dia, in New York, a post-village and township of 'Wayne co., on the Erie Canal, 185 m. W. by N. of Albany. Arcadia, in N. C. , a P. O. of Davidson co. Area'dia, in Ohio , a post-office of Hancock co., abt. 10 m. N.E. of Findlay. Arca'dia, in Rhode Island, a post-office of Washington county. Arca'dia, in Tenne ee , a post-office of Sullivan co. Area'dia, in Wisconsin , a post-village and township of Trempeleau county, situated on the Trempeleau river. Arca'dian, and Arca'dic, a . Pertaining to Arcadia. Arcadius, Emperor of the East in 395, was the elder son of Theodosius the Great. Rufinus (q. v.,) was murdered by his order. He married Eudoxia, known to posterity as the persecutrix of Chrysostom, B. 383; D. 408. Arcady, n . A poetic name of Arcadia. Area'num. See next column. Ar'cat a, in California, a post-village and township of Humboldt county, at the head of the Bay of Humboldt.