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See Teffé. IMG:content-0387.png:[blocks in formation] Egan (e'gan), Pierce. Born at London 1772 (?): died there, Aug. 3, 1849. An English writer on sports. He was the author of a monthly serial, "Boxiana: or Sketches of modern Pugilism" (1818-24), "Life in London," a serial illustrated by George and Isaac R. Cruikshank (1821), etc. Egan, Pierce. Born at London, 1814: died July 6, 1880. An English novelist and artist, son of Pierce Egan the elder. He wrote "Wat Tyler" (1851), "Paul Jones" (1842), "The Snake in the Gra " (1858), etc. Egaña (a-gän'yä), Juan. Born at Lima, Peru, 1769: died at Santiago, Chile, April 13, 1836. A Chilian jurist, statesman, and author. He took an active part in the revolution of 1810, and was a leading spirit in the first Chilian congre ; was imprisoned by the Spaniards in 1814 at Juan Fernandez; was released in 1817; and shortly after was again a member of the Chilian congre . Among his numerous published works are "Tratados juridicos," "Descripcion geologic a y mineralogic a de Chile," "Me morias politic as," and "Tratado de educacion." His writings have been collected in 10 volumes. Egba (eg'bä). A tribe of Yoruba. See Abeo kuta . Egbert (eg'bert). [AS. Ecgberht .] Born about 775: died 837. King of We ex 802-837. He received the submi ion of Mercia and North umber land in 827, and became lord of all England. Egbo (eg'bo). A secret society among the Efik tribe of Old Kalabar, West Africa. The Egbo-men form the aristocracy and rule the country. They have an annual festivity in which an ox is slaughtered and allowed to putrefy before it is eaten. The principal participants wear masks and paint their bodies. Egypt time governor of Flanders and Artois, and was a member of the council of state under Margaret of Parma. Although a Catholic and a courtier, he opposed the absolute government which Philip II. attempted to introduce into the Netherlands under cover of religion. He was treacherously seized by the Duke of Alva Sept. 9, 1567, and executed in company with the Count of Hoorn. Egmont. A tragedy by Goethe, published in 1788. He was a member of Parliament 1822-46; a lord of the in 1828; chief secretary for Ireland 1828-30; and secretary at war in 1830. He was created Viscount Brackley of haven. Population (1891), 6,243. Brackley and Earl of Ellesmere of Ellesmere in 1846; and Egerton, Francis Henry, eighth Earl of Bridge- water. Born Nov. 11, 1756: died at Paris, Feb. 11, 1829. An English nobleman and clergy- man, founder, by his will, of the "Bridge water Treatises" (which see). Egerton, Sir Thomas, Baron Ellesmere and Viscount Brackley. Born in Cheshire, England, about 1540: died at London, March 15, 1617. An English jurist, lord chancellor of England 1603-17. Egeus (e-jē'us). The father of Hermia in Shak- spere's "Midsummer Night's Dream." Egg (eg), August us Leopold. Born at London, May 2, 1816: died at Algiers, Algeria, March 26, 1863. An English painter of historical and genre scenes. Egga (eg'ä). A town in Gando, in the British Niger Territories, on the lower Niger. Popu- lati on, 10,000-15,000 (?). Eggischhorn (eg'ish-horn). A mountain in the Alps, near the head of the Rhone valley, canton of Valais, Switzerland. Height, 9,625 feet. Eggleston (eg'l-ston), Edward. Born at Ve- vay, Ind., Dec. 10, 1837. An American author. In 1856 he became a Methodist preacher, and has been editor at different times of "The Little Corporal," "The Sunday School Teacher," the New York "Independent," "Hearth and Home," etc. In 1879 he retired from the pastorate of the Church of the Christian Endeavor in Brooklyn, N. Y., and devoted himself entirely to liter a- ture. His chief works of fiction are "The Hoosier School- master" (1871), "The End of the World" (1872), "The Mys. tery of Metropolisville" (1873), "The Circuit Rider" (1874), "Roxy" (1878), "The Hoosier Schoolboy" (1883), "The Graysons" (1887), "The Faith Doctor" (1891), "Duffels" (1893). He has also written a "Household History of the United States" (1883), a "History of the United States for Schools" (1883), and a "First Book of American History." He has been for many years engaged on a "History of Life in the United States." Egede (a'ge-de), Hans, surnamed "The Apostle Eggmühl. See Eckmühl . of Green land." Born in Senjen, Norway, Jan. Egil on (agilz-son), Sveinbjörn. Born at 31, 1686: died in the island of Falster, Den- Innri-Njardrik, Iceland, 1791: died at Reykjamark, Nov. 5, 1758. A Norwegian mi ionary. vik, Iceland, Aug. 17, 1852. An Icelandic philolHe was stationed 1721-36 among the Eskimos of Greenogist. His chief work is a "Lexicon poëticum land, where in 1721 he founded the colony of Godthaab. antiquæ linguæ septentrional is" (1854-60). He became superintendent of the Green land mi ion in Egina. See Ægin a . 1740, and resided many years at Copenhagen. He wrote Eginhard. See Einhard . several works on history of Egede, Paul. Born in Vaagen, Norway, 1708: Egirdir. See Egerdir . died at Copenhagen, 1789. A Norwegian mis- Eglamore (eg'la-mor), or Eglamour, Sir. A sionary, son of Hans Egede. He was stationed in Green land 1734-40; succeeded his father as superintendent of the Green land mi ion; and lived many years in Copenhagen. He completed a translation, begun by his father, of the New Testament into the Eskimo language. He also compiled a catechism and a ritual in that lan guage. Eger (a'ger). A river in Bohemia which joins the Elbe 33 miles northwest of Prague. Length, 160 miles. Eger. [Bohem. Cheb .] A city in Bohemia, situated on the Eger in lat. 50° 5' N., long. 12° 22′ E. It contains a castle, built by Frederick Barb a ro a about 1180 on a rock above the river, and long an imperi al and royal seat, now forming an imposing ruin. There is a double chapel, Romanesque in the lower story and Pointed above. Eger was the scene of Wal lens tein's murder in 1634. It was formerly a free imperial city and a fortre . Population (1891), 18,658. Eger (in Hungary). See Erlau . Egerdir (eg-er-der'), or Egirdir. A lake in the vilayet of Konich, Asia Minor, in lat. 38° N. Length, about 30 miles. Egeri. See Ageri . Egeri, Lake. See Äger i , Lake . Egeria, or Ægeria (e-je'ri-ä). 1. In Roman mythology, one of the Camenæ, by whom Numa was instructed with regard to the forms of worship he was to introduce.- 2. An asteroid (No. 13) discovered at Naples by De Gas paris, Nov. 2, 1850. Egerton (ej'er-ton), Francis. Born 1736: died at London, March 3, 1803. The third and last IMG:content-0388.png:[blocks in formation] escape. Eglantine (eg'lan-tin). In the story of “Valentine and Orson," the bride of Valentine and daughter of King Pepin. Eglantine, Madame." In Chaucer's "Priore 's Tale," the priore . Full well she sang the servicè divine, Entunèd in her nose full seemèly. And French she spoke full fair and fetisly, After the school of Str at ford-atte-Bow; For French of Paris was to her unknow. Eglinton, Earl of. See Montgomerie. Eglon (eg'lon). In Old Testament history, a king of the Moabites who captured Jericho and occupied it for 18 years, during which he oppre ed the Hebrews and obliged them to pay tribute. IMG:content-0389.png:[blocks in formation] Egypt (e'jipt). [Heb. Mizraim , A yr. Muçur , Ar. Miçr , Coptic Keme , Gr. Αίγυπτος, L. Ægyptus , F. Egypte , G. Ägypten , It. Egitto .] 1. A country in northeastern Africa, now a dependency of Turkey, famous for the great antiquity and former splendor of its civilization. It is bounded by the Mediterranean on the north, and extends southward, including the delta and the valley of the Nile, to the first cataract (lat. 24° 6' N.). On the east it is bounded by the Gulf of Suez and the Red Sea, and on the west by the desert. It includes also the Sinaitic peninsula and a strip on the western coast of Arabia. The present southern limit of its po e ions is in the neighborhood of the second cataract. Egypt proper consists practically of the delta and a narrow strip on each side of the Nile. The soil has been celebrated for its productivene , due to the inundations of the river, and it was long the granary of Rome. Modern Egypt has 14 mudiriyehs or provinces, with Cairo as the capital and Alexandria as the seaport. The government is a hereditary viceroyalty, ruled by a khedive, subordinate to Turkey. The inhabitants are Egyptians (fellaheen, town-people, and Bedawin), Nubians, Aby in i ans, Levantines, Turks, negroes, Armenians, Jews, and Europe ans. The leading religion is Mohammedan, but there are many Copts. The prevailing language is Arabic. The history of ancient Egypt was given by Manetho under 31 dynasties. (See Manetho .) These dynasties are thus grouped by Mariette: the Ancient Empire, dynasties I.-XI.; the Middle Empire, dynasties XI.-XVIIL; the New Empire, dynasties XVIII-XXXI. The 1st dynasty was founded by Menes in 5004 B. C., according to Mariette. During the early dynasties Memphis was the center, and in the time of the 4th occurred the building of the Pyramids (about 4000 в. с.- Mariette). The construction of Lake Mæris and the Labyrinth are a igned to the 12th dynasty. Thebes now became the center, and later the invasion of the Hyksos occurred (in the 15th dynasty). After a period of confusion and obscurity Egypt was united under the great Theban 18th dynasty, and under this and the 19th reached its highest point in extent and in the grandeur of its monuments. Among the great sover eigns were Thothmes III., Seti I., and Rameses II. The "Pharaoh of Exodus" has frequently been identified with Menephtah of the 19th dynasty, and the date stated approximately at about 1300 B. C. With the next dynasty began the decline. There were some revivals of power, and in the 7th and 6th centuries Greek settlements began; but in 527 B. C. Egypt was conquered by Cambyses, and this Persian dynasty ranks as the 27th. From 406 B. c. native rulers again held power, but in 340 B. C. a short-lived Persian dynasty (the 31st and last of Manetho) began; this was overthrown in 332 B. C. by Alexander the Great. After his death Egypt was ruled by his general Ptolemy and Ptolemy's succe ors down to the death of Cleopatra (30 в. с.), when August us annexed it to the Roman Empire. Egypt was an important center of Christianity. In about 640 it was conquered by the Saracens, and formed in later times part of the Ommiad and Abbas side empires. The Fatimites ruled it from 909 to 1171, and thereafter the Ayubites until 1250: to these succeeded the Mamelukes, who in turn were overthrown by the Turks under Selim I. in 1517. Egypt was invaded by Bonaparte in 1798, but the French were expelled in 1801. In 1806 Mehemet Ali became pasha, and the country developed greatly. A succe ful war with Turkey was cut short in 1840 by the intervention of the Count of Egmont and Prince of Gavre. Born at La Hamaide, Hainaut, Nov. 18, 1522: died at Bru els, June 5, 1568. A Flemish general and popular hero. He fought under Charles V. in Algiers, Germany, and France, and led the cavalry at St. Quentin in 1557, and at Grave lines in 1558. He was for a powers. In 1869 the Suez Canal was opened. From 1879 France and England exercised a joint supervision over the khedive; but a native revolt, begun under Arabi Pasha in 1881 and suppre ed by England in 1882, was followed in 1883 by the abolition of the joint control, and the appointment of an English financial adviser. The Mahdists in the Sudan revolted in 1881-85, and in spite of the resistance of Gordon at Khartum and the campaigns of Wolseley and others the provinces south of the second cataract were lost. Area, 380,000 square miles. Population, 6,817,265. Ægyptus was in old times the name of the Nile, which was so called by Homer (Odys. iv. 477; xiv. 257): and Strabo (xvii. p. 691) says the same was the opinion of Nearchus. Manetho pretends that the country received the name from Ægyptus, a surname of King Sethos (or Sethi). Aristotle thinks that "Egypt was formerly called Thebes," and Hero dot us states, in opposition to the opinion of the "Ionians," that "Thebes (i. e. the Thebaid) had of the monuments, the word "Egypt" was at all events connected with Coptos, a city of the Thebaid. From Kebt, Koft, or Coptos, the modern inhabitants have been called Copts: its ancient name in hieroglyphics was Kwbt-hor; and Mr. Poole is evidently right in supposing this to be the same as the Biblical Caphtor. He thinks the name "Egypt" is composed of Ala, "land," and Γύπτος ; and is to the Great. He was of noble birth, and was educated at the monastery of Fulda. He removed not later than 796 to the court of Charles the Great, by whom he was appointed minister of public works, and was sent in 806 as imperial legate to Rome. He was retained in office by Louis le Débonnaire, to whose son Lothaire he became tutor in 817. He retired in 830 to Mulinheim (which he named Seligenstadt), where he erected a monastery. He was married to Imma who was the sister of Bernhard, bishop of Worms, but who was transformed by later trad i Egypt be traced in the Ai-Caphtor, "land (or coast) of Caphtor," in Jeremiah (xlvii. 4). The word Coptitic is found in a Gnostic papyrus, supposed to the second paper Pegypt is said to have been called originally Aetia, and the Nile Aetos and Siris. Upper Egypt, or the Thebaïd, has even been confounded with, and called, Ethiopia: perhaps too by Pliny (vi. 35; see notes on ch. 110); Nahum (iii. 9) calls Ethiopia and Egypt the strength of No (Thebes); and Strabo says (i. p. 57) that Menelaus' journey to Ethiopia really meant to Thebes. The modern name Musr or Misr is the same as the Biblical Mizraim, i. e. "the two Misrs," applied to Egypt, which corresponds to "the two regions" of the sculptures; but the word Misr does not occur on the monuments. Rawlinson, Herod., II. 23. 2. A diocese of the prefecture of the East, in the later organization of the Roman Empire. Egyptian Expedition, The. An expedition undertaken by the French against Egypt 1798-1801, with the ultimate object ect of of attacking attack the British empire in India. It was commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte; sailed from Toulon with 35,000 men May 19, 1798; conquered Malta June 12, 1798; defeated the Mamelukes in the battle of the Pyramids July 21, 1798; captured Cairo July 22, 1798; suffered the lo of its fleet by the victory of Nelson at Abukir Aug. 1, 1798; and in 1799 invaded Syria, but was in the same year repulsed by the Turks and the English at St. Jean d'Acre, and retreated to Cairo. In Aug., 1799, Bonaparte returned to France, leaving in command Kléber, who was murdered in 1800, and was succeeded by Menou. Menou a treaty with the English at Cairo in 1801, in accordance with which Egypt was restored to the Ottoman Porte, and the French army transported to France by the English fleet. Egyptian Prince , An. [ G.Ägyptische Königstochter.] A novel by Ebers (1864). The scene is laid in Egypt and Persia about 522 в. с. Egyptian Thief, The. Thyamis, the lover of Chariclea, referred to in Shakspere's "Twelfth