Sayce, Races of the O

T., p. 148. Akkad, or Accad (äk'kad or ak'ad). One of the four cities of Nimrod's empire (Gen. x. 10) in Shinar or Babylonia: in the cuneiform inscriptions it is usually the name of a region. The kings of Babylonia and those of As syria who conquered Babylonia call themselves "king of Sumer and Akkad," whence it is usually a umed that Sumer denominated southern Babylonia and Akkad northern Babylonia. The boundaries of this district are not certain, but it seems to have lain between the Tigris and the Elamitic and Median mountains, its northern limit being the upper Zab. The name of a city, Agade, was discovered in an inscription of Nebuchadnezzar, which is held by some to be identical with the city of Akkad. Agade was the residence of the earliest-known Babylonian king, Sargon I. (about 3800 в. с.). Cyrus mentions this city as still exist ing in his time. Fried rich Delitzsch considers it part of the city of Sepharvaim; other scholars, however, doubt the identification. Akkadian is the name given to the people and dialect of Akkad. The people were supposed to be a non-Semitic tribe and their language agglutina tive; the literature in this dialect consisted chiefly of magical incantations. This theory has been strongly defended by Oppert and Haupt. Joseph Halévy and others hold that this non-Semitic people and language never existed and that the writing is simply a cryptography or secret writing invented by the priests to lend a greater mystery to their sacred writings. The most recent theory is that the so-called Akkadian dialect is simply an older form of Sumerian and should be called Old Sumerian. who (See believes Sumeria .) in the Akkadist real existence is the name of the given Akkadian to a dialect person and people: the opponents of this school are called anti Akkadists . Akko. See Acre . Akmolinsk, or Akmollinsk (äk-mo-linsk'). A