JUSTIFICATION

(Lat transl. of the Greek word hixociaiffif.) In Theology, men are said to be justified when accounted just or righteous in the sight of God, or placed in a state of salvation. Justification is used of the state of Christians in the present life only; as in Rom. V.9., " Being justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him." The doctrine of justification through faith or rather by faith (e» tri a-rieus, hiee, vio-tdi for or by reason of faith) is set out with peculiar distinctne in the whole Epistle to the Romans. According to the eleventh article of the Church of England, we are justified " by faith, and not for our works or deservings." The twelfth declares, that "although good works, which are the fruits of faith, and follow after justification, cannot put away our sins and endure the severity of God's judgment, yet are they pleasing and acceptable to God in Christ, and spring nece arily out of a true and lively faith, insomuch that by them a lively faith may be as evidently known as a tree is discerned by the fruit." The first of these articles is chiefly directed against the Romanist doctrine of meritorious works; the second, based on the language of St. James, that a " man is justified by works, and not by faith only " (c.2. v. 24.), regards faith and works as mseparably connected, and is aimed principally against the doctrine of those who were termed Antinomians or Solifidians. For a summary of the opinions generally embraced by the best divines of the early Church of England on this difficult subject, see Hoskin's Sermon on Just if i cal i on; for the views of what is called the High Church body of the present day, Newmarl's Lectures on Justification. K. K, a consonant, used in most ancient and modem languages. It is derived from the Greek kappa, or the Hebrew koph. It has the same sound as C before a, o, and u, and hence it has often been pronounced superfluous. In Latin K occurs only in a few words, though it was frequently used in the same language as an abbreviation for words beginning with C; as K.T. for capite tons us, K. R. C. for car a civitas, . . In the French alphabet K is only used In words derived from foreign languages. As a numeral it was employed to expre 250, K quoque ducentos et quin quag int a docebit. [s. 637]