graduand (graduand)

[ but has not yet been graduated. graduate (grad'u-at), v.; pret. and pp. gradu ated, ppr. graduating. [ It. graduare = Sp. Pg. graduar = F. graduer ), confer a degree upon (in mod. use with extended meaning), degree, ML. an academical degree, etc.: see gradel, n.] I. trans. 1. To mark with degrees, regular intervals, or divisions; divide into small regular distances: as, to graduate a thermometer, a scale, etc. Graduation is the name given to the art of dividing straight scales, circular arcs, or whole circumferences into any required number of equal parts. Encyc . Brit ., XI. 27. (b) Admi ion to a degree in a college or university, or by some profe ional corporation, as a result of examination. Bachelors were called Senior, Middle, or Junior Bachelors according to the year since graduation , and before taking the degree of Master. Woolsey, Hist. Disc., p. 122 (c) The raising of a substance to a higher degree of finene , consistency, or the like; transmutation, as of metals (in alchemy); concentration, as of a liquid by evaporation. 2. Collectively, the marks or lines made on an instrument to indicate degrees or other divisions.-3. The act of grading, or the state of being graded; grading. The special and distinctive cause of civilization is not the division but the graduation of labor. W. H. Mallock, Social Equality, p. 171. graduation-engine (grad-u-a's hon-en-jin), n. Same as dividing - engine . graduator (grad'u-a-tor), n. [ graduate + -or.] One who or that which graduates. Spe- cifically-(a) A dividing-engine. (b) A contrivance for accelerating spontaneous evaporation by the exposure of large surfaces of liquids to a current of air. According to these observations he graduates his ther- mometers. Derham, Physico-Theology, i. 2, note 3. 2. To arrange or place in a series of grades or gradations; establish gradation in: as, to grad --ory.] Adapted for use in graduation. See IMG:content-2560.png:[blocks in formation] The tincture was capable to transmute or graduate as much silver as equalled in weight that gold. Boyle. II. in trans. 1. To pa by degrees; change or pa gradually. A grand light falls beautifully on the principal figure, but it does not graduate sufficiently into distant parts of the cave. Gilpin. 2. To receive a degree from a college or university, after examination in a course of study; be graduated. He graduated at Leyden in 1691. London Monthly Mag., Oct., 1808, p. 224. graduate (grad'u-āt), a. and n. [ gradu at us , pp.: see the verb.] I. a. 1. Arranged in succe ive steps or degrees; graduated. Beginning with the genus, pa ing through all the grad uate and subordinate stages. Tatham. 2. Having received a degree; having been graduated: as, a graduate student. graduatory (grad'u-ā-to-ri), a. [ Others or the same [chemists] speak of [it] as a gradua tory substance (as to some metals). Boyle , Works, V. 591. graduction (gra-duk's hon), n. [Irreg. gra dus , a step, degree, + ducere , pp. duct us , lead.] In astron ., the division of circular arcs into degrees, minutes, etc. gradus (grā'dus), n.; pl. gradus. [Abbr. of L. Gradus ad Parna um, steps to Parna us, a fanciful name for an elementary book in prosody or music: L. gradūs, pl. of gradus, a step: ad, to; Parna um, acc. of Parna us, Parna us.] 1. A dictionary of prosody designed as an aid in writing Greek or Latin verses. Martin then proceeded to write down eight lines in English, and to convert these line by line, by main force of Gradus and dictionary, into Latin that would T. Hughes, Tom Brown at Rugby, ii. & scan. 2. In music, a work consisting wholly or in great part of exercises of gradually increasing difficulty. Specifically, the Gradus ad Parna um, a celebrated treatise on musical composition, written in Latin, by Johann Joseph Fux, published in Vienna in 1725, and since translated into the principal modern languages of Europe; also, the title of a book of exercises for the piano by Muzio Clement i, now regarded as a cla ic. grady (gra'di), a. [ IMG:content-2561.png:[blocks in formation] and cro degraded and conjoined, under cro 1, Græcize, Græcism, etc. See Grecize, etc. graf (gräf), n. [G., a count: see graves.] A German title of dignity equivalent to count: the title corresponding to English earl, French comte, etc. The Graf , or administrative ruler of the province which is composed of the aggregations of the hundreds, is a servant of the king, fiscal and judicial. Stubbs , Const. Hist., § 25. I do not want you to marry the best baron or graf among them. Mrs. Alexander , The Freres, xli. II. n. 1. One who has been admitted to a degraff1 (graf), n . [A var. ( graf , graf , nom.) of grave2 ( grave , graff dat.): see grave2. Cf. staff and stave.] 1. A grave. [Scotch.] E'en as he is, cauld in his graff. Burns , On a Henpecked Country Squire. I'll houk it a graff wi' my ain twa hands, rather than it should feed the corbies. Blackwood's Mag ., May, 1820, p. 66. 21. A ditch or moat; a canal. Also graft . Here we visited the engines and mills both for wind and water, draining it thro' two rivers or graff's cut by hand, and capable of carrying considerable barges. Evelyn , Diary, July 22, 1670. graff2 (graf), n. [Early mod. E. also greff, griff; AS. græf ), The graffe is to be take amydde his tree. Palladius , Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 122. I have a staff of another oke graff . Robin Hood and the Tanner (Child's Ballads, V. 225). I took his brush and blotted out the bird, And made a Gardener putting in a graff . Tennyson, Merlin and Vivien. graff2 (graf), v. t. [Early mod. E. also greff: In Marche as other thinke Palladius , Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 194. And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be graffed in; for God is able to graff them in again. Rom. xi. 23. 2. To incorporate; attach. He [pistachio] may be graffed in an Almauntree. Of those [houses] are Twelue in that rich Girdle greft Which God gaue Nature for her New-years-gift. Sylvester, tr. of Du Bartas's Weeks, i. 4. graff3t, n . An obsolete variant of greavel, greave2.