Khita

See Hittites. Khor am a bad (chō-rä-mä-bäd'). The capital of the province of Luristan, Persia, situated in lat. 33° 30′ N., long. 48° 25′ E. Population, estimated, 6,000. Khorasan, or Khor as san (chō-rä-sän'). A province of northeastern Persia, bordering on Asiatic Ru ia on the north and Afghanistan on the east. Capital, Meshhed. It is largely a des ert, and has suffered from invasions at all periods of his tory. Area, estimated, 120,000 square miles. Population, estimated, 800,000 to 900,000. Khors a bad (khor-sä-bäd'). A village with a mound of ruins on the site of Dur-Sharukin ('wall or city of Sargon'), a city founded by Kielce Honan and Anhwei on the west. Area, 44,500 square miles. Population, 20,905,171. Sargon, king of As syria, 722-705 B. C. It is about 4 hours distant from ancient Nineveh, at the foot of the Jebel-el-Maklub, and about 12 miles northeast of Mosul. Kiaway. See Kiowan . Between the years 1843 and 1845 Emil Botta, then French Kichuas. See Quichuas . Sargon, the walls of which were lined with bas-reliefs con- consul at Mosul, discovered in the mound the palace of taining a full record of Sargon's reign; and Botta's suc- ce or, Victor Place, excavated in 1852 the gates of the city, which were supported by gigantic winged bulls. The sculptures are now in the Louvre at Paris. Khosru. See Khusrau . Khotan (chō-tän'), or Ilchi (el-che'). A town in Eastern Turkestan, Chinese empire, situated in lat. 37° 10′ N., long. 80° 2′ E. Population, estimated, 40,000. Khotin. See Chotin. Khufu (kö'fö). An Egyptian king of the 4th dynasty, builder of the great pyramid at Gizeh. See Pyramid. He lived about 2800-2700 в. c. according to Lepsius; about 3700 B. C. according to Brugsch. Also Cheops, Kheops, Chembes , Euphis . Khumbaba (küm-bä bä), or Chumbaba, or Humbaba. In the Izdubar legends, or "Nimrod Epic," represented as the last Elamitie ruler of Babylonia in Erech, who was slain by Izdubar and his friend Ea-bani (see these names and Nimrod ). Khu-n-Aten. See Amenhotep IV . Khuns (khöns), or Khonsu (khôn'sö). In Egyp- Khiva (che'vä). 1. A khanate of central Asia, situated in the valley of the lower Oxus, bortian mythology, the son of Amun-Ra and Mut, dering on Bokhara on the southeast, and nearly surrounded by Ru ian territory. It is governed by a khan, va al (since 1873) of Ru ia. The leading races are Uzbegs, Sarts, Turkomans, and liberated Persians. The religion is Mohammedan. Khiva was part of the ancient Kharezm. It was unsucce fully attacked by Ru ia in 1717 and 1839, and conquered by Ru ia in 1873. Area, estimated, 22,320 square miles. Population, estimated, 700,000. 2. The capital of the khanate of Khiva, in lat. 41° 23′ N., long. 60° E. Population, about 5,000. Khnum. An Egyptian deity. See Ra . Khodjend, or Khojend (chō-jend'). A town in Sir-Daria, Turkestan, Asiatic Ru ia, situated on the Sir-Daria 76 miles west-southwest of Khokand. Population, estimated, 35,000. Khoi, or Choi (cho i). A town in the province of Azerbaijan, Persia, situated on the Kotur in lat. 38° 32′ N., long. 45° 8' E. Near this place, in 1514, the Turks under Selim I. defeated the Persians under İsmail. Population, estimated, 25,000. Khoikhoin (koi-koin'). The native name of the Hottentots. By their Bantu neighbors they are called Balawu or Balao. They occupy the southwestern extremity of Africa, mostly in German territory and in the Cape Colony. (For their physical appearance, see Hottentot Bushmen.) Though involved in relentle wars with the white intruders, with Bantu neighbors, and with people of their own kin, they have maintained themselves to this day, and are not decreasing. They have subjugated a Bantu tribe, the Hill Damara, forced upon it their own language, and almost destroyed another Bantu tribe, the Ovaherero. Most of them are now semi-civilized. The principal tribes are that of the Cape (speaking Dutch), the Korana, the Griqua or Bastards (half-breeds of mixed Hottentot and Dutch blood), the Gonaqua in the Eastern Province, and the Namaqua in German Southwest Africa. The last is the strongest tribe, numbering about 350,000. The main features of the Khoikhoin language are (1) In phonology: (a) the clicks which form an integral part of the words; (b) the musical tones by which several meanings of a monosyllabic root are differentiated. (2) In morphology: (c) monosyllabic roots; ( d ) three grammatic genders and three numbers; (e) the masculine and feminine letters identical with the Hamitic; (f) the use of postpositions as in the Hamitic family. Exceedingly rich in grammatical forms and in word-store, the Khoikhoin dia who form with him the Theban triad. He is a lunar deity, and as such wears the disk and crescent of the moon, his inferior place being further marked by the child's plaited side lock. Occasionally, however, he is shown as hawk-headed, and thus a ociated with the sun. Khons, the 3rd member of the Great Triad of Thebes, composed of Amun, Maut, and Khons their offspring. He is supposed to be a character of Hercules, and also of the Moon. In the Etymologicum Magnum, Hercules is called Chon. Rawlinson , Herod., II. 286. Khurja (kör'jä). A town in Bulandshahr dis- trict, Northwest Provinces, British India, 50 miles southeast of Delhi. Population, about 27,000. Khusrau (khus-rou'), or Khosru (kos-rö'), or Chosroes (kos'ro-ez). [See Kaikhusrau .] As Kaikhusrau, the thirteenth Iranian king of the Shahnamah (see Kaikhusrau ); in history, the name of the twenty-first and twenty-third Sas- sanian kings. Khusrau I. (called Nushirvan, 'the gen- erous mind') reigned 531-579. He had several wars with the Romans. At the conclusion of the first in 532 or 533, Just in i an purchased peace by an annual tribute of 440,000 pieces of gold. One of the conditions imposed by Khus- rau was that seven Greek philosophers who were pagans should be allowed to live in the Roman Empire without persecution. At the close of the second war (540-561) Jus- tinian promised an annual tribute of 40,000 pieces of gold, and received in return the ce ion of Colchis and Lazica, Khusrau died before the end of the third war, which be- gan in 571. He was one of the greatest kings of Persia. His empire extended from the Indus to the Red Sea, and large portions of central Asia, perhaps also a part of east- ern Europe, recognized him as their king. He was des- potic and cruel but firm, encouraging agriculture, trade, and learning. He caused various Greek, Latin, and San- skrit works to be translated into Persian. Khusrau II. (surnamed Parviz or Parveez, 'the generous') reigned 590 or 591-628. He recovered the throne of his father Hormisdas IV. with the aid of the Byzantine emperor Maurice. After the murder of Maurice, Khusrau made war upon the ty- rant Phocas, conquering Me so pot am i a, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Asia Minor, finally encamping at Chalcedon, opposite Constantinople. Heraclius saved the empire, re- covering the lost provinces and carrying the war into Per- sia. Worn out, Khusrau resolved in 628 to abdicate in favor of his son Merdaza; but Shirvah or Siroes, his eldest son, anticipating the design, put his father to death. No Persian king lived so splendidly as Khusrau II. lects are also well provided with folk-tales, animal stories, Khuzistan (chö-zis-tän'). A province of west and proverbs, many which have been collected, few published. See Hottentots and Bantu. Khojend. See Khodjend . Khokand (cho-känd"). 1. A former khanate of Turkestan, now the territory of Ferghana in Asiatic Ru ia: annexed by Ru ia in 1876.2. The chief town of the territory of Ferghana, Turkestan, Asiatic Ru ia, situated in lat. 400 32′ N., long. 70° 50′ E. It is an important trading center. Population (1885–89), 54,043. Khons, or Chons. See Khuns . ern Persia, bounded by Luristan on the north and northeast, Farsistan on the east, the Persian Gulf on the south, and Turkey on the west. It was the ancient Susiana. Khyber (chi'ber) Pa . A narrow and difficult mountain pa in eastern Afghanistan, leading from Fort Jumrud to Dakka, and commanding the route from Peshawar to Kabul. It has been an important strategic point. It was traversed by Alex- ander the Great and by many later armies, including the British forces in the two Afghan wars. Also Khybar , Khai . bar , etc. Khonsar (chōn-sär'). A town in the province of Irak-Ajemi, Persia, 73 miles northwest of Khyrabad. See Khairabad . Ispahan. Population, about 12,000.