Being twice defeated

he dismi ed his troops, retired to Rathlin Island, and was supposed to be dead, when, in the spring of 1307, he “landed on the Carrick coast, defeated the Earl of Pembroke at Loudon Hill, and in two years had wrested nearly. the whole country from the English. He then in succe ive years advanced into England, laying waste the country, and on June 24, 1314, defeated at Bannock burn the English forces advancing under Edward II. to the relief of the garrison at Stirling. In 1316 he went to Ireland to the aid of his brother Edward, and, on his return in 1318, in retaliation for inroads made during his absence, he took Berwick and harried North umber land and Yorkshire, Hostilities continued until the defeat of Edward near Byland Abbey in 1323, and though in that year a truce was concluded for 13 years, it was speedily broken. Not until March 4, 1828, was the treaty concluded by which the independence of Scotland was fully recognized. Bruce did not long survive the completion of his work, dying at Card ro Castle on June 7, 1329.