Moja

See Mojos. Mojácar (mō-Häʻkär). A town in the province of Almeria, southern Spain, situated near the coast 100 miles east of Granada. Population (1887), 4,404. Mojaisk. See Mozhaisk . Mojave. See Mohave . Mojos (mōhōz). An Indian tribe of northern Bolivia, living about the great head streams of the Madeira River, especially on the Mamoré. Before the conquest they probably numbered at least 250,000. They were a mild, agricultural race, readily received the Jesuit mi ionaries in the 17th century, and have ever since remained devout Catholics. Fifteen large mi ions were established in their territory, and still exist as villages: the largest, Trinidad (founded 1687), is now the capital of Bent. The Mojos are much sought after as canoemen and rubber-gatherers. They are industrious, and excel in artistic work. The tribe has been greatly reduced, principally by epidemics, but is still said to number 30,000 (perhaps too high an estimate, as all the mi ion Indians are cla ed with them) is They belong to the great Arawak or May pure stock. Also written Moxos . language is sometimes called Moja or Moxa . Mokanna (mō-kän nä) (surname of Atha ben Hakem). [Ar., 'veiled.'] Killed about 780.A Mohammedan impostor in Khorasan. He is the hero of the "Veiled Prophet of Khor as san" in the first part of Moore's "Lalla Rookh." IMG:content-0789.png:[blocks in formation] America all slaves shipped from Old Calabar used to be called Mokos . Mokshan (mok-shän'). A town in the government of Penza, Ru ia, about 27 miles north-northwest of Penza. Population (1893), 13,659. Mola (mō'lä). A seaport in the province of Bari, Apulia, Italy, situated on the Adriatic 12 miles southeast of Bari. Population (1881), 12,435. Mola, Pietro Francesco, called Mola di Roma. Born about 1621: died at Rome about 1665. An Italian landscape-painter. Mola di Gaeta. See Formia . Molale (mo-lala), or Molele (mo-la-la): The western tribe of the Waiilatpuan stock of North American Indians: originally an offshoot of the Cayuse. They are e entially mountain Indians, dwell ingtontaneous points between Hood Clack am as County) Scott (in Klamath County). There are 31 on the Grande Ronde reservation, Oregon, and there are some in the mountains west of Klamath Lake. See Waiilatpuan . Molay, or Molai (mō-lā'), Jacques de. Born in Burgundy: burned at Paris, March 18, 1314. The last grand master of the Templars, 1298 1314. See Templars . Molbech (mol bech), Christian. Born at Soröe, Denmark, Oct. 8, 1783: died at Copenhagen, June 23, 1857. A noted Danish philologist and historian. Among his philological works are a "Danish Dictionary" (1833), a “Danish Dialect-Lexicon'' (1833-41), etc. Molbech, Christian Knud Frederik. Born at Copenhagen, July 20, 1821: died at Kiel, May 20, 1888. A Danish poet and dramatist. He studied at the Copenhagen University after 1839. In 1840 appeared a first volume of poems, "Billeder af Jesu Liv" ("Pictures from the Life of Jesus"). The romantic drama "Klintekongens Brud" ("The Bride of the Moun tain King") appeared in 1845, in which year also was produced the drama "Venusbjerget" ("The Venusberg"). A collection of poems with the title "Dæmring" ("Twilight") appeared in 1851. "Dante," a tragedy, is from 1852. In 1853 he was made profe or of the Danish language and literature at Kiel, which position he held until 1864, when he returned to Copenhagen and began work as a journalist. In 1863 had appeared "Digte lyriske og dramatiske" ("Poems Lyric and Dramatic"). Afterward, as censor at the royal theater, he again turned his attention to the drama, and wrote the comedy "Renteskriveren" ("The Financier"), and the dramas "Ambrosius" and "Faraos Ring" ("Pharaoh's Ring"). He was also the translator of Dante's "Divine Comedy" ("Guddomlige Komedie," the first part of which appeared in 1851). Mold (mold). A town in Flints hire, North Wales, situated on the Alyn 18 miles south southwest of Liverpool. Population (1891), 4,457. See Hallelujah Victory . Moldau (mol'dou). The principal river in Bohemia. It rises in the Böhmerwald, flows past Prague, and joins the Elbe 18 miles north of Prague. Length, 260 miles. Moldavia(mol-dā'vi-ä), G. Moldau (mol'dou), F. Moldavie (mol-da-vē'). A former principality, now a part of Rumania. Chief city, Ja y. It is bounded by Bukowina on the north, Ru ia (separated by the Pruth) on the east, Wall a chia on the south, and Transylvania (separated by the Car path i ans) on the west. It is mountainous in the west, and is traversed by the Sereth. It was founded early in the 14th century (see the extract); became tributary to Turkey early in the 16th century; was ruled for more than a century (until 1821) by Fanariot families; and was frequently under Ru ian influence. Alexander John Cusa was elected prince in 1859. It was formally united with Wall a chia in 1861. See Rumania , Another Rouman migration, pa ing from the land of Marmaros north of Trans silvan i a, founded the principality of Moldavia between the Car path i ans and the Dniester. This too stood to the Hungarian crown in the same shifting relation as Great Wall a chia, and sometimes transferred its va alage to Lithuania and Poland. Freeman , Hist. Geog., p. 452. IMG:content-0790.png:[blocks in formation] Molech (mō'lek), or Moloch (moʻlok). ['King.' In 1 Ki. xi. 7, he is mentioned as an idol of the Ammonites, but the worship of Molech was spread among all the Can a an it ish and Semitic tribes.] A form of Baal, the sun-god, or the personification of the male generative principle in nature. Molech represents the sun in his fierce destructive aspect. The worship of Molech consisted in of fering human sacrifices. The god was represented with a bull's head and long arms to receive the victims, which were lifted up to an opening in the breast of the bra statue and rolled into the furnace blazing inside. Whether the victims were first killed, or were burned alive, is a disputed question. The worship of Molech was at different periods introduced into Israel, with its principal place in the valley of Hinnom: so under Ahaz (king of Judah 734-728 B. c.), Mana eh (697-642), and Amon (642640). In the cuneiform inscriptions malik ('ruler,' properly decider') can be the epithet of any god, but it is cspecially applied to Adar, who is among others the god of the destructive south or midday sun, and in the Old Testament is called A dram me lech (Adar-malik): to him children were sacrificed (2 Ki. xvii. 31), although in the A yrian-Babylonian literature no reference to human sacrifices in honor of a divinity has been found. At Carthage the bloody rites of Molech were officially suppre ed by the emperor Tiberius (14-37 д. Д.). Molele. See Molale . Molenbeek-Saint-Jean zhon'). A northwestern suburb of Bru els. Population (1890), 48,723. (mō-lon-bāk sau Moles chott (mo'le-shot), Jacob. Born at Boisle-Duc, Netherlands, Aug. 9, 1822: died at Rome, May May 20, 1893. A noted Dutch-Italian physiologist, profe or of physiology succe ively at Zurich (1856), Turin (1861), and Rome (1879). He was made a senator of the kingdom of Italy in 1876. Among his works are "Physio logie der Nah run gsm it tel" ("Physiology of Food," 1850), “Lehre der Nah run gsm it tel" (1850: Eng. trans, as "Chemistry of Food and Diet," 1856), "Der Kreislauf des Lebens" (1852), etc. Moléson (mō-lā-zôn'). A noted peak and point of view in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, 18 miles east of Lausanne. He Height, 6,578 feet. Moles worth (molzwerth), Richard, third Viscount Moles worth. Born in 1680: died Oct. 12, 1758. An English field-marshal, second son of Robert, first Viscount Moles worth. He was entered at the Temple, but abandoned the law and joined the army in Holland. He was present at Blenheim, and was one of Marl borough's aides-de-camp at Ramillies on May 23, 1706, when he saved the duke's life. In 1735 he was made major-general; in 1739 lieutenant-general in Ireland; in 1751 commander-in-chief in Ireland; and in 1757 field marshal. Moles worth, Sir William. Born at London, May 23, 1810: died there, Oct. 22, 1855. An English baronet and politician, son of Sir Arscott-Ourry Moles worth. He entered Cambridge, but finished his education at Edinburgh University. He lived in southern Europe until 1831, when he took part in the reform movement, and was returned member of Parliament for East Cornwall in 1832. He a ociated himself with Grote and J. S. Mill, and was disliked for his infidel opinions. In April, 1835, he started the "London Review." His special work was in colonial policy. His edition of Hobbes's works was published in 16 volumes from 1839 to 1845. In July, 1855, he was appointed colonial secretary. Moles worth, William Na au. Born at Mill brook, near Southampton, Nov. 8, 1816: died at Rochdale, Dec. 19, 1890. An English historian. He graduated at Cambridge in 1839, and in 1844 was appointed vicar of Spot land, near Rochdale. He was a friend of John Bright. His chief works are a "History of England from 1830" (1871-73), a "History of the Reform Bill of 1832" (1864), a "History of the Church of England from 1660" (1882). Molfetta (mol-fet'tä). A seaport in the province of Bari, Apulia, Italy, situated on the Adriatic 16 miles northwest of Bari. Population (1881), 30,056. Molière (mō-lyar'): the stage name of Jean Baptiste Poquelin (pok-lan'). Born at Paris, Jan. 15, 1622: died there, Feb. 17, 1673. Acele Molique He graduated brated French dramatist and actor, the greatest French writer of comedies. from the Jesuits' College in Paris, after spending five years in the companionship of Chapelle, Bernier, and Cyrano de Bergerac (1636-41). Even before graduation Molière was promised the office of tapi ier valet de chambre to the king, a distinction already held by his family for two generations. He was not yet twenty when he followed the court to Narbonne on the memorable trip that witne ed the execution of Cinq-Mars and the last victory of Richelieu. At twenty-three he began to devote his entire time to acting and play-writing. At the head of a troop of actors he performed in Paris and the provinces (1643-58). Не settled down finally at Paris, where he was very succe ful until 1666. From that time on, the enmities contracted in his public career and the troubles in his own house embittered his life, told on his work, and probably hastened his death. He was seized with illne while acting the "Ma lade imaginaire" for the first time, and died a few hours later, at his own house, from hemorrhage. His comedies include "Les précieuses ridicules" (1659), "École des mar is (1661), "École des femmes" (1662), "Le mariage forcé IMG:content-0791.png:[ocr errors] (1664), "Le misanthrope" (1666), "Le médec in malgré lui” (1666), "Tartufe" (1667), "A mph i try on" (1068), "L'Avare" (1668), "Le bourgeois gentilhomme" (1670), "Les fourberies de Scapin" (1671), "Les femmes savantes” (1672), "Le malade imaginaire" (1673), etc. His works were published for the first time as "Euvres de M. Molière" (1674). The first complete set, edited Vinot and La was en titled "Œuvres de M. Molière, revues, corrigées et augmentées" (1682). The best modern edition of Molière's complete plays was made by Despois (finished by Paul Mesnard) in the Collection des grands écrivains (1873-89) Independently of characters which Molière shares with all the great names of literature, his fertility and justne of thought, the felicity of the expre ion in which he clothes it, and his accurate observation of human life, there are two points in his drama which belong, in the highest degree, to him alone. One is the extraordinary manner in which he manages to imbue farce and burlesque with the true spirit of refined comedy. This manner has been spoken of by unfriendly critics as "exaggerated," but the reproach argues a deficiency of perception. Even the most roaring farces of Molière, even such pieces as "M. de Pourceaugnac" and the "Bourgeois Gentilhomme," demand rank as legitimate comedy, owing to his unmatched faculty of intimating a general purpose under the cloak of the merely ludicrous incidents which are made to surround the fortunes of a particular person. This general purpose (and here we come to the second point) is invariably a moral one. Of all dramatists, ancient and modern, Molière is perhaps that one who has borne most constantly in mind the theory that the stage is a lay pulpit, and that its end is not merely amusement, but the reformation of man manners by means of amusing spectacles... In brilliancy of wit he is, among dramatists, inferior only to Aris toph anes and Congreve. Saints bury , French Lit., p. 311. Molina (mō-lē'nä), Alonso de. Born in Escalona about 1510: died at Mexico, 1585 (?). A Spanish Francis can mi ionary. He went to Mexico when a child, early learned the Nahuatl tongue, and acted as interpreter to the first Francis can mi ionaries, subse quently joining the orderer His books on the Nahuatl are greatly prized by bibliophilists. Molina, Juan Ignacio. Born in Talca, Chile, June 23, 1737: died at Bologna, Italy, Sept. 12, 1829. A Jesuit historian. After the expulsion of his order (1767) he lived in Italy, and in 1774 settled at Bologna. His principal works are "Saggio sulla storia naturale di Chile" (1782) and "Saggio dell a storia civile di Chile" (1787). They were widely read, and there are many editions in various languages. Molina, Luis. Born at Cuenca, New Castile, 1535: died at Madrid, Oct. 12, 1600. A Spanish Jesuit theologian. He propounded in 1588 the doctrine that the efficacy of divine grace depends simply on the will which accepts it that grace is a free gift to all, but that the consent of the will is requisite in order that grace may be efficacious. His chief work is "Liberi arbitrii, etc., concord i a" (1588). Molinara (mo-le-nä'rä), La. [It., The Miller e or Mill Girl.'] An opera by Paisiello, produced at Naples in 1788, in London in 1803. Moline (mo-len'). A city in Rock Island County, Illinois, situated on the Mi i ippi near Rock