Giles, Cripple gate

Daniel changed it to De Foe, or Defoe, about 1703. Little is known of his early life. He abandoned the idea of being a di enting minister, went into busine in 1685, and in 1688 was with King William's army. He traveled a good deal on the Continent. In 1692 he became bankrupt, but afterward paid his debts. He then secured a position as secretary to a pantile fac tory, and was accountant to the commi ioners on gla duties. From 1698 he distinguished himself as a pamphleteer in favor of William III.'s policy. His ironical treatise "The Shortest Way with the Di enters" in 1703 occasioned his arrest, and he was sentenced to be fined, to stand three times in the pillory, and to be "imprisoned during the Queen's pleasure." During this imprisonment he wrote constantly, and began his "Review," a newspaper i ued at first once, afterward twice, and ultimately thrice, a week. It was published from Feb. 19, 1704, to June 11, 1713. During this time he also wrote about eighty other works. In 1704 he was released and went to St. Edmund's Bury and then back to London, where he took a prominent part in political intrigue. Finding himself generally objected to as a time-server and turncoat, he made an apology, "An Appeal to Honour and Justice" (1715), which did not remove the impre ion. From this time until his death he wrote industriously, "Robinson Crusoe" appearing in 1719. Among his other novels are “Life and Adventures of Duncan Campbell" (1720), "Captain Singleton (1720), "The Fortunes and Misfortunes of Moll Flanders" (1722), "Journal of the Plague Year" (2d ed., entitled "History of the Plague," 1722), "History of Colonel Jack" (1722), "Roxana" (1724), etc. Among his political writings are "The True-Born English man" (1701), "The Shortest Way with the Di enters" (1703), "Political History of the the Devil" (1726), etc. See his Life by Minto (1879), in "English Men of Letters" series. De Forest (de for'est), John William. Born at Seymour, Conn., March 31, 1826. An American novelist, miscellaneous writer, and soldier. De Forest He served through the Civil War from 1861 to 1865, in the Southwest, and with Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley. He received the brevet rank of major. From 1865 to 1868 he was adjutant-general of the veteran reserve corps. Among his works are "History of the Indians of Connecticut," etc. (1853), "Oriental Acquaintance" (1856), "Seacliff" (1859), "Mi Ravenel's Conversion" (1867), "The Oddest of Courtships," etc. (1881), and many military sketches, e ays, etc. Deformed Transformed, The. A drama by Byron, published in 1824. It was partly founded on Goethe's "Faust.", De Géran do. See Géran do . Deggendorf (deg'gen-dorf). A town in Lower Bavaria, situated on the Danube 30 miles northwest of Pa au. It has long been celebrated as a shrine for pilgrims. Population (1890), 6,250. De Gra e. See Gra e . De Haas. See Haas . Dehn (dan), Siegfried Wilhelm, Born at Altona, Germany, Feb. 25, 1799: died at Berlin, April 12, 1858. A German musical writer, librarian of the musical works in the royal library in Berlin 1842-48. Dehra Dun (deh'rä dön). A district in the Mirat division of the Northwest Provinces, British India, situated about lat. 30°-31° Ν., long. 78° E. Area, 1,193 square miles. Population (1891), 168,135. De i mit at i one Christ i (dē im-i-tā-shi-ōnē kris'ti). A religious treatise commonly ascribed to Thomas a Kempis, but about which there has been much controversy: it places the rule of life in seclusion and renunciation. Other candidates have been put forward, among them John Ger. son, the famous chancellor of the University of Paris, and an unidentified John Gersen, abbot of Vercelli (supported by the Benedictines), whose name appears as that of the author in one manuscript. For Gerson are brought forward a number of early MSS. and editions in France and Italy. "In favour of Thomas a Kempis has been alleged the testimony of many early editions bearing his name, including 1471 as to addre himself directly to Timocrates. Among the supposed guests are some of the most eminent men of the day, especially Masurius Sabinus, a descendant of the great jurist of the August an age, and himself one of the leading lawyers in the reign of Alexander Severus; Ulpian, whose death is supposed to take place soon after the entertainment; and Galen of Pergamum, "who has published so many writings on philosophy and medicine as to surpa all his predece ors, and who is equal in style to any of the ancients." These "learned guests" pour forth an unbroken stream of quotations extending through fifteen books, and touching on every subject which could be suggested by a banquet, and many others which are brought in by the head and shoulders, so that the work is a complete treasury of information on Greek literature, especially poetry, natural history, medicine, public and social usages, philology and grammar. The authors quoted by Athenæus are about 800, of whom about 700 would have been unknown but for him; and he sometimes gives us as many as 50 quotations from one author. The titles of books which he mentions are about 2,500, and he tells us himself that he had made extracts from more than 800 comedies belonging to the period of the middle comedy only. The extent to which this one book has contributed to repair the ravages of time, and especially to save choice fragments from the wreck of the great Alexandrian Museum, in which Athenæus pursued his studies, is shown by the test to which Schweighaeuser appeals, namely, that if we look into any collection of the fragments of Greek poets, we shall see how large a proportion is due to the Deipnosophists. K. O. Müller , Hist. of the Lit. of Anc. Greece, III. 285. [ ( Donald son .) Deira (de'i-rä). In the 6th century A. D., an Anglian kingdom in the present Yorkshire, England, extending from the Humber to the Tees. It was united with Bernicia to form the kingdom of Nor thumb ria about 600, and was later created an earldom.