erasing knife

A knife with a cord a to blade, sharpened on each edge, and adapted for erasing marks from paper by an abrading or cutting action, according to the angle at which it is held. The ends are provided with burnishers or other appendages useful about the desk; an eraser. ě-rā-şion, s . [Lat. eras us , pa. par. of era do .] The act of erasing or rubbing out; erasure. Ě-răs-ti-an, a. & s. [Named after Erastus. (See def.)] A. As adj .: Embracing the views of Thomas Lieber, Latinized into Erastus, a physician and profe or of medicine in the University of Heidel. berg, who was born at Baden, Sept. 7, 1524, and died at Basel, Switzerland, Dec. 31, 1583. B. As substantive : 1. One holding the same views as Erastus with regard to excommunication. [ERASTIANISM.] 2. One holding that the Church, especially if established by law, is under the jurisdiction of the State in spiritual as well as secular matters, and that all ecclesiastical sentences are liable to review in the civil courts. [ERASTIANISM.] Ě-răs-ti-an-işm, s . [Eng., ., Erastian ; -ism.] Theol., Law , & Ch . Hist .: The views with regard to the limits of ecclesiastical authority which Erastus [ERASTIAN] held or is supposed to have held. †(1) The views which Erastus undoubtedly held: An ardent Protestant, he believed it unwise that the Churches which had separated from Rome should excommunicate any of their members, or even pa upon them le er kinds of censure. If a church member committed a crime, the punishment should be inflicted not by the ecclesiastical authorities, but by the civil magistrate; if he fell into sin as distinguished from crime, the church with which he agreed in doctrine should not expel him or even alienate his affections by heavily censuring his conduct. Erastus, who attempted to base his views on Scripture, found himself in controversy on the subject with Dathenus and Beza. His tenets were committed to writing in A. D. 1568, but were not published till after his death. At length, however, Castelvetro, who had married Erastus' widow, gave them to the world in 1568, under the title Explicatio Quæstionis gravis simæ de Excom muni cat i one. The opinions of Erastus regarding excommunication were unsucce fully advocated in the Westminster A embly of 1643 by a small party, of whom Selden was chief. (2) The views attributed to Erastus: When the opinion is held that the Church has no warrant from its Divine Head for executing spiritual sentences on its offending members, some one is sure to suggest that the civil power then should prevent them from being carried out at all, and chin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; erdfolc annihilate independent government in every ecclesiastical body. When the State has taken it upon itself to define who are to be permitted to partake of the sacred communion, it is pretty certain to contend next for the right of nominating those who are to minister at the Church's altars and occupy her pulpits. If it cannot appoint every one itself, it gives the weight of its authority to the maintenance of lay patronage. In modern ecclesiastical controversy the term Erastianism has been held to designate the opinions now stated regarding the borderland between Church and State. This was the signification attached to the term in the controversy which resulted in the disruption of the Scottish Establishment in 1843. [DISRUPTION.] In 1845, however, the Rev. Robert Lee, afterward Profe or of Biblical Criticism in Edinburgh University, re-edited an English translation of Erastus' theses made in 1669, and showed that the evidence on which he was a umed to have held the views called after him was scanty and insufficient. They perhaps existed in his work in germ, but in germ only. ē-rā-şüre, s. [Eng.eras(e); -ure.] 1. The act of erasing, rubbing, or scratching out; obliteration, effacement. "Fear would prevent any corruptions of them by willful mutilation, changes, or erasures."-Horsley: Disc. on Prophecies of the Me iah. 2. That which is erased, scratched out, obliterated or effaced. 3. The place from which a word, ., has been erased or scratched out. "The superinduced words were written on an erasure ." -Prof. Menzies. *4. The act of razing or destroying utterly; as, the erasure of a city. Ér-a-tō, s . [Lat. Erato ; Gr. Erato =the Lovely; eratos lovely; eraō =to love.] 1. Cla . Myth .: One of the nine Muses. She presided over elegy and love songs. When she was playing, she carried a lyre in the one hand and a plectrum in the other, and was crowned with roses and myrtle. "Now, Erato! thy poet's mind inspire, And fill his soul with thy celestial fire." Dryden: Virgil ; Eneid , vii. 52, 53. 2. Astron.: An asteroid, the sixty-first found. It was discovered by Le er, on September 14, 1860. 3. Zool .: A genus of Cypræide (Cowries). Eleven recent species occur, and two fo il, the former from Britain, the West Indies, China, ., the latter from the Miocene onward. 4. Bot .: A genus of Asteraceæ, sub-tribe Psiadiem. er-bi-a, s. [ERBIUM.] Erato. (From a statuette in British Museum.) Chem.: Er2O3. Mol. weight 389.1. The oxide of the earth-metal Erbium. It is a rose-colored powder, insoluble in water; it is infusible, and glows when heated with an intense green light. It forms crystalline rose-colored salts which give characteristic lines in the spectrum. Erbium is said to exist in the sun. Erbia is probably a mixture of three earths: true Erbia, Holmia, and Thulia. It is very difficult to obtain it in a pure state. er-bi-ŭm, s. [From Ytterby in Sweden, where gadolinite, the mineral containing this metal, is found.] Chem.: Er, atomic weight 170-55. An earth-metal forming a rose-colored oxide, Er2O3. It gives a peculiar spectrum, marked by characteristic absorption bands. It is said to be a ociated with two other earth-metals: Thulium, atomic weight 1695; and Holmium, atomic weight 162. Its oxide. is yellow. Salts of erbium are rose-colored, and erbium oxalate is soluble in a solution of ammonium oxalate, forming a crystallizable double salt. er'-çin-ite, s . [From Sylva Hercynia , the Roman name for the Harz mountains, in which it was found at Andreas berg.] [HERCYNITE.] Min.: The same as HARMOTOME (q. v.). erd-man-nite, s. [Named after Profe or Erdmann.] Min.: The name of two minerals: (1) Erdman nite of Berlin : A variety of Orthite; (2) Erdman nite of Esmark : A variety of Zircon. *erce-dek-ne, s. [ARCHDEACON.] *erd, s . [EARTH.] IMG:content-1111.png:[blocks in formation] *ere, v. t. [EAR, v.] *ere, 8. [EAR, 8.] Old Eng. Homilies , p. 39.