BOXING

the art of fighting with the fists, now generally with the hands protected by padded gloves. Although the anc. Greeks and Romans had boxing contests with strict rules regarding them, the development of modern boxing, which has been almost entirely confined to England, the Brit. colonies, and U.S., dates from the beginning of the XVIII. cent., becoming a popular and fashionable sport about 1735-50, when Jack Brought on, the inventor of boxing-gloves, flourished. The August an age of boxing was during the first two decades of the cent.—the times of Mendoza, Tom Cribb, Dutch Sam, and Tom Spring. A revival took place about 1850-60, when Heenan, King, Tom Sayers, and Jem Mace were in the ring. The public outcry after the great fight between Heenan and Sayers caused prize fighting to be declared illegal in England. In 1866 the Amateur Athletic Club was founded, and the rules on which the modern sport is based were drawn up mainly by the 8th Marque of Queens berry. Since 1890 considerable public interest has been taken in ‘profe ional contests, Peter Johnson, the negro, van, Kid McCoy, Dick Burge, Bob Jeffries, Tommy Burns, Jack Johnson the negro, Jack Dempsey, Je e Willard, Georges Car pen tier, Joe Beckett, and Bombardier Wells all being well known names. The World War, while preventing some big meetings, in no way retarded the popularity of the sport. In America the revival of the boom saw the meeting of Dempsey and Willard in July, 1919, and of Car pen tier and Beckett in London in December of the same year, followed in 1921, by the defeat of Car pen tier by Dempsey, which gave the latter the championship of the world.