ESSEN

a town of Rhenish Pru ia, situated between the Ruhr and the Emscher, 18 miles north-east of Dii eldorf, founded in the ninth century, and adorned with a fine church dating from 873. It increased with great rapidity, and became celebrated for the steel and ironworks of Krupp, the most extensive in Europe, employing til the end of the European War over 27,000 workmen. This great establishment was started in 1827 with only two workmen. In March and April, 1920, heavy fighting took place at E en between the Government and the Communist troops. Pop. 629,564.