LIVERPOOL

city and co. bor., Lancashire, England (53° 25’ N., 2° 59’ W.), on Mersey; greatest seapt. on W. coast, with nineteen public graving docks; served by seven railway systems; a railway tunnel and ferry steamers cro Mersey to Birken head; connected with Manchester by Ship Canal, with E. coast by Leeds and Liverpool Canal; accounts for one-fourth of imports and two-fifths of exports of U.K., the total net tonnage of arriving and departing ve els, apart from coasting trade, totalling over: 18,000,000 in 1916. Chief imports are raw cotton, wheat, livestock, wool, tobacco, foodstuffs; chief exports, iron and steel, manufactures, textiles, chemicals, machinery, silk, woolen, and linen goods. Principal industries are shipbuilding, with a ociated iron and bra industries, flour and’ rice milling, sugar refining, manufacture of tobacco, gla , chemicals, chain cables, and anchors. Liverpool is episc. see of Anglican and R.C. churches; foundation-stone of Prot. cathedral was laid in 1904 by Edward VII.; School of Tropical Medicine; univ.; formerly affiliated to Vic- ‘toria Univ., Manchester, was incorporated in 1903. Public buildings include St. George’s Hall, good example of 19th cent. Renai ance style, which contains a ize court and great hall; Walker Art Gallery, built 1877, which has fine collection, including several old paintings by Dutch and Ital. masters; town hall, exchange, public library, ments. Liverpool received its first charter from King John in 1207, and obtained subsequent charters at various dates; was Parliamentary stronghold in Civil War; taken by Prince Rupert (1644); corporation acquired crown rights of manor of Liverpool in 1672 center of slave trade in 18th cent owes much of its importance to open in up of 8. Lancashire coalfield and ris of cotton industry. Pop. 746,400.