Nemocera (TIPULARIE)

Sub-order of Diptera, including elongated flies, with long antennæ sometimes tufted in the male. The wings are naked or hairy, and the legs long. The proboscis is short, fleshy, and often armed with piercing bristles. The larvæ have usually a distinct head and sometimes a jaw-sheath. They live in galls, in fungi, or in water. In the last case, when hatched from the pupa the fly rests on the floating pupa-skin as a boat, until the wings become hard. To this group belong the blood-sucking Gnats and the Gall-flies ( Gallicole ). Nemours, LOUIS CHARLES PHILIPPE RAPHAEL D'ORLEANS, DUC DE, b. 1814. Second son of Louis Philippe; in England 1848-70; gen. of division 1870-86.