For an explanation of Magog we must go to the prophet Ezekiel

He tells us (xxxviii. 2) that Magog was the land of Gog, "the chief prince" of Tubal and Meshech. Gog is the Gugu of the A yrian inscriptions, the Gyges of the Greeks and in Magog, therefore, we must see a title of Lydia. The name is evidently a compound of that of Gog: perhaps it represents the A yrian Mat Gugi, or 'country of Gugu.' Sayce, Races of the O. T., p. 45. Magoon (ma-gön'), Elias Lyman. Born at Leb anon, N. H., Oct. 20, 1810: died at Philadelphia, Nov.25,1886. An American Baptist clergyman and writer. His works include "Orators of the American Revolution" (1848), "Republican Christianity" (1849), etc. gruder (ma-grö'der), John Bank head. Born in Winchester, Va., Aug. 15, 1810: died at Houston, Texas, Feb. 19, 1871. An American general in the Confederate service. He graduated at West Point in 1830; served in the Mexican war 1846-47; served as a major-general at the battle of Malvern Hill, July 1, 1862; and was appointed commander of the Department of Texas, Oct. 16, 1862. He afterward served under the emperor Maximilian of Mexico. Maguana (mä-gwä'nä). A region or "province" in the southwestern part of the island of Haiti at the time of the conquest. Its principal cacique was Caonabo. Maguelonne (mäg-lon'). A former seaport on the Mediterranean, about 10 miles south of Montpellier, France. It was built by the Phocæans, and destroyed by Charles Martel 737, and finally by Louis XIII. 1633. There is a ruined cathedral on the site. Magui. See Tusayan . Maguire (ma-gwir'), John Francis. Born at Cork, Ireland, 1815: died at Cork, Nov. 1, 1872. An Irish journalist and author. He published "The Pontificate of Pius IX." (1870), "The Irish in Amer. ica" (1868), Magyar (modyor), László. Born at Maria-The resiopol, Austria-Hungary, 1817: died at Cuio, captain of Austrian and American ships, he went to Bra- zil (1844), and thence to the Kongo and Angola (1847-48), settling in Bihe. He visited the Muata Yamvo in 1850 and the Kunene River in 1852; then entered the Portuguese Magyars (mo'dyorz). [Hung., from Turk. ma- jar .] The members of a race, of the Finno- Ugrian stock, which invaded Hungary about the end of the 9th century, and settled there, where it still forms the predominant element of the population. See Hungary . Mahabaleshwar (ma-ha-ba-lesh-wur'). A health-resort in Bombay, British India, situated on the Western Ghats about lat. 17° 57′ N., long. 73° 40′ Ε. Mahabharata (ma-hä-bhäʻra-ta). [ Mahābhā- rata - ākhyāna , great Bharata story; or, more briefly, Mahabharata .] The name of one of the two great epics of ancient India, the other being the Ramayana. It contains over 100,000 distichs, di- vided into 18 parvans ('knots' 'joints,' and then 'sec- tions, chapters. It is about eight times as large as the Iliad and Ody ey together. The tales originally compos- ing it were probably first circulated in prose, and put later into metrical form. They may have existed several cen- turies before our era, but there is no satisfactory evidence as to their date. Neither is there better as to their au- thors. They are ascribed to Vyasa, "the arranger," called also Krishna Dvaipayana; but as the same Vyasa is the reputed compiler of the Vedas, Puranas, and other works, no historical value can an be attached to the detail. Scarcely a fourth of the poem is taken up by the main narrative. The rest consists of inserted episodes and diverse accre- tions, which are, aside from minor additions, either nar- ratives of the ancient or mythical history of India, the- ogony and cosmogony, or didactic and dogmatic matter. To the first cla belong the episodes of Nala and Shakun- tala, to the third the Bhagavadgita. Thus through con- stant accretion the Mahabharata became a sort of encyclo- pedia of India, intended by the Brahmanic authors for the Kshatriya or military caste. Krishna Dvaipayana is said to have taught the poem to his pupil Vaishampayana, who recited it at a festival before King Jan a me jay a. The from Puru, the ancestor of one branch of the lunar race. The following is a brief summary of the main story: The two brothers Dhritarashtra and Pandu were brought up in their royal home at Hast in a pur a, about 60 miles northeast came king. Pandu had 5 sons - Yudhishthira, Bhima, and Arjuna by Kunti, and Nakula and Sahadeva by Madri. These are called the Pandavas, and are types of heroic ex- cellence. Dhritarashtra had 100 sons, of whom the chief was Duryodhana. These are called the Kauravas, and are Pandavas were brought up with the Kauravas by Dhrita- rashtra, who made his nephew Yudhishthira heir app a- rent. Yudhishthira's exploits having excited the ill will of the Kauravas, the Pandavas went to the King of Panchala, whose daughter Draupadi became their common wife. After this alliance, in order to reconcile the feud, Dhri- tarashtra divided his kingdom, giving Hast in a pur a to his sons, and to his nephews a district in the southwest, where they built Indraprastha, the modern Delhi. Here the Pandavas lived for a time happily under the rule of Yu- dhishthira. Once, however, Dhritarashtra held at his cap- ital a great a embly to which came the Pandavas. In a game of dice with Duryodhana, Yudhishthira lost wealth, kingdom, brothers, and wife, when by a compromise the Pandavas agreed to give up their portion of the kingdom for 12 years and remain incognito for a thirteenth. They retired with Draupadi to the Kamyaka forest on the Saras- the grammatical sutras of Panini, written some time between B. c. 140 and 60 A. D. It is not a full commentary on Panini, but with some exceptions a yana on Panini. It is a paramount authority in all matters relating to cla ical Sanskrit grammar. There is a photo- lithographed edition by Goldstücker and a translation of 40 pages by Ballan tyne. Mahadeva (ma-hä-dā'va). [Skt., 'the great god.'] 1. A name of Shiva.-2. In the history of Buddhism, a schismatic teacher who is said to have lived 200 years after Buddha's death. Mahadevi (ma-ha-da'vē). [Skt., 'the great godde .'] A name of Devi, the wife of Shiva. of ancient history at Trinity College, Dublin, 1871-1901. Hehas written "Social Life in Greece" (1874), "A History of Greek Cla ical Literature" (1880), etc. Mahakashyapa (ma-hä kash'ya-pa). The dis- ciple of Buddha to whom are ascribed the ar- range ment of the Abhidharma and the found- ing of the Sthavira division of the Vaibhashika Mahan (ma-han'), Alfred Thayer. Born Sept. 27,1840. An American sailor and writer on naval history. He became midshipman in 1859, lieutenant in 1861, lieutenant-commander in 1865, commander in 1872, captain in 1885; and retired in 1896. He was made lecturer on history, strategetics, and tactics in, and president of, the United States Naval War College. In 1894 he was in com- mand of the Chicago. He has written several important works: "The Gulf and Inland Waters" (1883), "Influence of Sea Power upon History 1660-1783" (1890), "Influence of Sea Power upon the French Revolution and Empire 1793- 1812" (1892), a "Life of Admiral Farragut" (1894), and a "Life of Nelson" (1897). Mahan (ma-han'), Asa. Born at Vernon, N. Y., Nov. 9, 1800: died at East bourne, England, April 4, 1889. An American clergyman, edu- cat or, and author. He became president of Oberlin College in 1835, a position which he held until about 1850. He afterward held similar positions at Cleveland Univer- sity and Adrian College, Michigan. Among his works are "System of Intellectual Philosophy" (1845), "Science of Logic" (1857), and "Critical History of Philosophy" (1883), Mahan, Dennis Hart. Born at New York, April 2, 1802: died near Stony Point, N. Y., 1871. An American military engineer. He was profe or of engineering at West Point from 1832 until his death, holding also the office of dean after 1838. He com- mitted suicide by drowning in a fit of insanity. Among his works are "Treatise on Field Fortifications" (1836) and "Military Engineering" (1865-67). Mahan, Milo. Born at Suffolk, Va., May 24,1819: died at Baltimore, Sept. 3, 1870. An American clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal Church, brother of D. H. Mahan. His chief work is a "History of the Church" (1860: new ed. 1872). Mahanadi, or Mahanuddy (mä-ha-nud'i). A river in British India, which flows by a delta into the Bay of Bengal, about lat. 20° N. Length, over 500 miles. It has a large discharge. Mahanaim (ma-ha-nā'im). [H [Heb., 'double camp.'] In Old Testament geography, a place in Palestine, east of the Jordan and north of the Jabbok. Its exact position is unknown. It Mahanataka (ma-hä-nä'ta-ka). [Skt., 'the great drama.'] In Sanskrit literature, a name of the Hanuman nat aka (which see). Mahanoy City (mä-ha-noi' sit'i). A borough in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, 109 miles northwest of Philadelphia: the center of a coal- mining region. Population (1900), 13,504. Mahapralaya (ma-hä-praʻla-ya). [Skt., 'the great di olution.'] In Hindu belief, the total destruction of all things at the end of a kalpa, when the seven Lokas and their inhabitants, saints, gods, and Brahma himself, are annihi- lated. Maha puranas (ma-hä-pö-rä'naz). [Skt., 'the great Puranas.'] The Vishnupurana Maharajpur (mä-hä-räj-pör'). A village in Gwalior, India, 51 miles south of Agra. Here, Dec., 1843, the British under Gough defeated the vat i, and dwelt there 12 years. In the fourteenth year they demanded their po e ions, but in vain; hence the great Bhagavatapurana. war, in which they overthrew the reigning house, slew Duryodhana, and got back their kingdom. In the present books. When Yudhishthira is crowned in Hast in a pur a, Bhishma, leader of the Kauravas, though mortally wound. ed, instructs him on the duties of kings through 20,000 distichs and then dies. In the 17th book the Pandavas renounce the kingdom, and in the 18th, the last, they as- cend to heaven with Draupadi. (For a fuller account, see Monier-Williams's "Indian Wisdom," xiii. xiv.) The com- plete text of the Mahabharata has been printed at Bom- bay and at Calcutta. An attempt at a complete translation into French by Fauche was interrupted by his death. This translation is in many respects untrustworthy. Several episodes have been often translated into various modern languages, notably the Nala and the Bhagavadgita (which see). Mahrattas. Mahavansha (ma-hä-van's ha). [Skt., 'history of the great families' (of Ceylon).] The name of two Pali works on the history of Ceylon from the earliest times to the death of King Maha- sena (302A.D.). The older work, probably composed by monks at Anuradhapura in Ceylon, was read in public by command of King Dhatusena (459-477 A. D.). The younger work, a continuation of the elder, was composed by Ma- hanama, son of an aunt of Dhatusena. The Pali form of the name is Mahavanso, the above the Sanskrit. The first volume of a text and translation by Turn our appeared at Mahé. A seaport and small settlement belong- ing to France, situated on the Malabar coast of India, in lat. 11° 42′ N., long. 75° 32′ E. Pop- ulation (1888), 8,349. Mahé (B. F. Mahé de Labour donna is). See Labour donna is . Mahican (mä-hik'an). [Native name: 'wolf'" according to some, or 'seaside people' accord- ing to others.] A tribe or a loose confederacy of North American Indians. When first known they occupied both banks of the upper Hudson River, extending north nearly to Lake Cham plain, west to Cat skill Creek, and east into Ma achusetts. Their council-fire was first at Schodac, on an island near Albany; but, owing to the pres- sure of the Mohawks, many of them migrated to the Sus Mahidpore, or Mahedpore. See Mehadpur . Mahi Kantha (mä'he kän'thä). A collection of native states in India, under the protection of Great Britain, intersected by lat. 24° N., long.. 73o E. Area, 9,300 square miles. Population (1891), 581,568. Mahmud (mä-möd') I. [A form of Moham-- med.] Born 1696: died 1754. Sultan of Turkey 1730-54, son of Mustapha II., and nephew of Ahmed III. whom he succeeded. He con compelled Austria to cede Belgrad in 1739. Belgrad Mahmud II. Born July 20, 1785: died July 1, 1839. Sultan of Turkey 1808-39, brother of Mustapha IV. whom he succeeded. He carried on an unsucce ful war against Ru ia 1809-12. In 1821 the Greeks began a war of independence, and after the defeat of his fleet by the allied fleets of France, England, and Ru ia at Navarino (1827), and the capture of Adrianople on important wars in central Asia. He extended his vic- tories from the Tigris to the Ganges, and from the Indian Ocean to the Oxus. Mahomet. See Mohammed . Mahomet. A play by Voltaire, produced at Brus-- sels in 1741. Mahabhashya (ma-hä-bhä'shy a). [Skt., 'great commentary'; contracted from vyākaranamahā- bhāshy a , great commentary on grammar.] In Sanskrit literature, Patanjali's commentary on pecially of the 24th or last Jina, or deified saint Mahon. See Port Mahon .. Colombo, 1837. Mahavira (ma-hä-vē'ra). [Skt., 'great hero.'] A name of Rama and other personages, but es- Mahometans. See Mohammed . Mahon, Charles James Patrick Mahon (ma-hon'), Charles James Patrick, called The O'Gorman Mahon. Born at Ennis, County Clare, March 17, 1800: died at London, June 15, 1891. An Irish politician and adven turer. He was member of Parliament for Ennis 1847-52; served under the Ru ian, Turkish, and Austrian flags; was a general in the government army during the civil war in Uruguay; commanded a Chile an fleet against Spain; was a colonel in the Brazilian service; fought in the Union army during the American Civil War; was a colonel under Louis Napoleon; became an intimate of Bismarck; and was member of Parliament for Clare 1879-85, and for Carlow from 1887 until his death. Mahon, Lord. See Stanhope . Mahone (ma-hon'), William. Born in South duced in 1771. The play holds up to ridicule (as Mr. Flint) Mr. Walter Long, who behaved shamefully to the Maid of Bath, the Mi Linley who afterward married Richard Brinsley Sheridan. Maid of Honor, The. 1. A play by Mas singer, printed in 1632. Kemble altered and produced it in 1785, with Mrs. Siddons in the cast. 2. An opera by Balfe, produced in 1847. The subject is the same as that of Flotow's "Martha." Maid of Mariendorpt, The. A play in verse by James Sheridan Knowles, produced in 1838. Maid of Norway, The. A surname of Marga ret, queen of Scotland 1285-90. Maid of Orléans, The. Joan of Arc: so named ampton County, Va., Dec. 1, 1826: died at Washon account of her efforts for the relief of Or hingt ington, D. C., Oct. 8, 1895. An American politician. He served in the Confederate army during the Civil War, obtaining the rank of major-general; became afterward the leader of the Readjuster party in Virginia; and was United States senator from Virginia 1881-87. → Mahony (mäh'o-ni), Francis. Born at Cork, Ireland, about 1804: died at Paris, May 18, 1866. An Irish journalist and poet, known by the pseudonym of "Father Prout." He was educated for the priesthood in Paris and Rome, and was ordained, but about 1834 gave up his calling and began to write on the staff of "Fraser's Magazine." The articles which he contributed were published as "Reliques of Father Prout" in 1836: a final volume was published in 1876 by Blanchard Jerrold. He contributed to "Bentley's Magazine," and wrote to the "Daily News" from Rome for some years. These letters were published as "Facts and Figures from Italy, by Don Jeremy Savonarola, Benedictine Monk," in 1847. He retired to a monastery in 1864, and died there. → Mahrattas, or Marhattas (ma-rat'äz). Arace コ f of Hindus, inhabiting western and central India, who in the 17th and 18th centuries conquered and ruled many states, of which they formed a confederation, but which are now largely under British rule. They are Brahmans in religion, but differ Richardson's "Pamela." Maid of the Mist, The. Anne of Geierstein manu in Scott's novel of that name. Maid stone (mad's ton). The county town of Kent, England, gland, situated on the Medway 32 miles east-southeast of London. It has ma factures of paper and beer. The Church of All Saints and the buildings of the former College of All Saints are noteworthy. The Kentish Royalists were defeated here by Fairfax, June 2, 1648. Population (1891), 32,150. Maid's Tragedy, The. A play by Beaumont and Fletcher, first acted not later than 1611, printed in 1619. Waller altered it in 1682, and Mac ready produced, with Sheridan Knowles, an adaptation called "The Bridal" about 1834. Maiella (mi-el'lä). One of the loftiest groups of the A pennines, in central Italy, southwest of Chieti and south of the Gran Sa o. Height, 9,170 feet. physically from other Hindus, and have a distinct Hindu dialect, the Mahratti (Marathi). Their power was at its height about 1750. They were defeated by Ahmed Shah Maienfeld, or Mayenfeld (mi'en-felt). An 1775-82 was undecisive; in that of 1803 old town in the canton of Grisons, Switzerland, with the British in hich they wengaged Wellesley (Wellington) gained the victories of A aye and on the Rhine near Ragatz. Argaum, and Lake those of Aligarh and Laswari; and in Maikop, or Maykop (mi'kop). A fortified town that of 1816-18 the Mahrattas were again decisively beaten. They number about 12,000,000. Mähren (ma'ren). The German name of Moravia. Mahu. A fiend alluded to in Shakspere's "King Lear." Mai (mä'e or mi), Angelo. Born at Schilpario, province of Bergamo, Italy, March 7, 1782: died near Rome, Sept. 9, 1854. An Italian cardinal, noted as a philologist and antiquary. He discovered various manuscripts and palimpsests, and edited Cicero's "De republic a" (1822), etc. Maia (maya). [Gr. Maia .] 1. In Greek mythology, the eldest of the Pleiades, mother by Zeus of Hermes.-2. In Roman mythology, the Bona Dea.-3. The star 20 Pleiadum, which is surrounded with an adhering nebulosity that was discovered by photography. Maida (midi) CatA place in Calabria, Italy, 13 miles west of Catanzaro. Here, July 4, 1806, the British defeated the French under Reynier. IMG:content-0731.png:[blocks in formation] (1834-50). Mail let (mä-ya'), Jacques Léonar