REV EDWIN B. BONNEY -

BERGH 13 BESSE sion of the Congregation of Rites, minutante of the dictine monasteries in England; chaplain of the Propaganda; under-secretary of the Congregation of Daughters of the Cro , Car shalt on, Surrey. Oc- Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs; prothonotary casional contributor to reviews. Apostolic 1911; at present profe or of Church ARTICLES: Grenuriexion; Sarum Rite. history and Diplomatic Forms, Pontifical Academy of Noble Kcclesiastics. Author of: Propedeutica Berlioz, Ricgut Reverend ALEXANDRE, Society his to riz ecclesiast ice, 2 vols.; Storia sociale dell a of Foreign Mi ions, Bishop of Hakodate, Japan, b. Chiesa, 2 vols. at Serriéres-en-Chautagne, Savoy, 12 September, ARTICLES: Acaprmigs, Roman; Auprsio, GuaLIELMo; Baa- 1852. Education: school, Serriéres; College of Pont- NoREA; Bart; BaR Qui Is I ME TO; BELLUNO-FELTRE; BEN EVEN TO; de-Beauvoisin; Seminary, Chambéry; Seminary of BERGAMO; BERTINORO; BE SARION, JOHANNES; BIELL.; BISARcH10; Borano; Botogna; Borco San-Donnino; Borco San- Foreign Mi ions, Paris. Ordained and sent to China Srpotcro; Bosa; Bova; Bovrno; Brescia; BRINDISI; CAGLIARI; 1875; under-procurator at Hong-kong 1876-1877; Cacir EB PrrRGoLA; Cariazzo; CAL TAG IRONE; CAL TAN I SETT A; stationed at Marseilles, France, 1877-1879; Northern Catyvi AND T5ANO; CAMERINO; CAMERLENGO; CANELOS AND Japan mi ion 1879-1891; Bishop of Hakodate 1891. Macas; Capaccro AND VALLO; CaPECELATRO, ALFONSO; Capua; CarDINAL Protector; Carrati; Carpi; CaAsaLE MONFERRATO: Contributor to the “Ko Kyo Za hi’, the Japanese Cas aNn aRE; CasaNaTE, GrrouaAMo; CAserTA; Ca ano ALL Catholic review, 1888-1891. Tonio; CaS TELL AM MARE Di Srapia; CAsTmLLANETA; CATANIA; ARTICLE: Haxopate. CaTANZARO; CatTraro; Cava AND Sarno; CrEratt; Crnapa; Cervia; Cusena; Cutavarr; Cuinti; Curoaera; Curusi-Prenza; CrrrA Dewua Pinve; Crrrd pr CastTe.io; CrvirA CasTELLAN A, Bertreux, Rigor ReverenD JEAN Epurem, S.M., OrTE, AND GALLESE; CIVITAVECCHIA AND CoRNETO; CopEx 8.T.D., b. at Saint Jean de Boiseau, France, 13 Jan- Vatican us; CouLp pi VAL p’Ersa; Comaccuio; Como; Con- CORDIA; CON VERS A NO; CoNnzA; CorTONA; CosEeNzA; COTRONE; uary, 1853. Education: College at Couéts and Cozza-Luzi, GiusppPp; CrREMA; CREMONA; CuNEO; Democracy, Seminary at Nantes, France. Soldier in the Volun- Curisti1an; D1ano; Domnus AposTouicus; FaBRIANO AND MaTE teers of the West, under de Charette, Franco-Pru ian Lica; Fannza; FANO; FARNESE, A LESS ANDRO; FERENTINO; FERMO; War, 1870-1871; ordained and entered the Society of FERRARA; FIre soLe; FLORENCE; Foaaia; FoLtigNo; Forxi; Fo a- NO; Fo OMBRONE; Frascati; GAETA; GALLIPOLI; GALTELLI-NU- Mary 1878; mi ionary in the Fiji Islands (vicaroRr0; Gatupri, PasquaLe; GENoA; GERACE; GIBERTI, GIAN MatT general of the diocese 1888-1902) 1879-1902; perfect TEO; GIOBERTI, VINCENZO; GIRGENTI; GONzAGA, ERCOLE; Gon- Apostolic (1902-1912) and vicar Apostolic (1912- ZAGA, SCIPIONE; GRASS IS, PARIS DE; GRAVINA AND MONTEPELOSO; Gro eto; GUARANTEES, Law oF; GuasTALLA; GuBBIO; IGLE- ), South Solomon Islands; titular Bishop of s1as; Imoua; Inpips, East, PATRIARCHATE OF THE; IN TEN DEN CIA Musti 1912- Author of pamphlets on subjects ORIENTAL y LuaNos DE San Martin; Iscura; IsERNIA AND connected with the Fiji Islands. Venarro; ITato-Greexs; Ivrea; Jest; Laceponia; LAMBRU- ARTICLE: Sotomon Isutanps, SouTHERN. SCHINI, Lurer, CARDINAL; LANCIANO AND ORTONA; LaRINO; Lxeccsr; Leo XIII, Porn; Liprpomano, Luier; Lirra, ALFoNso AND LoRENzO; Lop1; Lucca; Lucpra; LUNI-SaRZANA-BRUGNATO; Bertrin, Anni Canon, Grorces MICHEL, Litt.D., MacbrRATA AND TO LENTI NO; MAcHI A VELL I, NicoLté; MAFrFret, b. at Sainte-Bazeille, Lot-et-Garonne, France, 7 July, RAFFAELO; Maaisrris, SIMONE DE; MAN FRED ON I A; MANTUA; 1851. Education: Seminary, Agen; Catholic Uni- Mareorti, Giacomo; Marsi; Marsico, Nuovo aNnD PoTENzA; Ma a Carrara; Ma a Maritrmma; MazzarRa DEL VALLO; versity, Paris; Sorbonne. Ordained 1876; succes- MEeELFI AND Rapoututa; Me ina; Mrzzoranti, GIusEPPE; M1- sively teacher in the Preparatory Seminary, and LAN; Miuetro; Mint, Papat; Moprena, ARCHDIOCESE AND UNIrofe or of rhetoric at the College of St. Caprasius, versity; Mopieuiana; Mourerra, TERLIZZI, AND GIOVINAZZO; Monaco; Monpov1; Monopori; MonreaLte; MOonraAtcrino; een ISTEATSG: ater of conferences (1889), Monratto; MonTEFELTRO; MON TEF I A SCONE; Montes Preraa istant profe or of ancient literatures (1889-1899), Tis; Moroni, GAETANO; Muro-Lucano; Napies; NarpO; NaRNI and profe or of French literature (1899- Ny AND TERNI; NEpI AND Sutrri; Nicastro; Nicosra; NIcoTERA AND Troppba; Nocera; Nocera DEI Pacant; Nota; NON Ex- Catholic Institute, Paris; honorary canon of several pepiIT; Norcia; Noro; Novara; Nusco; Ociiastra; Oppipo dioceses. Fellow of the Catholic University of Paris; MAMERTINA; ORIA; ORISTANO; ORVIETO; OsIMO; OsTIA AND VELmember of: the A ociation of Former Pupils of the LETRI; OTRANTO; Pacca, BARTOLOMMEO; Papua, Diocrsm AND University; PaGano, Mario; PaLteRMo, ARCHDIOCESE AND Sorbonne; of Former Pupils of the Catholic Institute, UNIVERSITY; PAL ESTRIN A; PARMA; Paruta, PAOLo; PA a GLia, Paris; of French journalists. Author of: ‘‘ Les grandes Caro; Pa i one I, Domenico; Patti; Pavia, DiocEsE AND figures catholiques du temps présent’’, 4 vols. (Paris, UNIVERSITY; PENNE AND ATRI; PERIODICAL LITERATURE, ITALY; Prrucia; Pesaro; Prescra; Pracenza; PiaTro CARDINALIZIO; 1895; new ed. 1905); ‘‘La question homérique” PrazzA ARMER IN A; PiIccOLOMINI, A LESS ANDRO; PICCOLO MINI- (Paris, 1897); ‘‘Chateaubriand” (Paris, 1900); AMMANNATI, JACOPO; PIGNATELLI, GiuspPPE Maria, VENER- “Cicéron et la conjuration de Catilina’’ (Latin thesis) ABLE; PINEROLO; Pisa, ARCHDIOCESE AND UNIVERSITY; PISTOIA (Paris, 1900); ‘Saint Laurent O’Toole” (Paris, AND Prato; Prus X; Pogeio Mirtreto; PoLicastrRo; POMPONAZZI, Pietro; PonTREMOLI; Porto anp SantTa-RvuFINA; Po E vIN us, 1903); ‘‘La criminal ité en France” (1904); ‘‘ His to ire Antonius; PozzvuoL1; PROPAGANDA, SACRED CONGREGATION OF; critique des événements de Lourdes” (1905; new ed. Ravenna; RECANATI AND LorETO; ReGGio DELL’ Emiiia; Ree- 1910); “Sainte-Beuve et Chateaubriand’ (1906); Gio pI CaLaBRiA; RreNz1, Cova D1; Rieti; Rimini, CouNcIL oF; Rrurn1, Diocese or; RIP A TRANS ONE; ROMAN CoLLEGEs; Romp; “tudes sur les Lettres philosophiques de Voltaire”’ Rome, University OF; Ro ano; Ro i, PELLEGRINO; Rota, (1908); ‘Un miracle d’aujourd’hui” (1909); “Ce que Sacra Romana; Ruvo AND Bironto; SABINA; SALERNO, DiocEsE répondent les adversaires de Lourdes, réplique 4 un AND UNIVERSITY OF; SALUzZzO; SAN Marco AND BISIGNANO; SAN Martino; San Martino au Cimino; San Mini a to; San Paoro; médicin allemand” (1910; new ed. 1911); collaborator FUORI LE MORI CIMINO; SAN SEVERINO; SANS EVER I NO, GAETANO; in: “Nouveau Larou e Illustré” (ecclesiastical San Severo; Santa AcaTa DEI Gori; Santa Lucia DEL MELA; definitions); ‘‘Dictionnaire apologétique de la foi Sant’ ANGELO Db’ LOMBARDI; SANT’ ANGELO IN VADO AND UR- BANIA; SANTA SEVER IN A; SARDINIA; SARSINA; Sa aRI; SAVONA catholique”; contributor to: “Le Correspond ant”’, AND Nour; Seeni; Se a-AURUNCA; Sicity; Srmna, ARCHDIOCESE L’Ens eigne ment chrétien”, “La Revue pratique AND UNIveEeRSITy; SINIGAGLIA; SrRAcUSA; SOLIMOES, SUPPRIORD; Sorrento; SovaANA AND P1TIGLIANO; SPEDALIERI, NICHOLA; d ppomertdnes. 2 ARTICLES: CHarnauBRIAND, FRANGOIS-RENH Du; LA Bruy- SPoLErTo; SQUILL ACE; SUBURBICARIAN Dioceses; Susa; TANucct, bre, JBAN Dp; LAMARTINE, ALPHONSE DBE; Ly Sacn, ALAIN- BeRNARDO; TARANTO; TELESE; TERAMO; TERMOLI; TERRACINA, Rent; Lourpges, Norre Dame pH; MAISTRE, JospPH-M ARIE, Sezzn, AND PrepRNno; Tivo; Topi; Tortona; TRANI AND Bar- Comrs pp; Maistre, Xavipr pp; Mrracie Piays anp Mys- LETTA; TRAPANI; Treviso; TRicarico; TrinitA pi Cava DEI TrrRRENI, ABBEY OF; TRIVEMTO; TURIN, D1ocesE AND UNIVER- TERIBS; MOLImRE; MONTAIGNE, MicHEL-EYQUEN DB; OLIVIER, DE LA Marcu; OzANAM, ANTOINE-FRBDERIC; RABELAIS, FRANCO IS; sity; Upine; Uamntro; UGHELLI, FprpInaNDO; ULTRA MONTAN- Marin pB-RABUTIN-CHANTAL; Roruin, Cuaries; Sfviané, 1sM; UrBINO; VAaLLA, LorENzO; VALVA AND SALMON A; VENICE; Venosa; VENTIMIGLIA; VENUSTI, RAFFAELE; VERCELLI; VER- SweEr cHine, SoPHiE-JEANNE SOYMONOF; TASSIN, REN5-PROSPER; TILLEMONT, LOUIS-SHBASTIAN LE MAIN Db; VANDAL, ALBERT; GANI, Paoio; VEROLI; VERONA; VERRI, PreTrRo; VICENZA; VIGE- Watton, Henri-ALEXANDRE. VANO; VILLANI, GIOVANNI; VITERBO AND TO SCAN ELL A; VOLTER- RA; Ziva, St. 0.5.B. Be e, REVEREND JEAN MartTiAL LEON, Bergh, Ricgut REVEREND FREDERICK THOMAS b. at Saint-Angel, Corréze, France, 1861. Entered 0.8.B., b. in Devons hire, England, 9 October, 1840. the Benedictine Order at Solesmes 1881; ordained Education: Greg or i an University, Rome. Entered 1886; transferred to the Abbey of Ligugé, Vienne, the Benedictine Order 1861; ordained 1869; Superior 1885; master of novices and sub-prior, Ligugé, 1889; of St. Augustine’s Abbey, Ramsgate, 1877-1905; director of the first group of religious charged with abbot 1896; at present visitor of the Ca inese Bene the restoration of the Abbey of Saint Wandrille. 32 BESSON 14 BIRT (Seine-Inférieure) 1894; profe or of history and Bihl, ReverenD MIcHAEtL, 0.¥F.M., writer, b. at director of an Apostolic School at one of the Bene- Filsdorf, Lorraine, Germany, 10 May, 1878. Educadictine houses in Spain 1895-1897; returned to tion: Clevedon, England; Metz, Germany; Einsiedeln, Ligugé 1897; once more master of novices 1899; Switzerland; Rome. Entered the Francis can Order removed with his fellow monks to the new Abbey of 1897; ordained 1902; rector at Fulda, Germany, Ligugé, Chevetogne, Belgium, 1902; at present 1903-1907; occupied in research work regarding the lecturer on the Syllabus, Institut d’action frangaise, history of the Francis can Order and_ profe or of Paris; preacher and socia) worker. Author of: “Le ecclesiastical history, College of St. Bona venture, Moine bénédict in’”’ (1898); ‘“‘Les Moines d’Orient” Quaracchi, near Florence, Italy. Author of: “Die (1899); ‘“‘Le Mon a chis me africa in” (1899); ‘Les Geschichte des Franziskanerklosters Frauenberg zu études ecclésiastiques d’aprés la méthode de Mabil- Fulda” (Fulda, 1907); ‘Die Geschichte des Franzislon” (1900); ‘‘Le Cardinal Pie” (1903); ‘Saint kaner-Gymnasiums zu Tauberfischofsheim” (Fulda, Wandrille” (1904); (under the pseudonym Léon de 1908); contributor to: ‘“Liter aris cher Hand we i ser”’; Chey ac) ‘‘Page d’his to ire politique, le Ralliement”’ “Fuldaer_Geschichtsblatter”; “Liter aris che Rund- (1905); ‘‘Les Moines de l’ancienne France’’, Vol. I schau”’ (Freiburg); ‘‘Historisch-politische Blatter”’; (1906); various pamphlets of the collection ‘Science “Etudes franciscaines (Paris); ‘‘Revue franciscaine”’ et Religion”; re-edited Beaunier, ‘Recueil des (Bordeaux); ‘Archivum Franciscanum hist or i cum”’. archevéchés, évéchés, abbayes et prieurés de l’anci- ARTICLES: CoLeTtTEe, SAINT; CONCEPTIONISTS; DAVID OF AvuasBurRG; EvIzABETH OF HuNnGaARy, SaInT; Faspr, PHrILip; enne France’’, Vols. I-IV (1905-1906); founded: Fraticetur; Friars Minor, ORDER OF; GERARDUS, ODONIS; “Bulletin de Saint Martin et de Saint Benoft”’ (1884); Hvueser, For tun at us; ISABELLA OF FRANCE, BLESSED; JULIAN “Bulletin Catholique des livres et de revues” (1892), or SpeYER; LADISLAUS, SAINT; LEONARD OF Port MAvRICE, Saint; Macepo, Francisco; Macnus, VALERIAN US; MAIL LARD, combined with the ‘Mois littéraire” of the Bene- Ourvier; Marreo or AcQuasPpaRTs; Mayron, FRANCIS; ORdictines of Solesmes (1894); ‘‘La Vie de la paroi e”’; BELLIS, NicHOLAS D’; Paciricus OF CERED A NO; PACIFIC US OF director of the ‘‘Revue Mabillon”’ and the ‘‘Archives San SEVERINO, SAINT; PHILIP OF JESUS, SAINT; PORTIUNCULA; Veca, ANDREAS DE. de la France monastique”’; contributor to numerous reviews and periodicals. Birk hae user, REVEREND Jopoc ADOLPHE, b. at ARTICLES: Amsrosians; AvuGusTINE, RuLE oF SaINT; Baptist Tines; BARTHOLOMITES; Basin, RULE or Saint; Beru- Troisdorf, Germany, 9 June, 1841; d. at Racine, LEHEMITES; EuUTROPIUS OF VALENCIA; GUNTHER, BLESSED; HER- Wisconsin, 3 March, 1908. Education: parish school, mits; HieRONYMITES; LiRINS, ABBEY OF; MENDES DE SILVA, Joio; MERcEDARIANS; MONASTERIES, SUPPRESSION OF; THE- Fu ville, Wisconsin; Seminary of St. Francis de BAID. Sales, St. Francis, Wisconsin. Ordained 1863; former profe or of Church history and canon law, St. Francis The Catholic Encyclopedia and Its Makers